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The rank of lieutenant in Eastern Europe ( hr, poručnik, cs, poručík, pl, porucznik, russian: script=latn, poruchik, sr, script=latn, poručnik, sk, poručík) is one used in Slavophone armed forces. Depending on the country, it is either the lowest or second lowest officer rank.


Etymology

The rank designation might be derived from russian: поpученец (a person tasked by a special mission); russian: поручение (to receive an order) or russian: пору́чить (tasked to look after). Normally the received military orders in written form and was responsible to meet the particular goals and objectives anticipated.


Russian imperial armed forces

The
Imperial Russian Army The Imperial Russian Army (russian: Ру́сская импера́торская а́рмия, tr. ) was the armed land force of the Russian Empire, active from around 1721 to the Russian Revolution of 1917. In the early 1850s, the Russian Ar ...
introduced this rank first in middle of the 17th century, by the Strelets so-called New Order Regiments , reflected in the Table of Ranks. A ''poruchik'' was normally assigned to assistant commanding officer of a
company A company, abbreviated as co., is a legal entity representing an association of people, whether natural, legal or a mixture of both, with a specific objective. Company members share a common purpose and unite to achieve specific, declared ...
, later
platoon A platoon is a military unit typically composed of two or more squads, sections, or patrols. Platoon organization varies depending on the country and the branch, but a platoon can be composed of 50 people, although specific platoons may rang ...
. In 1798 this particular rank designation was replaced by
lieutenant A lieutenant ( , ; abbreviated Lt., Lt, LT, Lieut and similar) is a commissioned officer rank in the armed forces of many nations. The meaning of lieutenant differs in different militaries (see comparative military ranks), but it is often ...
beginning with the
Russian Guards Guards (russian: гвардия) or Guards units (russian: гвардейские части, ''gvardeyskiye chasti'') were elite military units of Imperial Russia prior to 1917–18. The designation of Guards was subsequently adopted as a distin ...
, followed by other military units, and legalised by the Table of Ranks.


Lieutenant (Eastern Europe)'s insignia

Bosnia and Herzegovina 1st Lieutenant Insignia.svg,
(
Bosnian Ground Forces The Armed Forces of Bosnia and Herzegovina ( sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Oružane snage Bosne i Hercegovine, OSBiH, Оружане снаге Босне и Херцеговине, ОСБИХ) is the official military force of Bosnia and Herz ...
) Army-HRV-OF-01b.svg,
( Croatian Army) CzArmy 2011 OF1b-Poruchik shoulder.svg,
( Czech Land Forces) 10-APM-1LT.svg,

( North Macedonian Ground Forces) 11-Montenegro Army-1LT.svg,
(
Montenegrin Ground Army Montenegrin Ground Army ( cnr, Kopnena vojska Crne Gore) is the ground force of the Armed Forces of Montenegro The Armed Forces of Montenegro ( cnr, Војска Црне Горе, Vojska Crne Gore) are the military forces of Montenegro. The Ar ...
) Army-POL-OF-01a.svg,
(
Polish Land Forces The Land Forces () are the land forces of the Polish Armed Forces. They currently contain some 62,000 active personnel and form many components of the European Union and NATO deployments around the world. Poland's recorded military history stre ...
) 10-Serbian Army-LT.svg,

( Serbian Army) Army-SVK-OF-01b.svg,
(
Slovak Ground Forces The Slovak Ground Forces, also known as the Slovak Army, is the land specialized service branch of the Slovak Armed Forces. Structure Ground Forces Command * Ground Forces Command, in Trenčín (Commander: 2 Star General) ** Command Suppo ...
) 12-Slovenian Army-2LT.svg,
(
Slovenian Ground Force The Slovenian Ground Force is the primary component of Slovenian Armed Forces. History The current Slovenian Armed Forces are descended from the Territorial Defense of the Republic of Slovenia (''Teritorialna Obramba Republike Slovenije''; ''TO ...
)


See also

* Podporuchik *
Lieutenant A lieutenant ( , ; abbreviated Lt., Lt, LT, Lieut and similar) is a commissioned officer rank in the armed forces of many nations. The meaning of lieutenant differs in different militaries (see comparative military ranks), but it is often ...
* Lieutenant colonel (Eastern Europe) * Colonel (Eastern Europe) * Lieutenant colonel general * Comparative army officer ranks of Europe * Ranks and insignia of the Russian armed forces until 1917


References

{{reflist Military ranks of Poland Military ranks of Russia Military ranks of the Soviet Union hr:Poručnik