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A central business district (CBD) is the commercial and business centre of a city. It contains commercial space and offices, and in larger cities will often be described as a financial district. Geographically, it often coincides with the "
city centre A city centre is the commercial, cultural and often the historical, political, and geographic heart of a city. The term "city centre" is primarily used in British English, and closely equivalent terms exist in other languages, such as "" in Fren ...
" or " downtown". However, these concepts are not necessarily synonymous: many cities have a central ''business'' district located away from its commercial and or cultural centre and or downtown/city centre, and there may be multiple CBDs within a single urban area. The CBD will often be characterised by a high degree of accessibility as well as a large variety and concentration of specialised goods and services compared to other parts of the city. For instance, Midtown Manhattan,
New York City New York, often called New York City or NYC, is the List of United States cities by population, most populous city in the United States. With a 2020 population of 8,804,190 distributed over , New York City is also the L ...
, is the largest central business district in the city and in the United States.
London London is the capital and List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, largest city of England and the United Kingdom, with a population of just under 9 million. It stands on the River Thames in south-east England at the head of a estuary dow ...
's city centre is usually regarded as encompassing the historic
City of London The City of London is a city, ceremonial county and local government district that contains the historic centre and constitutes, alongside Canary Wharf, the primary central business district (CBD) of London. It constituted most of London f ...
and the medieval City of Westminster, while the
City of London The City of London is a city, ceremonial county and local government district that contains the historic centre and constitutes, alongside Canary Wharf, the primary central business district (CBD) of London. It constituted most of London f ...
and the transformed Docklands area containing
Canary Wharf Canary Wharf is an area of London, England, located near the Isle of Dogs in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets. Canary Wharf is defined by the Greater London Authority as being part of London's central business district, alongside Central Lon ...
are regarded as their two respective CBDs. In
Chicago (''City in a Garden''); I Will , image_map = , map_caption = Interactive Map of Chicago , coordinates = , coordinates_footnotes = , subdivision_type = List of sovereign states, Count ...
, the Chicago Loop is the second-largest central business district in the United States. It is also referred to as the core of the city's downtown.
Mexico City Mexico City ( es, link=no, Ciudad de México, ; abbr.: CDMX; Nahuatl: ''Altepetl Mexico'') is the capital and largest city of Mexico, and the most populous city in North America. One of the world's alpha cities, it is located in the Valley o ...
also has its own historic city centre, the colonial-era "Centro Histórico," along with two CBDs: the mid-late 20th century Paseo de la Reforma
Polanco Polanco is a Spanish name shared by people and places in Mexico, Spain and other countries, including: Places * Polanco, Mexico City, an upscale neighborhood of Mexico City ** Polanco metro station, a station of the Mexico City Metro that serves th ...
, and the new Santa Fe, respectively.
Moscow Moscow ( , US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the capital and largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 million ...
and
Russia Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-ei ...
's largest central business district is the Moscow International Business Center. The shape and type of a CBD almost always closely reflect the city's history. Cities with strong
preservation Preservation may refer to: Heritage and conservation * Preservation (library and archival science), activities aimed at prolonging the life of a record while making as few changes as possible * ''Preservation'' (magazine), published by the Nat ...
laws and maximum building height restrictions to retain the character of the historic and cultural core will have a CBD quite a distance from the city centre. This practice is quite common for European cities such as
Paris Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. Si ...
,
Moscow Moscow ( , US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the capital and largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 million ...
, Vienna, Prague or
Budapest Budapest (, ; ) is the capital and most populous city of Hungary. It is the ninth-largest city in the European Union by population within city limits and the second-largest city on the Danube river; the city has an estimated population o ...
. In cities in the New World that grew quickly after the invention of modern transportation such as
road A road is a linear way for the conveyance of traffic that mostly has an improved surface for use by vehicles (motorized and non-motorized) and pedestrians. Unlike streets, the main function of roads is transportation. There are many types o ...
or rail, a single central area or downtown will often contain most of the region's tallest buildings and act both as the CBD and the commercial and cultural city centre. Increasing urbanization in the 21st century have developed
megacities A megacity is a very large city, typically with a population of more than 10 million people. Precise definitions vary: the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs in its 2018 "World Urbanization Prospects" report counted u ...
, particularly in
Asia Asia (, ) is one of the world's most notable geographical regions, which is either considered a continent in its own right or a subcontinent of Eurasia, which shares the continental landmass of Afro-Eurasia with Africa. Asia covers an are ...
, that will often have multiple CBDs scattered across the urban area. It has been said that downtowns (as understood in North America) are therefore conceptually distinct from both CBDs and city centres. Although no two CBDs look alike in terms of their spatial shape, however, certain geometric patterns in these areas are recurring throughout many cities due to the nature of a
centralized Centralisation or centralization (see spelling differences) is the process by which the activities of an organisation, particularly those regarding planning and decision-making, framing strategy and policies become concentrated within a particu ...
commercial and industrial activities.


Australia

Melbourne and Sydney, Australia's two most populated cities, both have large CBDs. File:Sydney City Business District.jpg, Sydney central business district File:Melbourne skyline - cropped and contrast.jpg, Melbourne central business district File:Skylines of Brisbane CBD in June 2019 seen from Paddington, Queensland (cut).jpg, Brisbane central business district File:Perth (AU), View from Kings Park -- 2019 -- 0435-42.jpg,
Perth central business district Perth is the capital and largest city of the Australian state of Western Australia. It is the fourth most populous city in Australia and Oceania, with a population of 2.1 million (80% of the state) living in Greater Perth in 2020. Perth i ...
File:Adelaide city centre view.jpg,
Adelaide central business district Adelaide city centre (Kaurna: Tarndanya) is the inner city locality of Greater Adelaide, the capital city of South Australia. It is known by locals simply as "the City" or "Town" to distinguish it from Greater Adelaide and from the City of Ade ...
File:City landscape of Darwin, Northern Territory.jpg, Darwin central business district


Brazil

São Paulo São Paulo (, ; Portuguese for ' Saint Paul') is the most populous city in Brazil, and is the capital of the state of São Paulo, the most populous and wealthiest Brazilian state, located in the country's Southeast Region. Listed by the GaW ...
is a multipolar city, with several business districts. Avenida Faria Lima and the neighboring districts, Itaim Bibi and Vila Olímpia, now concentrate a large part of the financial activities in São Paulo and in Brazil. Avenida Paulista and nearby streets is a well-established financial centre that has several banking offices and corporate headquarters, as well as hospitals. The region comprising Avenidas Berrini, Doutor Chucri Zaidan, and Nações Unidas, the city's newest commercial district, has offices of multinational companies and also commercial services. In
Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro ( , , ; literally 'River of January'), or simply Rio, is the capital of the state of the same name, Brazil's third-most populous state, and the second-most populous city in Brazil, after São Paulo. Listed by the GaWC as a b ...
, Brazil's second largest city, the main business district still is in downtown, where
Petrobrás Petróleo Brasileiro S.A., better known by the portmanteau Petrobras (), is a state-owned Brazilian multinational corporation in the petroleum industry headquartered in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The company's name translates to Brazilian Pe ...
and Vale headquarters are located, but there is a concentration of business in
Botafogo Botafogo (local/standard alternative Brazilian Portuguese pronunciation: ) is a beachfront neighborhood (''bairro'') in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is a mostly upper middle class and small commerce community, and is located between the hills o ...
harbor and in Barra da Tijuca, a newer Rio de Janeiro suburb located in city's west region.


Colombia

The largest CBD in Colombia is Bogotá's ''Centro Internacional'', where some of the tallest buildings in South America have been repurposed as national headquarters for Scotiabank Colpatria, Davivienda and Bancolombia, among others. Over the years, Bogotá has developed minor business districts, which include ''Avenida Chile'', ''Ciudad Salitre'', with companies like Avianca,
Rappi Rappi is a Colombian multivertical company headquartered in Bogotá, Colombia, and with main offices in São Paulo and Mexico City. It was founded in 2015 by Simón Borrero, Sebastian Mejía, Felipe Villamarín and Guillermo Plaza. History Ra ...
, Johnson & Johnson, Terpel, Hilton, Hyatt,
Marriott Marriott may refer to: People *Marriott (surname) Corporations * Marriott Corporation, founded as Hot Shoppes, Inc. in 1927; split into Marriott International and Host Marriott Corporation in 1993 * Marriott International, international hot ...
, Sheraton, Ramada,
City Express City Express (french: Cité Express), also known as Air Atonabee Ltd., was an airline based in Ontario, Canada, from 1971 to 1991, which operated passenger services in eastern Canada and the northeastern United States. History City Express wa ...
, Aloft and Novotel; or ''Complejo Santa Bárbara'', the last of which features the only W Hotel in the city. Colombia's other notable CBDs include ''Parque Berrío'' in Medellín, ''
Bocagrande Bocagrande is a neighbourhood in the city of Cartagena de Indias in Bolívar, Colombia. It was designed with first-world standards, such as residential areas of restricted access, and a separate plant for processing waste water. Economy and c ...
'' in Cartagena (the largest touristic CBD in the country) and ''Paseo de Bolívar'' in Barranquilla. File:Baluarte de Santiago CTG 11 2019 2137.jpg, ''
Bocagrande Bocagrande is a neighbourhood in the city of Cartagena de Indias in Bolívar, Colombia. It was designed with first-world standards, such as residential areas of restricted access, and a separate plant for processing waste water. Economy and c ...
'' in Cartagena, the largest CBD in Colombia's Caribbean Region File:Iglesia de Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria.JPG, ''Parque Berrío'' in Medellín, the second largest CBD in Colombia File:Torre de Cali (1).JPG, '' Cali's Downtown'' it is the largest CBD in Colombia's Pacific Region File:Edificio North Point Bogotá , Cund.jpeg, '' North Point'' CBD in Bogotá, the third largest in the city. File:Grand Bay Club.jpg, ''Grand Bay Club'' in Barranquilla, the second largest CBD in the city


France

La Défense, west of
Paris Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. Si ...
, is
France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pac ...
's largest central business district. La Défense was in 2017 ranked as the leading CBD in continental Europe, and the fourth in the world. La Défense hosts 19 of the world's biggest 500 companies, whilst the
Paris region Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. ...
as a whole hosts 29 of the world's 500 largest companies, establishing itself as the first city in Europe (and 3rd worldwide) for the number of companies classified in ''
Fortune Fortune may refer to: General * Fortuna or Fortune, the Roman goddess of luck * Luck * Wealth * Fortune, a prediction made in fortune-telling * Fortune, in a fortune cookie Arts and entertainment Film and television * ''The Fortune'' (1931 film) ...
'' Fortune Global 500.


Germany

In
Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwee ...
, the terms ''Innenstadt'' and ''Stadtzentrum'' may be used to describe the central business district. Both terms can be literally translated as " inner city"/"city centre". Some of the larger cities have more than one central business district. For example,
Berlin Berlin ( , ) is the capital and largest city of Germany by both area and population. Its 3.7 million inhabitants make it the European Union's most populous city, according to population within city limits. One of Germany's sixteen constitu ...
alone has three. Due to Berlin's history of division during the
Cold War The Cold War is a term commonly used to refer to a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies, the Western Bloc and the Eastern Bloc. The term '' cold war'' is used because t ...
, the city contains central business districts both in West ( Kurfürstendamm) and East Berlin ( Alexanderplatz), as well as a newly built business district near the Potsdamer Platz. The city's historic centre – home to the Reichstag building, as well as the Brandenburg gate and most federal ministries – was largely abandoned when the Berlin Wall cut through the area. Only after the reunification with the redevelopment of Potsdamer Platz, and the construction of numerous shopping centres, government ministries, embassies, office buildings and entertainment venues, was the area revived. In Frankfurt am Main's city centre, there is a business district called the " Bankenviertel." In
Düsseldorf Düsseldorf ( , , ; often in English sources; Low Franconian and Ripuarian: ''Düsseldörp'' ; archaic nl, Dusseldorp ) is the capital city of North Rhine-Westphalia, the most populous state of Germany. It is the second-largest city in ...
, there is a business district which is located around the famous High-Street Königsallee with banks, shops and offices.


India

File:Skyscrapers connaught place New Delhi.JPG, Connaught Place,
New Delhi New Delhi (, , ''Naī Dillī'') is the capital of India and a part of the National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCT). New Delhi is the seat of all three branches of the government of India, hosting the Rashtrapati Bhavan, Parliament Hous ...
File:Mumbai skyline.jpg, Nariman Point,
Mumbai Mumbai (, ; also known as Bombay — the official name until 1995) is the capital city of the Indian state of Maharashtra and the ''de facto'' financial centre of India. According to the United Nations, as of 2018, Mumbai is the secon ...
File:Gomti nagar, Lucknow.jpg, Gomti Nagar,
Lucknow Lucknow (, ) is the capital and the largest city of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh and it is also the second largest urban agglomeration in Uttar Pradesh. Lucknow is the administrative headquarters of the eponymous district and divis ...
India's largest and famous CBD is The Bandra Kurla Complex in
Mumbai Mumbai (, ; also known as Bombay — the official name until 1995) is the capital city of the Indian state of Maharashtra and the ''de facto'' financial centre of India. According to the United Nations, as of 2018, Mumbai is the secon ...
. And in the same city
Mumbai Mumbai (, ; also known as Bombay — the official name until 1995) is the capital city of the Indian state of Maharashtra and the ''de facto'' financial centre of India. According to the United Nations, as of 2018, Mumbai is the secon ...
itself there is Nariman Point, which is another CBD including
andheri Andheri ( �n̪d̪ʱeɾiː is a locality in the western part of the city of Mumbai in India. Udayanagari, the name of a hill near the Mahakali caves, inspired the name Andheri. On the former islet of Versova, also known as Vasave, there was an ...
and Parel. In
India India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, seventh-largest country by area, the List of countries and dependencies by population, second-most populous ...
CBDs are often also referred as "City Centre" or elsewhere "Downtown". In
Delhi Delhi, officially the National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi, is a city and a union territory of India containing New Delhi, the capital of India. Straddling the Yamuna river, primarily its western or right bank, Delhi shares borders w ...
or
New Delhi New Delhi (, , ''Naī Dillī'') is the capital of India and a part of the National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCT). New Delhi is the seat of all three branches of the government of India, hosting the Rashtrapati Bhavan, Parliament Hous ...
Connaught Place is the CBD of the city. Parry's Corner and Nungambakkam are among the main CBDs of Chennai. Bangalore has the four famous business district which are
UB City UB City is a luxury business district in Bengaluru, India. It consists of 6 blocks, UB Tower, Kingfisher Plaza, Concorde, Canberra, Comet, and Kingfisher Towers, with a total built up area of over 16 lakh sq ft. Pioneered by the UB Group in Joi ...
, Brigade Gateway, Koramangala,
Indiranagar Indiranagar is a medium-sized neighbourhood in east Bangalore, Karnataka, India. A cosmopolitan locality, Indiranagar is one of the most expensive neighbourhoods in Bangalore. History Indiranagar was formed as a BDA layout in the late 1970s, ...
and Electronic City.
Lucknow Lucknow (, ) is the capital and the largest city of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh and it is also the second largest urban agglomeration in Uttar Pradesh. Lucknow is the administrative headquarters of the eponymous district and divis ...
has mainly 3 business district which includes the famous Hazratganj Market, Gomti Nagar Extension (the extented area of Gomti Nagar) and Aminabad in old Lucknow. Hyderabad and
Kolkata Kolkata (, or , ; also known as Calcutta , the official name until 2001) is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal, on the eastern bank of the Hooghly River west of the border with Bangladesh. It is the primary business, comme ...
also have many central business districts.


Indonesia

The largest CBD in Indonesia is known as the
Golden Triangle Golden Triangle may refer to: Places Asia * Golden Triangle (Southeast Asia), named for its opium production * Golden Triangle (Yangtze), China, named for its rapid economic development * Golden Triangle (India), comprising the popular tourist ...
(''Segitiga Emas'' in Indonesian language) in Jakarta. The area is located along the main avenues of Jakarta, Jalan Jenderal Sudirman
Jalan M.H. Thamrin Jalan M.H. Thamrin or Jalan Thamrin (M.H. Thamrin Road or Thamrin Road) is a major thoroughfare in Jakarta, Indonesia. The road is located at the center of Jakarta, running from the north end of Jalan Jenderal Sudirman at West Flood Canal at the ...
-
Jalan H.R. Rasuna Said Jalan H.R. Rasuna Said or Jalan Rasuna Said is one of the main avenues of Jakarta, Indonesia. It was constructed during the 1970s. It is located in the Golden Triangle of Jakarta. The road was named after Hajjah Rangkayo Rasuna Said, a National ...
Jalan Prof. Dr. Satrio Jalan Prof. Dr. Satrio or ''Jalan Satrio'' is one of main streets of Jakarta, Indonesia. The road has many important commercial buildings and shopping centers. It is named after former Minister for Health of Indonesia, Major General (Ret.) Pr ...
Jalan Jenderal Gatot Subroto.
Sudirman Central Business District Sudirman Central Business District or SCBD is a business district with an integrated mixed use development concept, located in South Jakarta, Indonesia, consisting of condominiums, office buildings, hotels, shopping and entertainment centers. The ...
, a super block that is located within the Golden Triangle, is the first of its kind in Indonesia, and one of the largest commercial centre development in the city. Jakarta started developing the sophistication of its Business District in the early 1960s before to host the Asian Games in 1962.
Surabaya Surabaya ( jv, ꦱꦸꦫꦧꦪ or jv, ꦯꦹꦫꦨꦪ; ; ) is the capital city of the Indonesian province of East Java and the second-largest city in Indonesia, after Jakarta. Located on the northeastern border of Java island, on the M ...
in
East Java East Java ( id, Jawa Timur) is a province of Indonesia located in the easternmost hemisphere of Java island. It has a land border only with the province of Central Java to the west; the Java Sea and the Indian Ocean border its northern and ...
, built its first central business district in the Darmo region. The construction was expected to be completed by 2018 with 150 SOHO units and 500 residences. File:Jakarta CBD.jpg, Jakarta CBD seen from south Jakarta File:Western_Surabaya_at_dusk_(late_2015).jpg, Tunjungan skyline
Surabaya Surabaya ( jv, ꦱꦸꦫꦧꦪ or jv, ꦯꦹꦫꦨꦪ; ; ) is the capital city of the Indonesian province of East Java and the second-largest city in Indonesia, after Jakarta. Located on the northeastern border of Java island, on the M ...


Japan

* Fukuoka
Chūō-ku, Fukuoka is one of the seven wards of Fukuoka city in Japan. The ward is located in the center of the city. It includes Tenjin and Daimyō which are among the largest downtown areas in Kyūshū, Nagahama, which is known for its fish market, and Ōh ...
) * HiroshimaNaka-ku, Hiroshima) * Kobe
Chūō-ku, Kobe is one of 9 wards of Kobe, Japan. It has an area of 28.46 km², and a population of 127,602 with 74,814 households as of January 31, 2012. The ward was formed from the 1980 merger of the former Fukiai-ku () and Ikuta-ku (). The Consul ...
) *
Kyoto Kyoto (; Japanese: , ''Kyōto'' ), officially , is the capital city of Kyoto Prefecture in Japan. Located in the Kansai region on the island of Honshu, Kyoto forms a part of the Keihanshin metropolitan area along with Osaka and Kobe. , the c ...
Nakagyō-ku, Kyoto is one of the eleven wards in the city of Kyoto, in Kyoto Prefecture, Japan. Its name means "central capital ward." As of 2021, the ward has an estimated population of 109,629 people. Tourism, shopping, and entertainment are the primary so ...
) * NagoyaNaka-ku, Nagoya,
Nakamura-ku, Nagoya is one of the 16 wards of Nagoya, Japan. As of October 1, 2019, the ward has an estimated population of 135,134 and a population density of 8,290 persons per km². The total area is 16.30 km². History Nakamura Ward is famous as the birth ...
) *
Osaka is a designated city in the Kansai region of Honshu in Japan. It is the capital of and most populous city in Osaka Prefecture, and the third most populous city in Japan, following Special wards of Tokyo and Yokohama. With a population of ...
Chūō-ku, Osaka, Kita-ku, Osaka) * SapporoChūō-ku, Sapporo) * SendaiAoba-ku, Sendai) *
Tokyo Tokyo (; ja, 東京, , ), officially the Tokyo Metropolis ( ja, 東京都, label=none, ), is the capital and largest city of Japan. Formerly known as Edo, its metropolitan area () is the most populous in the world, with an estimated 37.46 ...
Special wards of Tokyo) * YokohamaNaka-ku, Yokohama File:View from Fukuoka Tower at Blue Hour.jpg, FukuokaTenjin) File:Hiroshima skyline.jpg, HiroshimaHondōri) File:Kobe Kobe Port Tower Panoaramablick 03.jpg, KobeSannomiya) File:Kyoto Skylines from Shōren-in03.jpg,
Kyoto Kyoto (; Japanese: , ''Kyōto'' ), officially , is the capital city of Kyoto Prefecture in Japan. Located in the Kansai region on the island of Honshu, Kyoto forms a part of the Keihanshin metropolitan area along with Osaka and Kobe. , the c ...
Shijō Karasuma) File:Sakae night.jpg, NagoyaSakae) File:Meieki from Heiwa Park Aqua Tower.jpg, Nagoya
Meieki is a major railway station in Nakamura-ku, Nagoya, Japan. It is one of the world's largest train stations by floor area (410,000 m2), and houses the headquarters of the Central Japan Railway Company (JR Central). Much of this space is located i ...
) File:Viewed from the Nakanoshima Festival Tower in 201510 001.JPG,
Osaka is a designated city in the Kansai region of Honshu in Japan. It is the capital of and most populous city in Osaka Prefecture, and the third most populous city in Japan, following Special wards of Tokyo and Yokohama. With a population of ...
Hommachi) File:Osaka Umeda Sky Building Panoramablick 05.jpg,
Osaka is a designated city in the Kansai region of Honshu in Japan. It is the capital of and most populous city in Osaka Prefecture, and the third most populous city in Japan, following Special wards of Tokyo and Yokohama. With a population of ...
Umeda is a major commercial, business, shopping and entertainment district in Kita-ku, Osaka, Japan, and the city's main northern railway terminus (Ōsaka Station, Umeda Station). The district's name means "plum field". History Umeda was historical ...
) File:SapporoCity CBD.jpg, SapporoSusukino) File:DownTown of SendaiCity02.jpg, SendaiIchibanchō) File:六本木之丘天空甲板 (16017557537).jpg,
Tokyo Tokyo (; ja, 東京, , ), officially the Tokyo Metropolis ( ja, 東京都, label=none, ), is the capital and largest city of Japan. Formerly known as Edo, its metropolitan area () is the most populous in the world, with an estimated 37.46 ...
Chiyoda) File:Tokyo Skyline20210123.jpg,
Tokyo Tokyo (; ja, 東京, , ), officially the Tokyo Metropolis ( ja, 東京都, label=none, ), is the capital and largest city of Japan. Formerly known as Edo, its metropolitan area () is the most populous in the world, with an estimated 37.46 ...
Shinjuku) File:Akasaka skyline 201806.jpg,
Tokyo Tokyo (; ja, 東京, , ), officially the Tokyo Metropolis ( ja, 東京都, label=none, ), is the capital and largest city of Japan. Formerly known as Edo, its metropolitan area () is the most populous in the world, with an estimated 37.46 ...
Minato Minato (港 or 湊) is Japanese for 'harbor', and may refer to: Places * Minato, Tokyo or Minato City, a special ward in Tokyo, Japan * Minato-ku, Nagoya, a ward of Nagoya, Japan * Minato-ku, Osaka, a ward of Osaka, Japan * Minato (湊), a neig ...
) File:Yokohama Marine Tower (view from) 04.JPG, Yokohama
Kannai is a district in Naka Ward, Yokohama, Japan, bounded by the Ōoka River, JR Negishi Line, Nakamura River, and Yokohama waterfront. "Kannai" is not an official name of the area, but the common term of reference has been in use for over a century ...


Pakistan

Pakistan established its first Central Business District by the name of "Lahore Central Business District" also known as Central Business District Punjab (CBD Punjab) was established by an ACT of Parliament (LCBDDA Act, 2021) in February 2021. The authority was established to create Pakistan’s first Central Business District in Lahore, Punjab. CBD Punjab is a fully autonomous body focused at wealth generation and job creation. LCBDDA is a listed authority in Government of Punjab Rules of business approved by the cabinet. LCBDDA is now known as Punjab Central Business District Development Authority (PCBDDA), after the Authority's scope was expanded to the entirety of Punjab. CBD Punjab have recently launched and successfully sold Lahore's first Planned Downton along with other premium properties such as "Lahore Prime" CBD Punjab is fast becoming a hub of investment and a magnet for big brands in Pakistan. In Pakistan, a central business district or a large, concentrated urban setting within a settlement is called a ''shehar''. Karachi is Pakistan's largest city and the country's economic hub; the
I. I. Chundrigar Road I. I. Chundrigar Road ( ur, ), previously known as McLeod Road, is a road located in central business district of Karachi, Pakistan, and is named after former Pakistani Prime Minister Ibrahim Ismail Chundrigar. The road serves as the spine o ...
of the city, often called the "Wall Street of Pakistan," acts as Karachi's main financial district and is essentially a centre of economic and industrial activity. Shahra-e-Faisal in Karachi is also one of the most important business districts of Pakistan. Another important business district is Gulberg, Lahore. It has a large number of important office buildings as well as many high-rises and shopping malls. City Towers, The Pace Tower, M.M Alam road, Vogue Towers, Park Plaza Hotel, Tricon Tower, MM Tower, Boulevard Heights, and Ali Trade Centre, respectively, are all present in this area. Ferozepur Road is also central business district of Lahore. It is served by Lahore bus rapid transit. Kayre International Hotel, and Arfa Software Technology Park are also present on Ferozepur Road. Jinnah Avenue in Islamabad is the main business district of the city. It is lined with numerous office buildings. Blue Area is the central business district of Islamabad. The Rawalpindi-Islamabad Metrobus Service is bus rapid transit system that is currently under-construction and will serve these business districts which will connect them to key city areas in Rawalpindi and Islamabad D Ground is the central business district of Faisalabad and Saddar, Rawalpindi, Saddar is the main central business district of Rawalpindi.


Peru

In Peru the central business district is San Isidro, Peru, San Isidro, in Lima, which hosts the majority of Peru's financial industry headquarters. Although still a largely residential district, the commercial and business activity located in or in the vicinity of the area defined by avenues Camino Real, Javier Prado Este, República de Panamá and Aramburú is highly regarded as Peru's financial and corporate heart. It has a permanent population of around 63,000 inhabitants and, during weekday business hours, a floating population that exceeds 700,000 daily commuters from other districts of Lima. San Isidro, Peru, San Isidro is served by three stations of El Metropolitano, Lima's bus rapid transit system: Estación Javier Prado, Estación Canaval y Moreyra (with over 16,000 daily passengers) and Estación Aramburú. Since the late 2000s (decade), the southeastern district of Surco has experienced a significant increase in upscale corporate developments in the area comprised by avenues Manuel Holguín, El Derby, El Polo, and La Encalada due to lower restrictions to grant construction permit and proximity to residential middle and upper class districts and is set to become, after traditional San Isidro, Peru, San Isidro and Miraflores District, Lima, Miraflores, the new financial centre of Lima.


Philippines

File:Clark Global City Skyline.jpg, Clark Global City File:Bonifacio Global City - skyline (view from Pioneer) (Taguig and Makati)(2018-04-24) cropped.jpg, Bonifacio Global City File:Makati Skyline from Skyway.jpg, Makati Central Business District File:Ortigas at Night - Flickr.jpg, Ortigas Center


Poland

File:Panorama siekierkowski.jpg, business centre in Warsaw File:POL Katowice - Skyscrapers in Katowice.jpg, business centre in Katowice In Poland, the terms ''śródmieście'' or ''centrum'' may be used to describe the central business district.


Russia

File:Business Centre of Moscow 2.jpg, Moscow International Business Center, MIBC in
Moscow Moscow ( , US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the capital and largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 million ...
is one of the largest financial centres in Europe and the world—featuring some of List of tallest buildings in Europe, Europe's tallest skyscrapers. File:E-burg asv2019-05 img46 view from VysotSky.jpg, Yekaterinburg-City in Yekaterinburg is the second-largest central business district in Russia.
The largest central business district in
Russia Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-ei ...
is the Moscow International Business Center (MIBC) in
Moscow Moscow ( , US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the capital and largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 million ...
—a commercial development located just east of the Third Ring Road (Moscow), Third Ring Road at the western edge of the Presnensky District in the Central Administrative Okrug of the city. As of 2021, it is still under development. The construction of the MIBC takes place on the Presnenskaya Embankment of the Moskva (river), Moskva River, approximately 4 kilometers (2.5 mi) west of Red Square, overlooked by the Third Ring Road. The project occupies an area of 60 hectares. The second-largest central business district is Yekaterinburg-City in Yekaterinburg, the List of cities and towns in Russia by population, fourth-largest city in the country. It is located on the Iset (river), Iset River, and is under development as of 2021. The area occupies five hectares.


Saudi Arabia

Saudi Arabia's capital city is Riyadh. Riyadh has several business districts. Here business districts are: * King Abdullah Financial District * King Abdullah Economic City File:The king Abdullah Financial District..JPG File:King fahad olaya-road Riyadh.jpg


Hong Kong

Traditionally, the Central Business District "CBD" of Hong Kong is Central, Hong Kong, Central, where many multinational Financial institution, financial services corporations have their headquarters in. Consulates general and consulates of many countries are also located in this area, as is Government Hill, the site of the government headquarters. In some cases, areas nearby Central (Sheung Wan, Admiralty, Hong Kong, Admiralty, Wan Chai and Causeway Bay) and Quarry Bay (Taikoo place) and Tsim Sha Tsui are also regarded as major business districts of Hong Kong, while Kwun Tong in Kowloon East is the CBD2 of Hong Kong. File:Hong Kong Island Skyline 2009.jpg, Central, Hong Kong, Central and Admiralty, Hong Kong, Admiralty File:Vista del Puerto de Victoria desde Sky100, Hong Kong, 2013-08-09, DD 10.JPG, Tsim Sha Tsui File:Wan Chai Overview 2008.jpg, Wan Chai File:Kwun Tong Dusk View 201407.jpg, Kwun Tong


Singapore

The area commonly called the "CBD" is located within the Downtown Core, one of the constituent Planning Areas of Singapore, planning areas of the Central Area, Singapore, Central Area, the country's
city centre A city centre is the commercial, cultural and often the historical, political, and geographic heart of a city. The term "city centre" is primarily used in British English, and closely equivalent terms exist in other languages, such as "" in Fren ...
. Its densest point is centred around Raffles Place, where most of Singapore's skyscrapers are located. The "CBD" term has also been used at times to refer to the Central Area as a whole. Singapore's CBD is also the historic heart of the city-state this makes it a mix of a tourist attraction and a business centre. There are many HQs of (international) companies, but also the campus of the Singapore Management University and numerous historical buildings and museums are located in the CBD. In the future, the Singaporean government will redevelop Jurong East into a secondary satellite CBD. The area has also been earmarked as the site of the rail terminus for the Kuala Lumpur–Singapore High Speed Rail.


South Africa

South Africa's largest cities, namely Cape Town, Durban, Johannesburg, Pretoria, and Port Elizabeth, have CBDs which house the headquarters of many of the country's largest companies as well as convention centres and the respective cities' tallest buildings. Cape Town is renowned for having South Africa's most iconic skyline (including the famous Table Mountain) and CBD. The term CBD is used in formal contexts, such as news reports, however, the term ''town'' is used colloquially.


South Korea

Seoul is made up of three main central business district. The historical area inside the Fortress Wall of Seoul in the Jongno District, Jongno and Jung District, Seoul, Jung districts was until the 1980s Seoul's undisputed economic heart, and still retains many corporate headquarters, and is also where most political institutions are located. It is also the most popular area for tourists and is arguably Seoul's main commercial district. While the district has a high density of high rises, the tallest building only reaches a height of 160m (SK Building), due to historic preservation regulation. The second main district, in the South East part of town, is the Gangnam District. This area was mostly developed in the 1980s, and is now the most affluent neighborhood in Seoul, and has the greatest concentration of company HQs and offices in Seoul, especially along Teheran-ro, Teheran Avenue. It's also a major commercial hub, with Gangnam Avenue and Yeondong Avenue (with its COEX mall) being major thoroughfares. Among the tallest building in Gangnam are the Tower Palace One (residential complex), Trade Tower, Gangnam Finance Center and Parnas Tower. While technically in Seocho District, the Samsung Town is also located in the Gangnam Business District. Seoul's third business district is the island of Yeouido, located in the central part of the city, in the Yeongdeungpo District. Yeouido was initially developed in the 1970s, but since the 1990s, it has become Seoul's financial centre. While smaller in size that the other business districts, it has some of Seoul's tallest skyscrapers, including Parc1 Tower, International Finance Center Seoul and the 63 Building. Apart from finance, Yeouido is also the location for the National Assembly of South Korea, and also hosts many media companies and political institutions. Seoul being a multi-central city, there are also a few other areas which have become important business districts in the past decades, such as the Jamsil-dong, Jamsil area, with its 555-meter tall Lotte World Tower, Guro-dong, Guro Digital Complex, Gasan-dong, Gasan Digital Complex, the Magok Business District, the Sangam-dong, Sangam Digital Media City, the Munjeong-dong, Munjeong Administrative Town or along Mapo Avenue. Lastly, the area near Yongsan Station, including the proposed Yongsan International Business District has the potential to become another major commercial district, in synergy with nearby Yeouido. In Busan, South Korea's second largest city, the central business district is located along the main Jungang Avenue axis, starting around the commercial area of Seomyeon Station, then South to the Busan International Finance Center in Munhyeon-dong, the area near Busan Station and in Jungang-dong, Busan, Jungang-dong where many corporate offices are located. Recently, a second major business district has emerged in Centum City, in the Haeundae District. File:Yoon Dongju 19 (7869936998).jpg, Seoul(Jongno) File:Seoul Tower View.jpg, Seoul(Gangnam District, Gangnam) File:Yeouido, Seoul.jpg, Seoul (Yeouido) File:Busan Haeundae Centum City.jpg, Busan (Haeundae District, Haeundae) File:BusanMunHyeon-dong.jpg, Busan (Busanjin District, Seomyeon)


Spain

File:AZCA.c.m.2.jpg, AZCA and Cuatro Torres Business Area, CTBA business districts in Madrid File:Central business district of Barcelona (2).JPG, 22@ district in Barcelona File:Valencia XXI.jpg, business district in Valencia The biggest central business districts of Spain are located in the country's capital, Madrid. The Paseo de la Castellana holds the city's main business districts: the Gate of Europe, AZCA and Cuatro Torres Business Area, CTBA. AZCA is super block near Real Madrid C.F., Real Madrid's stadium Santiago Bernabéu Stadium, Santiago Bernabéu. It used to be the country's main business area during the 1980s and 1990s, when most of its skyscrapers were built. The tallest building of AZCA is the Torre Picasso, a 158-tower designed by the World Trade Center (1973–2001), World Trade Center's architect, and contains the main offices in Spain of Google and Deloitte. The Gate of Europe consists of two twin towers, which hold Spanish bank Bankia and real state company Realia. Just a few blocks north is the CTBA, a complex of four skyscrapers which are the tallest in Spain. Architects such as Norman Foster, Baron Foster of Thames Bank, Norman Foster, Ieoh Ming Pei and Cesar Pelli have designed its towers, which were completed in 2008. The tallest building, the Torre de Cristal, is the fourth tallest building is Western Europe, with a height of . The complex is home to offices from well known companies such as KPMG, Coca-Cola, Volkswagen, Bankia, Cepsa, Pwc, Obrascón Huarte Lain, OHL and holds the embassies of the Netherlands, United Kingdom, Canada and Australia, as well as a 5-star hotel from Eurostars Hotels, Eurostars. A fifth tower is currently being built and will have the campus of the Instituto de Empresa university. In Barcelona, the 22@, Gran Via (Barcelona), Gran Via, and Granvia l'Hospitalet are the main business districts. Despite the fact that the Catalan capital does not have a reputation for skyscrapers and financial hubs, in recent years it has attracted several media and technology companies such as Microsoft and Yahoo!. In 2005, the Torre Agbar, designed by French architect Jean Nouvel, became the third-tallest building in the city with a height of . The building soon became a symbol of Barcelona and was going to become a Hyatt hotel. However, the tower is still empty due to administrative problems.


Taiwan

File:Taipei Skyline 2022.06.29.jpg, Taipei's CBD skyline, with Taipei 101 in the background(Xinyi Special District). File:2019 Wugu Interchange of Freeway 1 (Taiwan).jpg, Xinzhuang Sub-city Center with Sanchong District, Sanchong and Wugu District, Wugu File:New_Taipei_Skyline_2018.jpg, Xinban Special District, Banqiao District, Banqiao, New Taipei File:Taichung skyline.png, Taichung's 7th Redevelopment Zone is the main CBD of Taichung. File:Downtown Kaohsiung Skyline 20211017.jpg, Kaohsiung (Asia New Bay Area) In Taiwan, even though the term "city centre" () is often used, a different commercial district outside of the historic core can actually be typically called a "CBD" (), "Financial District" (), or "Yolk area" (), all of which are frequently used terms. There are many central business districts located in the country of Taiwan. In Taipei, the capital city of Taiwan, the area around its Taipei Station, main railway station, i.e. Zhongzheng District is regarded as its historic city centre. It is home to most of the national government buildings of the Taiwan, Republic of China (Taiwan), including the Presidential Office Building, Taipei, Presidential Office, the Executive Yuan, the Control Yuan, the Legislative Yuan, the Judicial Yuan and various government ministries. It has the first skyscraper in Taipei, The second main district, in the central part of city, is the Xinyi Special District. This area was mostly developed in the 1990s, and has emerged to become Taipei's financial, political, and commercial centre, with the greatest concentration of company HQs and offices in Taipei, and being the foremost shopping area. It is the location of Taipei's tallest skyscrapers, including the -tall Taipei 101, Taipei Nan Shan Plaza and Fubon Xinyi A25. Taipei's third business district is Nangang District, Taipei, Nangang District, which is located in the southeastern part of the city. Nangang was initially developed in the 2000s and is the seat of the Academia Sinica, Taipei World Trade Center Nangang Exhibition Hall, and Nankang Software Park (NKSP). Greater Taipei being a multi-central metropolitan area, there are also a few other areas which have become important business districts in the past decades, such as Daan District, Taipei, Daan District, Banqiao District and Neihu District. Lastly, Xinzhuang Sub-city Center has the potential to become another major commercial district, in synergy with nearby Sanchong District and Wugu District. In Taichung, Taiwan's second largest city, the central business district is located in Taichung's 7th Redevelopment Zone. It features broad and widely spaced boulevards, attractive apartments, department stores, and office towers, which are brightly lit at night. In Kaohsiung, Taiwan's harbor city, the central business district is located in Asia New Bay Area, which is home to the city's tallest skyscrapers - 85 Sky Tower and Farglory THE ONE and the largest sea port in Taiwan - Port of Kaohsiung.


Turkey

Ankara became the capital of Turkey in the 1920s. Istanbul has remained the main economic centre of the country up to this day. Ankara is called as "officer city". Currently, a Central Business District is planned in an area of 262 hectares in Varlık, Altındağ.colo


See also

* Business improvement district * City centre * Downtown * List of central business districts * Main Street


References

{{Authority control Central business districts, City Neighbourhoods