Abdominal hair is the
hair that grows on the
abdomen
The abdomen (colloquially called the belly, tummy, midriff, tucky or stomach) is the part of the body between the thorax (chest) and pelvis, in humans and in other vertebrates. The abdomen is the front part of the abdominal segment of the to ...
of humans and non-human
mammals
Mammals () are a group of vertebrate animals constituting the class Mammalia (), characterized by the presence of mammary glands which in females produce milk for feeding (nursing) their young, a neocortex (a region of the brain), fur o ...
, in the region between the
pubic
In vertebrates, the pubic region ( la, pubis) is the most forward-facing (ventral and anterior) of the three main regions making up the coxal bone. The left and right pubic regions are each made up of three sections, a superior ramus, inferior r ...
area and the
thorax
The thorax or chest is a part of the anatomy of humans, mammals, and other tetrapod animals located between the neck and the abdomen. In insects, crustaceans, and the extinct trilobites, the thorax is one of the three main divisions of the cre ...
(
chest
The thorax or chest is a part of the anatomy of humans, mammals, and other tetrapod animals located between the neck and the abdomen. In insects, crustaceans, and the extinct trilobites, the thorax is one of the three main divisions of the crea ...
). The growth of abdominal hair follows the same pattern on nearly all mammals, vertically from the pubic area upwards and from the thorax downwards to the
navel
The navel (clinically known as the umbilicus, commonly known as the belly button or tummy button) is a protruding, flat, or hollowed area on the abdomen at the attachment site of the umbilical cord. All placental mammals have a navel, although ...
. The abdominal hair of non-human mammals is part of the
pelage
Fur is a thick growth of hair that covers the skin of mammals. It consists of a combination of oily guard hair on top and thick underfur beneath. The guard hair keeps moisture from reaching the skin; the underfur acts as an insulating blanket ...
, (
hair or
fur
Fur is a thick growth of hair that covers the skin of mammals. It consists of a combination of oily guard hair on top and thick underfur beneath. The guard hair keeps moisture from reaching the skin; the underfur acts as an insulating blanket t ...
).
It connects
pubic hair and
chest hair
Chest hair is hair that grows on the chest in the region between the neck and the abdomen. Chest hair develops during and after puberty along with other types of androgenic hair.
Development and growth
Although vellus hair is already presen ...
.
In humans
Before
puberty
Puberty is the process of physical changes through which a child's body matures into an adult body capable of sexual reproduction. It is initiated by hormonal signals from the brain to the gonads: the ovaries in a girl, the testes in a bo ...
, the abdominal region of both males and females is covered with very fine
vellus hair
Vellus hair is short, thin, light-colored, and barely noticeable hair that develops on most of a human’s body during childhood. Exceptions include the lips, the back of the ear, the palm of the hand, the sole of the foot, some external genital ...
. In response to rising levels of
androgens
An androgen (from Greek ''andr-'', the stem of the word meaning "man") is any natural or synthetic steroid hormone that regulates the development and maintenance of male characteristics in vertebrates by binding to androgen receptors. This in ...
(mainly
testosterone
Testosterone is the primary sex hormone and anabolic steroid in males. In humans, testosterone plays a key role in the development of male reproductive tissues such as testes and prostate, as well as promoting secondary sexual characteristi ...
) during and after puberty, the skin of the abdomen begins to produce coarser, longer and more pigmented hair (
terminal hair
In humans, terminal hair is a variant of hair that is thick and long such as what grows on the scalp, as compared with vellus hair, colloquially known as peach fuzz, growing elsewhere.Marks, James G; Miller, Jeffery (2006)''Lookingbill and M ...
). This process primarily affects men. Initially hair grows in a vertical line from the pubic area up to the navel and from the thorax down to the navel. Although the development of abdominal hair normally begins during puberty, it may also start later, between the ages of 20 and 30. With some men, the abdominal hair will stay within a clearly defined vertical line, but in others, terminal hair will appear laterally as well as vertically, particularly in the area around the navel. This lateral spreading can continue into middle age.
Some women may develop a small line of hair from the pubic area up to the navel. Excessive abdominal hair on women, following the male pattern, is a type of
hirsutism
Hirsutism is excessive body hair on parts of the body where hair is normally absent or minimal. The word is from early 17th century: from Latin ''hirsutus'' meaning "hairy". It usually refers to a "male" pattern of hair growth in a female that ...
.
Patterns
* Horizontal: Characterized by upper surface of
pubic hair terminating in a horizontal line with no hair extending to the abdomen.
* Sagittal: Resembles the first but with the addition of a narrow vertical band of hair extending from the pubic hair towards the navel, often slang called a 'Treasure Trail' or 'Happy Trail'.
* Acuminate: Characterized by a tapered, inverted 'V' pattern extending upward from the pubic hair. Upper limit may end below the navel, at the navel, above the navel or near the chest.
* Disperse (or quadrangular): Hair is distributed broadly over the abdomen without forming a discrete geometric pattern.
Richard Zickler performed a 1997 study of photographs of the above patterns and their occurrence in 400 white men and 400 white women,
paying particular attention to the development of hair during puberty. In Zickler's study the horizontal pattern was most common in females with an incidence of about 80 percent. The acuminate pattern occurred in about 55 percent of males and occasionally in females. The disperse pattern occurred in about 19 percent of the males studied.
Gallery
File:Abdominal hair of an adolescent..jpg, Accumulative hair growth of an adolescent teen.
File:DSC 0068 (5522857573).jpg, Sagittal hair growth below the navel only
File:Slovak Male Navel Hairy Outie Swirl Bellybutton.jpg, Sagittal hair growth above and below the navel
File:Damien Stone.jpg, Acuminate hair growth around the navel
File:Navel 2 - Picture by Giovanni Dall'Orto, July 25 2010.jpg, Disperse hair growth on the abdomen
File:Obese teenagers male overweight fat front belly.jpg, Disperse hair growth
See also
*
Chest hair
Chest hair is hair that grows on the chest in the region between the neck and the abdomen. Chest hair develops during and after puberty along with other types of androgenic hair.
Development and growth
Although vellus hair is already presen ...
*
Hair
*
Pubic hair
*
Umbilicus
References
Further reading
The following journal articles include sketches of different abdominal hair patterns and observed percentages of men exhibiting each pattern.
* See Setty's articles in the References section.
*
{{Human regional anatomy
Abdomen
Human hair