Holocentrinae is a

subfamily In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classifica ...

of Holocentridae containing 40 recognized species and one proposed species. Its members are typically known as squirrelfish and all are

nocturnal Nocturnality is an animal behavior characterized by being active during the night and sleeping during the day. The common adjective is "nocturnal", versus diurnal meaning the opposite. Nocturnal creatures generally have highly developed sens ...

. All three

genera Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nomenclat ...

in the subfamily are found in the Atlantic and ''

Holocentrus ''Holocentrus'' is a genus of squirrelfishes found in the Atlantic Ocean. Species There are currently two recognized species in this genus: * ''Holocentrus adscensionis'' (Osbeck Pehr Osbeck (1723 – 23 December 1805) was a Swedish explor ...

'' is restricted to this ocean. Most species in genera '' Neoniphon'' and ''

Sargocentron ''Sargocentron'' is a genus of squirrelfish (family Holocentridae) found in tropical parts of the Indian, Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, with the greatest species diversity near reefs in the Indo-Pacific. Being largely or entirely nocturnal, they h ...

'' are from the

Indo-Pacific The Indo-Pacific is a vast biogeographic region of Earth. In a narrow sense, sometimes known as the Indo-West Pacific or Indo-Pacific Asia, it comprises the tropical waters of the Indian Ocean, the western and central Pacific Ocean, and the ...

region and several of these occur in the

Indian Ocean The Indian Ocean is the third-largest of the world's five oceanic divisions, covering or ~19.8% of the water on Earth's surface. It is bounded by Asia to the north, Africa to the west and Australia to the east. To the south it is bounded by ...

west of the southern tip of

India India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, seventh-largest country by area, the List of countries and dependencies by population, second-most populous ...

.Randal, J.E. and Heemstra, P.C. 1985
"A review of the squirrelfishes of the subfamily Holocentrinae from the Western Indian Ocean and Red Sea"
''Ichthyological Bulletin of the J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology''; No. 49. J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Rhodes University. A rare example of the fish is featured in

Ian Fleming Ian Lancaster Fleming (28 May 1908 – 12 August 1964) was a British writer who is best known for his postwar ''James Bond'' series of spy novels. Fleming came from a wealthy family connected to the merchant bank Robert Fleming & Co., an ...

's 1960

James Bond The ''James Bond'' series focuses on a fictional British Secret Service agent created in 1953 by writer Ian Fleming, who featured him in twelve novels and two short-story collections. Since Fleming's death in 1964, eight other authors hav ...

short story, "

The Hildebrand Rarity ''For Your Eyes Only'' is a collection of short stories by the British author Ian Fleming, featuring the fictional British Secret Service agent Commander James Bond, the eighth book to feature the character. It was first published by Jonath ...

References

External links

* * * Holocentridae Fish subfamilies Taxa named by John Richardson (naturalist) {{Beryciformes-stub