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Level of invention (or ''degree of inventiveness'', or ''level of solution'', or ''rank of solution'', or ''rank of invention'') is a relative degree of changes to the previous
system A system is a group of interacting or interrelated elements that act according to a set of rules to form a unified whole. A system, surrounded and influenced by its environment, is described by its boundaries, structure and purpose and express ...
(or solution) in the result of solution of inventive problem (one containing a
contradiction In traditional logic, a contradiction occurs when a proposition conflicts either with itself or established fact. It is often used as a tool to detect disingenuous beliefs and bias. Illustrating a general tendency in applied logic, Aristotle's ...
). Term was defined and introduced by
TRIZ TRIZ (; russian: теория решения изобретательских задач, ', lit. "theory of inventive problem solving") is “the next evolutionary step in creating an organized and systematic approach to problem solving. The deve ...
author G. S. Altshuller. After initially reviewing 200,000 patent abstracts, Altshuller selected 40,000 as representatives of high level inventive solutions. The remainder involved direct improvements easily recognized within the specialty of the system. Altshuller separated the patents' different degrees of inventiveness into five levels: * Level 1 – Routine design problems solved by methods well known within the specialty. Usually no invention needed. :example: use of coal for writing * Level 2 – Minor improvements to an existing system using methods known within the industry. :example: graphite
pencil A pencil () is a writing or drawing implement with a solid pigment core in a protective casing that reduces the risk of core breakage, and keeps it from marking the user's hand. Pencils create marks by physical abrasion, leaving a trail ...
(wrapped coal stick) * Level 3 – Fundamental improvement to an existing system using methods known outside the industry. :example: ink
pen A pen is a common writing instrument that applies ink to a surface, usually paper, for writing or drawing. Early pens such as reed pens, quill pens, dip pens and ruling pens held a small amount of ink on a nib or in a small void or cavity wh ...
(ink instead of coal) * Level 4 – A new generation of a system that entails a new principle for performing the system's primary functions. Solutions are found more often in science than technology. :example:
printer Printer may refer to: Technology * Printer (publishing), a person or a company * Printer (computing), a hardware device * Optical printer for motion picture films People * Nariman Printer (fl. c. 1940), Indian journalist and activist * James ...
(another whole system for writing) * Level 5 – A rare scientific discovery or pioneering invention of an essentially new system. :example: electronic pen&paper (se
Anoto
These levels of invention are applied to solutions rather than problems requiring a system of solution. Also level of invention and the potential for innovation in any nation, geographical area or economic activity is as measurement in the concept of '' innovative capacity'' originally introduced by Prof. Suarez-Villa in 1990.


See also

*
Inventive step and non-obviousness The inventive step and non-obviousness reflect a general patentability requirement present in most patent laws, according to which an invention should be sufficiently inventive—i.e., non-obvious—in order to be patented. In other words, " heno ...
*
Novelty (patent) Novelty is a requirement for a patent claim to be patentable. An invention is not new and therefore not patentable if it was known to the public before the filing date of the patent application, or before its date of priority if the applicant cl ...


References


External links


Levels of Solutions
(with examples) By Kalevi Rantanen

Levels of Invention

By Sanjana Vijayakumar
Introduction of the Innovation Patent
Australian Government response to the Recommendations of the Advisory Council on Industrial Property (ACIP) Report "Review of the Petty Patent System"

by Luis Suarez-Villa
ideas21
– do You have an idea that can change the future? Engineering concepts Creativity Management TRIZ {{Measurement-stub