The Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation () is a ministry of the

Government of Russia The Russian Government () or fully titled the Government of the Russian Federation () is the highest federal executive governmental body of the Russian Federation. It is accountable to the president of the Russian Federation and controlled by ...

responsible for the

legal system A legal system is a set of legal norms and institutions and processes by which those norms are applied, often within a particular jurisdiction or community. It may also be referred to as a legal order. The comparative study of legal systems is th ...

and

penal system A prison, also known as a jail, gaol, penitentiary, detention center, correction center, correctional facility, or remand center, is a facility where people are imprisoned under the authority of the state, usually as punishment for various cri ...

. The Ministry of Justice is the federal authority for operating Russia's

court A court is an institution, often a government entity, with the authority to adjudicate legal disputes between Party (law), parties and Administration of justice, administer justice in Civil law (common law), civil, Criminal law, criminal, an ...

s and correctional services with enforcement by two subordinate

executive Executive ( exe., exec., execu.) may refer to: Role or title * Executive, a senior management role in an organization ** Chief executive officer (CEO), one of the highest-ranking corporate officers (executives) or administrators ** Executive dir ...

federal agencies: the Federal Bailiffs Service (FSSP) and the

Federal Penitentiary Service The Federal Penitentiary Service (, FSIN) is a federal agency of the Ministry of Justice of Russia responsible for correctional services. The FSIN is the federal authority for the detention of suspected and convicted persons, the security an ...

(FSIN). The Ministry of Justice is headquartered at Zhitnaya Street 14 in

Yakimanka District Yakimanka District () is a administrative divisions of Moscow, district of Central Administrative Okrug of the federal cities of Russia, federal city of Moscow, Russia. Population: It is named after the former church of Saint Joachim and Sain ...

Central Administrative Okrug Central Administrative Okrug, or Tsentralny Administrativny Okrug (, ''Tsentralny administrativny okrug''), is one of the administrative divisions of Moscow, twelve administrative okrugs of Moscow, Russia. Population: . It is the core of the city ...

Moscow Moscow is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Russia by population, largest city of Russia, standing on the Moskva (river), Moskva River in Central Russia. It has a population estimated at over 13 million residents with ...

. The Ministry of Justice was founded in 1991 by renaming of the Ministry of Justice of the Russian SFSR following the

dissolution of the Soviet Union The Soviet Union was formally dissolved as a sovereign state and subject of international law on 26 December 1991 by Declaration No. 142-N of the Soviet of the Republics of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union. Declaration No. 142-Н of ...

, but claims succession from the

Ministry of Justice of the Russian Empire The Ministry of Justice was one of the Russian Empire's central public institutions and was established on 8 September 1802. The ministry was headed by the Minister of Justice (who was at the same time the Governing Senate, Senate Procurator Genera ...

founded in 1802.

Konstantin Chuychenko Konstantin Anatolyevich Chuychenko (; born 12 July 1965) is a Russian politician, businessman, and lawyer who served as the Minister of Justice since 21 January 2020. Previously, he was Deputy Prime Minister of Russia and Chief of Staff of the ...

has been the Minister of Justice since 21 January 2020.

Functions

According to the Decree of the

President of the Russian Federation The president of Russia, officially the president of the Russian Federation (), is the executive head of state of Russia. The president is the chair of the Federal State Council and the supreme commander-in-chief of the Russian Armed Forces. I ...

from 13 October 2004 (as amended on 15 December 2016) and in accordance with other regulations, the Ministry of Justice is engaged in the elaboration and implementation of public policies and regulatory control, as well as performs law enforcement duties and functions of control and supervision in the areas of: *Execution of criminal penalties (by

) *Registered

non-profit organization A nonprofit organization (NPO), also known as a nonbusiness entity, nonprofit institution, not-for-profit organization, or simply a nonprofit, is a non-governmental (private) legal entity organized and operated for a collective, public, or so ...

s, including the offices of international organizations and foreign non-governmental organizations, public associations,

political parties A political party is an organization that coordinates candidates to compete in a particular area's elections. It is common for the members of a party to hold similar ideas about politics, and parties may promote specific ideological or p ...

and religious organizations, as well as providing information about them *

Advocacy Advocacy is an Action (philosophy), activity by an individual or advocacy group, group that aims to influence decision making, decisions within political, economic, and social institutions. Advocacy includes activities and publications to infl ...

and

notarial A notary is a person authorised to perform acts in legal affairs, in particular witnessing signatures on documents. The form that the notarial profession takes varies with local legal systems. A notary, while a legal professional, is distin ...

activity *State registration of

civil status Vital records are records of life events kept under governmental authority, including birth certificates, marriage licenses (or marriage certificates), separation agreements, divorce certificates or divorce party and death certificates. In some ...

*Legalization and

Apostille The Convention of 5 October 1961 Abolishing the Requirement of Legalisation for Foreign Public Documents, also known as the Apostille Convention, is an international treaty drafted by the Hague Conference on Private International Law (HCCH). Th ...

*Ensure the established order of the courts and the execution of judicial acts and other organs *Combating corruption (by help of the

Prosecutor General of Russia The Prosecutor General of Russia (also Attorney General of Russia, ) heads the system of official prosecution in courts and heads the Office of the Prosecutor General of the Russian Federation. The Prosecutor General remains one of the most po ...

) *Anti-corruption expertise of draft laws spend accredited as an independent expert individuals and legal entities. As of 16 November 2010, as an independent expert accredited 828 individuals and 164 legal entities. The decision on accreditation taking the Minister of Justice of the Russian Federation or one of its authorized deputy ministers, as issued an executive order.

History

The Ministry of Justice of the Russian Empire was founded on 8 September 1802 by Manifesto of

Alexander I Alexander I may refer to: * Alexander I of Macedon, king of Macedon from 495 to 454 BC * Alexander I of Epirus (370–331 BC), king of Epirus * Alexander I Theopator Euergetes, surnamed Balas, ruler of the Seleucid Empire 150-145 BC * Pope Alex ...

"On the establishment of ministries." The same document as part of the government provided for the post of Minister of Justice, and he also served as Attorney General of the Russian Empire. The Ministry of Justice has been designated as the preparation of legislative acts, as well as the management of courts and prosecutors. It dealt with the appointment, transfer, dismissal of officials of judicial departments, agencies and the abolition of the courts, supervised their work. The first Minister of Justice was the General Prosecutor of the

Russian Empire The Russian Empire was an empire that spanned most of northern Eurasia from its establishment in November 1721 until the proclamation of the Russian Republic in September 1917. At its height in the late 19th century, it covered about , roughl ...

, Gavriil Romanovich Derzhavin. In 1864 in Russia, the judicial reform was held, in the preparation and conduct of which the Ministry of Justice has taken an active part, the powers of the Ministry of Justice significantly expanded. At all stages of judicial reform, the role of the Ministry of Justice, was significant, even decisive. Ministry of Justice carried out the management of the judiciary, and prison management of landmark pieces, notaries. As director of personnel of the court and prosecutors, it was the right appointment and dismissal of the investigators on the most important cases in district courts and municipal judges and members of the county district court. The Ministry has introduced the world's institutions of judges and jurors, directly managed the activities of prosecutors, and manage places of detention. Department have sufficient authority to establish and enforce legal policy of the state. On the proposal of the Ministry of Justice of the Act of 16 June 1884 was enhanced sentence for embezzlement and theft of service, including those of the privileged classes. At the request of the Ministry of Justice, 26 May 1881 was canceled public executions. In the area of civil rights 19 May 1881 were compiled by the Ministry of Justice rules on how to strengthen the rights of real estate. All legislative proposals submitted to the conclusion of the Ministry of Justice prior to making them for consideration by the

Council of State A council of state is a governmental body in a country, or a subdivision of a country, with a function that varies by jurisdiction. It may be the formal name for the cabinet or it may refer to a non-executive advisory body associated with a head ...

, on the 1881 bills other departments began to arrive at the conclusion of the Ministry of Justice not only to evaluate them from a legal perspective, but also to harmonize with the existing laws. Legislation Ministry of Justice of the late 19th century - early 20th century was characterised by a focus on individual rights. In 1897, a draft bill to amend the order of the excitation of questions about the responsibility of governors, in 1903 - the draft law on probation, which was completely new and very democratic institution in Russia, in the same year, the Ministry of Justice was designed by disciplinary regulations governing the punishment of official misconduct, and in 1904, a draft law on some of the changes in the prosecution of criminal liability, and public order offences. In the same year the Ministry of Justice approved the regulations on the procedure of the prison department of civil political prisoners. Since the mid-19th century, the Ministers of Justice is actively engaged in international activities: chairing the International Tribunal, were members of a permanent International Court of Arbitration in The Hague. The aim was to inform the Ministry of Justice Ministers on approval of the statutes of newly created organisations and societies, and the Minister was obliged to submit to Emperor weekly personal or written reports on the status of assigned cases. After the

October Revolution The October Revolution, also known as the Great October Socialist Revolution (in Historiography in the Soviet Union, Soviet historiography), October coup, Bolshevik coup, or Bolshevik revolution, was the second of Russian Revolution, two r ...

of 1917, the Ministry of Justice was transformed into the People's Commissariat of Justice. The practical implementation of the Decree No. 1 "On Court" demanded that the judiciary efforts related to the formation of vessels and the selection of personnel for them. Prominently in the work of the Commissariat of Justice took the creation of new legislation. Accepted 30 January 1928 Resolution of the Communist Central Executive Committee and People's Commissar of Justice were directly subordinated to the prosecutor, and as Vice Chairman of the Supreme Court of the Republic. Subsequently, the powers of the People's Commissariat of Justice has undergone radical changes - in 1936 the prosecutor's office was separated into an independent agency. In 1991 the Soviet Justice Ministry was dissolved and the Russian Federation's Ministry of Justice was founded.

Structure

The Ministry is headed by the Minister of Justice. The minister has seven deputies. *Central office *The Department of Registration of Department regulations *Department of Organisation and Control *Department of regulatory analysis and oversight of penal and judicial decisions *Department of Civil Service and Personnel *Department of International Law and Cooperation *The Department of Constitutional law *Department of Civil and social law *Department of Administration *Department for non-profit organisations *Department of Legal Aid and interaction with the judicial system *Department of Legislative Activities and monitor enforcement *Representative of the Russian Federation to the European Court of Human Rights - Deputy Minister *Department complaints on criminal matters *Division of complaints in civil matters *Analysis Division case law, organisation and control execution *Front office *Research Center of Legal Information *Federal Agency for the Legal Protection of intellectual activity of the military, special and dual-use *Russian Legal Academy *State Legal Office * Russian Federal Forensic Center (in Russian) a specialised research institution designed to meet the needs of courts, preliminary investigation and inquiry bodies in forensic examinations in accordance with the procedural law (Code of Criminal Procedure, Code of Civil Procedure of the Russian Federation, APC RF, etc.). *Territorial authorities of the Ministry of Justice

Subordinate federal agencies (executive authorities)

(FSIN of Russia) * Federal Bailiffs Service (FSSP Russia)

Former agencies

*On 12 May 2008, the Federal Registration Service was moved under the supervision of the

Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation The Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation () is a federal ministry in the Russian Government. The ministry is responsible for regulating and forming policies related to socioeconomic and business development in Russia. Histor ...

, and in December 2008 was renamed as the Federal Service for State Registration, Cadastre, and Cartography, later to be subordinated directly to the

List of justice ministers

References

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Ministry Of Justice (Russia) Organizations based in Moscow Justice, Ministry of Law of Russia

Russia Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia. It is the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the world, and extends across Time in Russia, eleven time zones, sharing Borders ...