A metadata registry is a central location in an organization where

metadata Metadata is "data that provides information about other data", but not the content of the data, such as the text of a message or the image itself. There are many distinct types of metadata, including: * Descriptive metadata – the descriptive ...

definitions are stored and maintained in a controlled method. A metadata repository is the

database In computing, a database is an organized collection of data stored and accessed electronically. Small databases can be stored on a file system, while large databases are hosted on computer clusters or cloud storage. The design of databases ...

where metadata is stored. The registry also adds relationships with related metadata types. A

metadata engine A metadata engine collects, stores and analyzes information about data and metadata (data about data) in use within a domain. It virtualizes the view of data for an application by separating the data (physical) path from the metadata (logical) path ...

collects, stores and analyzes information about data and metadata (data about data) in use within a domain.

Use of metadata registries

Metadata registries are used whenever data must be used consistently within an organization or group of organizations. Examples of these situations include: * Organizations that transmit data using structures such as

XML Extensible Markup Language (XML) is a markup language and file format for storing, transmitting, and reconstructing arbitrary data. It defines a set of rules for encoding documents in a format that is both human-readable and machine-readable. T ...

, Web Services or EDI * Organizations that need consistent definitions of data across time, between databases, between organizations or between processes, for example when an organization builds a data warehouse * Organizations that are attempting to break down "silos" of information captured within applications or proprietary file formats Central to the charter of any metadata management programme is the process of creating trusting relationships with stakeholders and that definitions and structures have been reviewed and approved by appropriate parties.

Common characteristics of a metadata registry

A metadata registry typically has the following characteristics: * Protected environment where only authorized individuals may make changes * Stores

data element In metadata, the term data element is an atomic unit of data that has precise meaning or precise semantics. A data element has: # An identification such as a data element name # A clear data element definition # One or more representation terms ...

s that include both

semantics Semantics (from grc, σημαντικός ''sēmantikós'', "significant") is the study of reference, meaning, or truth. The term can be used to refer to subfields of several distinct disciplines, including philosophy, linguistics and comput ...

and

representations ''Representations'' is an interdisciplinary journal in the humanities published quarterly by the University of California Press. The journal was established in 1983 and is the founding publication of the New Historicism movement of the 1980s. It ...

* Semantic areas of a metadata registry contain the meaning of a data element with precise definitions * Representational areas of a metadata registry define how the data is represented in a specific format, such as in a database or a structured file format (e.g.,

)

Clear separation of semantics and system-specific constraints

Because metadata registries are used to store both semantics (the meaning of a data element) and systems-specific constraints (for example the maximum length of a string) it is important to identify what systems impose these constraints and to document them. For example the maximum length of a string should not change the meaning of a data element. The

International Organization for Standardization The International Organization for Standardization (ISO ) is an international standard development organization composed of representatives from the national standards organizations of member countries. Membership requirements are given in A ...

(ISO) has published standards for a metadata registry called ISO/IEC 11179 and also ISO15000-3 and ISO15000-
ebXML registry and repository (regrep)
EbXML RegRep

International standards

There are two international standards which are commonly referred to as metadata registry standards: ISO/IEC 11179 and ISO 15000-3. There are some who believe that ISO/IEC 11179 and ISO 15000-3 are interchangeable or at least in some way similar. e.g. "Of interest is that the ISO 11179 model was one of the inputs to the ebXML RIM (registry information model) and so has much functional equivalence to the "registry" region of the ISO 11179 conceptual model.

This is however incorrect. Although the specification ebRIM v2.0 (5 December 2001) says at the beginning in its Design Objectives: "Leverage as much as possible the work done in the OASIS ASand the ISO 11179 SORegistry models

by the time of ebRIM v3.0 (2 May 2005) all reference to ISO/IOEC 11179 is reduced to a mention under informative references on page 76 of 78

It was recognised by some team members that the

ebXML Electronic Business using eXtensible Markup Language, commonly known as e-business XML, or ebXML (pronounced ee-bee-ex-em-el, 'bi,eks,em'el as it is typically referred to, is a family of XML based standards sponsored by OASIS and UN/CEFACT whose m ...

RIM data model had no place to store "fine grained artifacts

ie. the data elements which are at the heart of ISO/IEC 11179, but not until 2009 can an explicit and definitive statement from the team be found

ISO/IEC 11179

ISO/IEC 11179 says that it is concerned with "traditional" metadata: "We limit the scope of the term as it is used here in ISO/IEC 11179 to descriptions of data - the more traditional use of the term." Originally the standard named itself a "data element" registry. It describes data elements: "data elements are the fundamental units of data" and "data elements themselves contain various kinds of data that include characters, images, sound, etc." It also describes a registry with an analogy: "This is analogous to the registries maintained by governments to keep track of motor vehicles. A description of each motor vehicle is entered in the registry, but not the vehicle itself."

ebXML

The

RIM says about its Repository and Registry that it is * "... capable of storing any type of electronic content such as XML documents, text documents, images, sound and video … RepositorytItems (sic) are stored in a content repository". It also says that it is * "... capable of storing standardized metadata that MAY be used to further describe RepositoryItems" which metadata "… are stored in the registry". It also describes itself with "...this familiar metaphor. An ebXML Registry is like your local library. The repository is like the bookshelves in the library. The repository items in the repository are like book (sic) on the bookshelves." It goes on to say "The registry is like the card catalog … A RegistryObject is like a card in the card catalog." What should be immediately apparent is that something which holds catalogue cards is not "like" a catalogue, it IS a catalogue. Unfortunately for a number of organisations that have implemented ebXML RIM to satisfy a requirement for an ISO/IEC 11179 registry, ebXML RIM * is neither a registry * nor does it store metadata. It is * a "content repository" * and a " metadata, metacontent catalogue".

Metadata registry roles

A metadata registry is frequently set up and administered by an organization's data architect or data modeling team. Data elements are frequently assigned to

data steward A data steward is an oversight or data governance role within an organization, and is responsible for ensuring the quality and fitness for purpose of the organization's data assets, including the metadata for those data assets. A data steward may s ...

s or data stewardship teams that are responsible for the maintenance of individual data elements through a secure system.

Metadata element workflow

Metadata registries frequently have a formal data element submission, approval and publishing approval process. Each data element should be accepted by a data stewardship team and reviewed before data elements are published. After publication change control processes should be used.

Metadata navigation, search and publishing

Metadata registries are frequently large and complex structures and require navigation, visualization and searching tools. Use of hierarchical viewing tools are frequently an essential part of a metadata registry system. Metadata publishing consists of making data element definitions and structures available to both people and other systems.

Examples of public metadata registries

* Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality- United States Health Information Knowledgebase (USHIK

* Apelon Medical Registr

* Australian Institute of Health and Welfar

* Dublin Core Metadata Registr

* Knowledge Network for Biocomplexit

* Cancer Data Standards Repositor

* Global Justice XML Data Model (GJXDM

* Minnesota Department of Education Metadata Registry (K-12 Dat

* National Information Exchange Mode

* NIST ebXML Registry for HL7 / HIMSS / IH

* Open Metadata Registry (formerly the

National Science Digital Library The United States' National Science Digital Library (NSDL) is an open-access online digital library and collaborative network of disciplinary and grade-level focused education providers operated by the Institute for the Study of Knowledge Managem ...

(NSDL) Metadata Registry

* Portal of Medical Data Models * US Department of Defense Metadata Registry (requires sponsored registration

* US Environmental Protection Agency - Environmental Data Registr

Metadata registry vendors / solutions

In alphabetical order:
a.k.a. software by Synercon

Aristotle Metadata Registry
( ISO/IEC 11179 metadata registry) - Aristotle Metadata Registry, Wikipedia page
ASG Rochade

Data Advantage Group MetaCenter

InfoLibrarian Metadata Integration Framework

Informatica Metadata Manager and Business Glossary
* Jumper 2.0 open-source

Enterprise 2.0 Web 2.0 (also known as participative (or participatory) web and social web) refers to websites that emphasize user-generated content, ease of use, participatory culture and interoperability (i.e., compatibility with other products, systems, and ...

metadata registry
Manta Tools

Masai Technologies M:GRIDMetadataWorks METADATA EXCHANGE

Oracle MDS

SAS Metadata Repository

SOA Software Semantics Manager

Software AG's webMethods OneData 11179-compliant, Metadata Registry

* ttp://ebxmlrr.sourceforge.net freebXML Registry, A royalty-free open source project implementing OASIS ebXML RegRep standard
Wellfeet Software's WellGEO RegREP product provides an integrated Registry and Repository specialized for Geographical and Semantic Information management

References

{{Citation style, date=June 2016 Open Forums on Metadata Registries, in reverse chronological order:
15th International Open Forum on Metadata Registries Meets at the TMF (2012 - Berlin, Germany)

11th International Forum on Metadata Registries (2008 - Sydney, Australia)

10th International Forum on Metadata Registries (2007 - NYC, USA)

9th International Forum on Metadata Registries (2006 - Kobe, Japan)

8th International Forum on Metadata Registries (2005 - Berlin, Germany)

* ttps://web.archive.org/web/20130126101115/http://www.metalounge.org/_literature_52579/Stephen_Machin_%E2%80%93_ON_METADATA_AND_METACONTENT On ISO 11179 versus ebXML (in "On metadata and metacontent") Metadata ISO/IEC 11179