Pidgin English is a non-specific name used to refer to any of the many

pidgin A pidgin , or pidgin language, is a grammatically simplified means of communication that develops between two or more groups of people that do not have a language in common: typically, its vocabulary and grammar are limited and often drawn from s ...

languages derived from

English English usually refers to: * English language * English people English may also refer to: Peoples, culture, and language * ''English'', an adjective for something of, from, or related to England ** English national ...

. Pidgins that are spoken as

first language A first language, native tongue, native language, mother tongue or L1 is the first language or dialect that a person has been exposed to from birth or within the critical period. In some countries, the term ''native language'' or ''mother to ...

s become creoles. English-based pidgins that became stable contact languages, and which have some documentation, include the following: * Aboriginal Pidgin English *

Native American Pidgin English Native American Pidgin English (AIPE) was an English-based pidgin spoken by Europeans and Native Americans in western North America. The main geographic regions in which AIPE was spoken was British Columbia, Oregon, and Washington. AIPE is men ...

Cameroonian Pidgin English Cameroonian Pidgin English, or Cameroonian Creole ( wes, Wes Cos, from West Coast), is a language variety of Cameroon. It is also known as Kamtok (from 'Cameroon-talk'). It is primarily spoken in the North West and South West English speaking r ...

Chinese Pidgin English Chinese Pidgin English (also called Chinese Coastal English or Pigeon English; ) is a pidgin language lexically based on English, but influenced by a Chinese substratum. From the 17th to the 19th centuries, there was also Chinese Pidgin Engl ...

* Butler English (India) * Euro English *

Ghanaian Pidgin English Ghanaian Pidgin English (GhaPE), is a Ghanaian English-lexifier pidgin also known as Pidgin, Broken English, and Kru English (''kroo brofo'' in Akan). GhaPE is a regional variety of West African Pidgin English spoken in Ghana, predominantly in ...

* Hawaiian Pidgin English * Japanese Bamboo English *

Japanese Pidgin English Japanese Pidgin English is any of several English-based pidgins spoken or influenced by the Japanese. * Cape York Japanese Pidgin English, spoken in the pearling area at Thursday Island *Hawaiian Pidgin English, which began as a pidgin jargon spok ...

Korean Bamboo English Bamboo English was a Japanese Pidgin-English jargon developed after World War II that was spoken between American military personnel and the Japanese on US military bases in occupied Japan. It has been thought to be a pidgin, though analysis ...

Kru Pidgin English Liberian Kreyol is an Atlantic English-lexicon creole language spoken in Liberia.Liberian English

* Liberian Interior Pidgin English *

Micronesian Pidgin English Micronesian Pidgin is an English-based pidgin language spoken in nineteenth-century Micronesia. It may have been related to Melanesian Pidgin English, due to a number of workers from Melanesia. English-speaking traders dominated the area from ab ...

* Nauru Pidgin English * New Zealand Pidgin English * Nigerian Pidgin * Papua New Guinea Pidgin *

Papuan Pidgin English Papuan Pidgin English was a 19th-century English-based pidgin of New Guinea. It was eventually replaced by Hiri Motu, a Melanesian-based pidgin, and was not ancestral to modern English-based Tok Pisin Tok Pisin (,Laurie Bauer, 2007, ''The L ...

(distinct from

Tok Pisin Tok Pisin (,Laurie Bauer, 2007, ''The Linguistics Student’s Handbook'', Edinburgh ; Tok Pisin ), often referred to by English speakers as "New Guinea Pidgin" or simply Pidgin, is a creole language spoken throughout Papua New Guinea. It is an ...

) * Port Jackson Pidgin English (ancestral to

Australian Kriol Australian Kriol is an English-based creole languages, English-based creole language that developed from a pidgin used initially in the region of Sydney and Newcastle, New South Wales, Newcastle in New South Wales, Australia, in the early day ...

) *

Queensland Kanaka English Queensland Kanaka English, Queensland Canefields English or Queensland Plantation Pidgin English is an English-based pidgin language that was spoken by Melanesian labourers in Queensland, Australia from the late 1860s. See also *Blackbirding * ...

Samoan Plantation Pidgin Samoan Plantation Pidgin is an English-based pidgin language that was spoken by plantation workers in Samoa. It is closely related to Tok Pisin, due to the large number of New Guinea New Guinea (; Hiri Motu: ''Niu Gini''; id, Papua, or , ...

Solomon Islands Pijin Pijin (Solomons Pidgin or Neo-Solomonic) is a language spoken in Solomon Islands. It is closely related to Tok Pisin of Papua New Guinea and Bislama of Vanuatu; these might be considered dialects of a single language. It is also related to To ...

Solombala-English Solombala-English, or Solombala English–Russian Pidgin, is a little-known pidgin, derived from both English and Russian, that was spoken in the port of Solombala in the city of Arkhangelsk (Archangel), Russia in the 18th and 19th centuries. ...

* Thai Pidgin English *

* West African Pidgin English (multiple varieties) *

Vanuatu Bislama Bislama (; ; also known by its earlier French name, ) is an English-based creole language and one of the official languages of Vanuatu. It is the first language of many of the "Urban ni-Vanuatu" (citizens who live in Port Vila and Luganville) ...

* Franglish

References

* * {{English dialects by continent English Pidgins