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January

*
January 1 January 1 is the first day of the calendar year in the Gregorian Calendar; 364 days remain until the end of the year (365 in leap years). This day is also known as New Year's Day since the day marks the beginning of the year. __TOC__ Events ...
Unix time Unix time is a date and time representation widely used in computing. It measures time by the number of non-leap seconds that have elapsed since 00:00:00 Coordinated Universal Time, UTC on 1 January 1970, the Unix Epoch (computing), epoc ...
epoch reached at 00:00:00
UTC Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) is the primary time standard globally used to regulate clocks and time. It establishes a reference for the current time, forming the basis for civil time and time zones. UTC facilitates international communica ...
. *
January 5 Events Pre-1600 * 1477 – Battle of Nancy: Charles the Bold is defeated and killed in a conflict with René II, Duke of Lorraine; Burgundy subsequently becomes part of France. 1601–1900 * 1675 – Battle of Colmar: The French ...
– The 7.1 Tonghai earthquake shakes
Tonghai County Tonghai County () is located in Yuxi Prefecture-level City, Yunnan Province, China. Geography Tonghai County borders Huaning County to the east, Shiping County and Jianshui County to the south, Eshan County and Hongta District to the west, a ...
,
Yunnan Yunnan; is an inland Provinces of China, province in Southwestern China. The province spans approximately and has a population of 47.2 million (as of 2020). The capital of the province is Kunming. The province borders the Chinese provinces ...
province, China, with a maximum
Mercalli intensity The Modified Mercalli intensity scale (MM, MMI, or MCS) measures the effects of an earthquake at a given location. This is in contrast with the seismic magnitude usually reported for an earthquake. Magnitude scales measure the inherent force or ...
of X (''Extreme''). Between 10,000 and 14,621 are killed and 30,000 injured. *
January 15 Events Pre-1600 *AD 69, 69 – Otho seizes power in Rome, proclaiming himself Roman emperor, Emperor of Rome, beginning a reign of only three months. *1541 – King Francis I of France gives Jean-François Roberval a commission to set ...
– After a 32-month fight for independence from
Nigeria Nigeria, officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a country in West Africa. It is situated between the Sahel to the north and the Gulf of Guinea in the Atlantic Ocean to the south. It covers an area of . With Demographics of Nigeria, ...
,
Biafra Biafara Anglicisation (linguistics), anglicized as Biafra ( ), officially the Republic of Biafra, was a List of historical unrecognized states and dependencies, partially recognised state in West Africa that declared independence from Nigeria ...
n forces under
Philip Effiong Philip Efiong (also spelled Effiong, 18 November 1925 – 6 November 2003) was a Nigerian military officer who was the 1st Vice President and the 2nd and last president of the Republic of Biafra during the Nigerian Civil War from 1967 to 1970. ...
formally surrender to General
Yakubu Gowon Yakubu Dan-Yumma "Jack" Gowon (born 19 October 1934) is a Nigerian former military officer and statesman who served as the head of state of Nigeria from 1966 to 1975. Gowon was Nigeria's leader during the Nigerian Civil War where he delivered ...
, ending the
Nigerian Civil War The Nigerian Civil War (6 July 1967 – 15 January 1970), also known as the Biafran War, Nigeria-Biafra War, or Biafra War, was fought between Nigeria and the Republic of Biafra, a Secession, secessionist state which had declared its independen ...
.


February

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February 1 Events Pre-1600 * 1327 – The teenaged Edward III is crowned King of England, but the country is ruled by his mother Queen Isabella and her lover Roger Mortimer. * 1411 – The First Peace of Thorn is signed in Thorn (Toruń), ...
– The
Benavídez rail disaster The Benavídez rail disaster, which occurred on February 1, 1970, is the worst-ever rail disaster in Argentina and South America, leaving 236 dead and more than 500 injured. Summary This accident happened in an isolated, dimly lit area near Bena ...
near
Buenos Aires Buenos Aires, controlled by the government of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, is the Capital city, capital and largest city of Argentina. It is located on the southwest of the Río de la Plata. Buenos Aires is classified as an Alpha− glob ...
, Argentina (a rear-end collision) kills 236. *
February 10 Events Pre-1600 * 1258 – The Siege of Baghdad ends with the surrender of the last Abbasid caliph to Hulegu Khan, a prince of the Mongol Empire. * 1306 – In front of the high altar of Greyfriars Church in Dumfries, Robert the Bru ...
– An
avalanche An avalanche is a rapid flow of snow down a Grade (slope), slope, such as a hill or mountain. Avalanches can be triggered spontaneously, by factors such as increased precipitation or snowpack weakening, or by external means such as humans, othe ...
at
Val-d'Isère Val-d'Isère (, literally ''Valley of Isère (river), Isère'') is a Communes of France, commune of the Tarentaise Valley, in the Savoie Departments of France, department (Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Regions of France, region) in southeastern France. It ...
, France, kills 41 tourists. *
February 11 Events Pre-1600 * 660 BC – Traditional date for the foundation of Japan by Emperor Jimmu. * 55 – The death under mysterious circumstances of Tiberius Claudius Caesar Britannicus, heir to the Roman Empire, on the eve of his comin ...
– '' Ohsumi'', Japan's first satellite, is launched on a Lambda-4 rocket. *
February 22 Events Pre-1600 * 1076 – Having received a letter during the Lenten synod of 14–20 February demanding that he abdicate, Pope Gregory VII excommunicates Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor. * 1316 – The Battle of Picotin, between Fer ...
Guyana Guyana, officially the Co-operative Republic of Guyana, is a country on the northern coast of South America, part of the historic British West Indies. entry "Guyana" Georgetown, Guyana, Georgetown is the capital of Guyana and is also the co ...
becomes a Republic within the
Commonwealth of Nations The Commonwealth of Nations, often referred to as the British Commonwealth or simply the Commonwealth, is an International organization, international association of member states of the Commonwealth of Nations, 56 member states, the vast majo ...
. * February – Multi-
business Business is the practice of making one's living or making money by producing or Trade, buying and selling Product (business), products (such as goods and Service (economics), services). It is also "any activity or enterprise entered into for ...
conglomerate
Virgin Group Virgin Group Ltd is a British multinational venture capital conglomerate founded by Richard Branson and Nik Powell in February 1970. Virgin Group's date of incorporation is listed as 1989 by Companies House, who class it as a holding compa ...
is founded as a discount mail-order record retailer by
Richard Branson Sir Richard Charles Nicholas Branson (born 18 July 1950) is an English business magnate who co-founded the Virgin Group in 1970, and controlled 5 companies remaining of once more than 400. Branson expressed his desire to become an entrepreneu ...
in the UK.


March

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March 1 Events Pre-1600 * 509 BC – Publius Valerius Publicola celebrates the first triumph of the Roman Republic after his victory over the deposed king Lucius Tarquinius Superbus at the Battle of Silva Arsia. * 293 – Emperor Diocleti ...
Rhodesia Rhodesia ( , ; ), officially the Republic of Rhodesia from 1970, was an unrecognised state, unrecognised state in Southern Africa that existed from 1965 to 1979. Rhodesia served as the ''de facto'' Succession of states, successor state to the ...
's white minority government severs its last tie with the United Kingdom, declaring itself a
republic A republic, based on the Latin phrase ''res publica'' ('public affair' or 'people's affair'), is a State (polity), state in which Power (social and political), political power rests with the public (people), typically through their Representat ...
. *
March 4 Events Pre-1600 * AD 51 – Nero, later to become Roman emperor, is given the title '' princeps iuventutis'' (head of the youth). * 306 – Martyrdom of Saint Adrian of Nicomedia. * 581 – Yang Jian declares himself Emperor ...
– All 57 men aboard the French submarine ''Eurydice'' are killed when the vessel implodes while making a practice dive in the
Mediterranean Sea The Mediterranean Sea ( ) is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the east by the Levant in West Asia, on the north by Anatolia in West Asia and Southern Eur ...
. *
March 5 Events Pre-1600 * 363 – Roman emperor Julian leaves Antioch with an army of 90,000 to attack the Sasanian Empire, in a campaign which would bring about his own death. * 1046 – Nasir Khusraw begins the seven-year Middle Easte ...
– The
Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty The Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, commonly known as the Non-Proliferation Treaty or NPT, is an international treaty whose objective is to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons and weapons technology, to promote cooperatio ...
goes into effect, after ratification by 56 nations. *
March 6 Events Pre-1600 * 12 BCE – The Roman emperor Augustus is named Pontifex Maximus, incorporating the position into that of the emperor. * 845 – The 42 Martyrs of Amorium are killed after refusing to convert to Islam. * 1204 &ndas ...
Süleyman Demirel Sami Süleyman Gündoğdu Demirel (; 1 November 1924 – 17 June 2015) was a Turkish people, Turkish politician, engineer, and statesman who served as the List of Presidents of Turkey, 9th President of Turkey from 1993 to 2000. He previously serv ...
of AP forms the new government of
Turkey Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly located in Anatolia in West Asia, with a relatively small part called East Thrace in Southeast Europe. It borders the Black Sea to the north; Georgia (country), Georgia, Armen ...
(32nd government). *
March 12 Events Pre-1600 * 538 – Vitiges, king of the Ostrogoths ends his siege of Rome and retreats to Ravenna, leaving the city to the victorious Byzantine general, Belisarius. * 1088 – Election of Urban II as the 159th Pope of th ...
Citroën Citroën ()The double-dot diacritic over the 'e' is a diaeresis () indicating the two vowels are sounded separately, and not as a diphthong. is a French automobile brand. The "Automobiles Citroën" manufacturing company was founded on 4 June 19 ...
introduces the
Citroën SM The Citroën SM is a high-performance coupé produced by the French manufacturer Citroën from 1970 to 1975. The SM placed third in the 1971 European Car of the Year contest, trailing its stablemate Citroën GS, and won the 1972 Motor Trend Car ...
, the world's fastest front-wheel drive auto at this time, at the annual
Geneva Motor Show The Geneva International Motor Show was an annual auto show held in March in the Swiss city of Geneva. The show was hosted at the Palexpo, a convention centre located next to the Geneva Cointrin International Airport. The Salon was organised b ...
in
Switzerland Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a landlocked country located in west-central Europe. It is bordered by Italy to the south, France to the west, Germany to the north, and Austria and Liechtenstein to the east. Switzerland ...
. *
March 15 Events Pre-1600 * 474 BC – Roman consul Aulus Manlius Vulso celebrates an ovation for concluding the war against Veii and securing a forty years truce. * 44 BC – The assassination of Julius Caesar, the dictator of the Roman R ...
– The
Expo '70 The or Expo '70 was a world's fair held in Suita, Osaka Prefecture, Japan, between 15 March and 13 September 1970. Its theme was "Progress and Harmony for Mankind." In Japanese, Expo '70 is often referred to as . It was the first world's fair ...
World's Fair opens in Suita, Osaka, Japan. *
March 16 Events Pre-1600 * 1190 – Massacre of Jews at Clifford's Tower, York. * 1244 – Over 200 Cathars who refuse to recant are burnt to death after the Fall of Montségur. * 1355 – Amidst the Red Turban Rebellions, Han Lin'er, ...
– The complete
New English Bible The New English Bible (NEB) is an English translation of the Bible. The New Testament was published in 1961 and the Old Testament (with the Apocrypha) was published on 16 March 1970. In 1989, it was significantly revised and republished as the ...
is published in the UK. *
March 18 Events Pre-1600 * 37 – Roman Senate annuls Tiberius' will and proclaims Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus ''(aka Caligula = Little Boots)'' emperor.Tacitus, ''Annals'' V.10. * 1068 – An earthquake in the Levant and the Ar ...
– General
Lon Nol Marshal Lon Nol (, also ; 13 November 1913 – 17 November 1985) was a Cambodian military officer and politician who served as Prime Minister of Cambodia twice (1966–67; 1969–71), as well as serving repeatedly as defence minister and provi ...
ousts Prince
Norodom Sihanouk Norodom Sihanouk (; 31 October 192215 October 2012) was a member of the House of Norodom, Cambodian royal house who led the country as Monarchy of Cambodia, King, List of heads of state of Cambodia, Chief of State and Prime Minister of Cambodi ...
of
Cambodia Cambodia, officially the Kingdom of Cambodia, is a country in Southeast Asia on the Mainland Southeast Asia, Indochinese Peninsula. It is bordered by Thailand to the northwest, Laos to the north, and Vietnam to the east, and has a coastline ...
and holds Queen
Sisowath Kossamak Sisowath Kossamak (, ; 9 April 1904 – 27 April 1975) was Queen of Cambodia from 1955 to 1960 as the wife of King Norodom Suramarit and reigning Queen of Cambodia from 1960 until the abolition of the monarchy in 1970. After her husband's dea ...
under house arrest. *
March 19 Events Pre-1600 * 1277 – The Byzantine–Venetian treaty of 1277 is concluded, stipulating a two-year truce and renewing Venetian commercial privileges in the Byzantine Empire. * 1279 – A Mongol victory at the Battle of Yamen en ...
Ostpolitik ''Neue Ostpolitik'' (German for "new eastern policy"), or ''Ostpolitik'' () for short, was the normalization of relations between the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG, or West Germany) and Eastern Europe, particularly the German Democratic Re ...
: The leaders of
West Germany West Germany was the common English name for the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) from its formation on 23 May 1949 until German reunification, its reunification with East Germany on 3 October 1990. It is sometimes known as the Bonn Republi ...
and
East Germany East Germany, officially known as the German Democratic Republic (GDR), was a country in Central Europe from Foundation of East Germany, its formation on 7 October 1949 until German reunification, its reunification with West Germany (FRG) on ...
meet at a summit for the first time since Germany's division into two republics. West German Chancellor
Willy Brandt Willy Brandt (; born Herbert Ernst Karl Frahm; 18 December 1913 – 8 October 1992) was a German politician and statesman who was leader of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) from 1964 to 1987 and concurrently served as the Chancellor ...
is greeted by cheering East German crowds as he arrives in
Erfurt Erfurt () is the capital (political), capital and largest city of the Central Germany (cultural area), Central German state of Thuringia, with a population of around 216,000. It lies in the wide valley of the Gera (river), River Gera, in the so ...
for a summit with his counterpart, East German ''Ministerpräsident''
Willi Stoph Wilhelm Stoph (9 July 1914 – 13 April 1999) was a German politician. He served as Council of Ministers of East Germany, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) from 1964 to 1973, and again from ...
. *
March 20 Events Pre-1600 *1206 – Michael IV of Constantinople, Michael IV Autoreianos is appointed Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople. *1600 – The Linköping Bloodbath takes place on Maundy Thursday in Linköping, Sweden: five Swedish n ...
– The '' Agence de Coopération Culturelle et Technique'' (ACCT) is founded. *
March 21 Events Pre-1600 * 537 – Siege of Rome: King Vitiges attempts to assault the northern and eastern city walls, but is repulsed at the Praenestine Gate, known as the '' Vivarium'', by the defenders under the Byzantine generals Bessas ...
– "
All Kinds of Everything "All Kinds of Everything" is a song recorded by Irish singer Dana written by Derry Lindsay and Jackie Smith. It in the Eurovision Song Contest 1970 held in Amsterdam, resulting in the country's first ever win at the contest. The recording b ...
", sung by Dana (music and lyrics by Derry Lindsay and Jackie Smith), wins the
Eurovision Song Contest 1970 The Eurovision Song Contest 1970 was the 15th edition of the Eurovision Song Contest and took place in Amsterdam, Netherlands. Organised by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) and host broadcaster (NOS), the contest was held at the on 21 Mar ...
(staged in Amsterdam) for Ireland. *
March 31 Events Pre-1600 * 307 – After divorcing his wife Minervina, Constantine marries Fausta, daughter of the retired Roman emperor Maximian. * 1146 – Bernard of Clairvaux preaches his famous sermon in a field at Vézelay, urging ...
**
NASA The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA ) is an independent agencies of the United States government, independent agency of the federal government of the United States, US federal government responsible for the United States ...
's ''
Explorer 1 Explorer 1 was the first satellite launched by the United States in 1958 and was part of the U.S. participation in the International Geophysical Year (IGY). The mission followed the first two satellites, both launched by the Soviet Union duri ...
'', the first American
satellite A satellite or an artificial satellite is an object, typically a spacecraft, placed into orbit around a celestial body. They have a variety of uses, including communication relay, weather forecasting, navigation ( GPS), broadcasting, scient ...
and Explorer program spacecraft, reenters
Earth's atmosphere The atmosphere of Earth is composed of a layer of gas mixture that surrounds the Earth's planetary surface (both lands and oceans), known collectively as air, with variable quantities of suspended aerosols and particulates (which create weathe ...
after 12 years in orbit. ** Japan Airlines Flight 351, carrying 131 passengers and 7 crew from Tokyo to
Fukuoka is the List of Japanese cities by population, sixth-largest city in Japan and the capital city of Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan. The city is built along the shores of Hakata Bay, and has been a center of international commerce since ancient times. ...
, is hijacked by
Japanese Red Army The was a militant communist organization active from 1971 to 2001. It was designated a terrorist organization by Japan and the United States. The JRA was founded by Fusako Shigenobu and Tsuyoshi Okudaira in February 1971, and was most acti ...
members. All passengers and crew are eventually freed.


April

*
April 4 Events Pre-1600 * 503 BC – Roman consul Agrippa Menenius Lanatus celebrates a triumph for a military victory over the Sabines. * 190 – Dong Zhuo has his troops evacuate the capital Luoyang and burn it to the ground. * 611 &nd ...
– Fragments of burnt human remains believed to be those of
Adolf Hitler Adolf Hitler (20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945) was an Austrian-born German politician who was the dictator of Nazi Germany from 1933 until Death of Adolf Hitler, his suicide in 1945. Adolf Hitler's rise to power, He rose to power as the lea ...
,
Eva Braun Eva Anna Paula Hitler (; 6 February 1912 – 30 April 1945) was a German photographer who was the longtime companion and briefly the wife of Adolf Hitler. Braun met Hitler in Munich in 1929 (aged 17) when she was an assistant and model ...
,
Joseph Goebbels Paul Joseph Goebbels (; 29 October 1897 – 1 May 1945) was a German Nazism, Nazi politician and philologist who was the ''Gauleiter'' (district leader) of Berlin, chief Propaganda in Nazi Germany, propagandist for the Nazi Party, and ...
,
Magda Goebbels Johanna Maria Magdalena Goebbels (; 11 November 1901 – 1 May 1945) was the wife of Nazi Germany's propaganda minister Joseph Goebbels. A prominent member of the Nazi Party, she was a close ally, companion, and political supporter of Adol ...
and the
Goebbels children The Goebbels children were the five daughters and one son born to Nazi propaganda minister Joseph Goebbels and his wife Magda. The children, born between 1932 and 1940, were murdered by their parents in Berlin on 1 May 1945, the day both paren ...
are crushed and scattered in the
Biederitz Biederitz is a municipality in the Jerichower Land district, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It consists of the following ''Ortschaften'' or municipal divisions:KGB The Committee for State Security (, ), abbreviated as KGB (, ; ) was the main security agency of the Soviet Union from 1954 to 1991. It was the direct successor of preceding Soviet secret police agencies including the Cheka, Joint State Polit ...
center in
Magdeburg Magdeburg (; ) is the Capital city, capital of the Germany, German States of Germany, state Saxony-Anhalt. The city is on the Elbe river. Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor, Otto I, the first Holy Roman Emperor and founder of the Archbishopric of Mag ...
,
East Germany East Germany, officially known as the German Democratic Republic (GDR), was a country in Central Europe from Foundation of East Germany, its formation on 7 October 1949 until German reunification, its reunification with West Germany (FRG) on ...
. *
April 8 Events Pre-1600 * 217 – Roman emperor Caracalla is assassinated and is succeeded by his Praetorian Guard prefect, Marcus Opellius Macrinus. * 876 – The Battle of Dayr al-'Aqul saves Baghdad from the Saffarids. * 1139 – ...
** A huge gas explosion at a subway construction site in
Osaka is a Cities designated by government ordinance of Japan, designated city in the Kansai region of Honshu in Japan. It is the capital of and most populous city in Osaka Prefecture, and the List of cities in Japan, third-most populous city in J ...
, Japan, kills 79 and injures over 400. ** Israeli Air Force
F-4 Phantom II The McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II is an American tandem two-seat, twin-engine, all-weather, long-range supersonic jet interceptor and fighter-bomber that was developed by McDonnell Aircraft for the United States Navy.Swanborough and Bower ...
fighter bombers kill 47 Egyptian school children at an elementary school in what is known as Bahr el-Baqar massacre. The single-floor school is hit by five bombs and two air-to-ground missiles. *
April 10 Events Pre-1600 * 428 – Nestorius becomes the Patriarch of Constantinople. * 837 – Halley's Comet makes its closest approach to Earth at a distance equal to 0.0342 AU (5.1 million kilometres/3.2 million miles). * 140 ...
– In a press release written in mock-interview style, that is included in promotional copies of his first solo album,
Paul McCartney Sir James Paul McCartney (born 18 June 1942) is an English singer, songwriter and musician who gained global fame with the Beatles, for whom he played bass guitar and the piano, and shared primary songwriting and lead vocal duties with John ...
announces that he has left
The Beatles The Beatles were an English Rock music, rock band formed in Liverpool in 1960. The core lineup of the band comprised John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr. They are widely regarded as the Cultural impact of the Beatle ...
. *
April 11 Events Pre-1600 * 491 – Flavius Anastasius becomes Byzantine emperor, with the name of Anastasius I. * 1241 – Batu Khan defeats Béla IV of Hungary at the Battle of Mohi. *1512 – War of the League of Cambrai: Franco-Ferra ...
** An
avalanche An avalanche is a rapid flow of snow down a Grade (slope), slope, such as a hill or mountain. Avalanches can be triggered spontaneously, by factors such as increased precipitation or snowpack weakening, or by external means such as humans, othe ...
at a
tuberculosis Tuberculosis (TB), also known colloquially as the "white death", or historically as consumption, is a contagious disease usually caused by ''Mycobacterium tuberculosis'' (MTB) bacteria. Tuberculosis generally affects the lungs, but it can al ...
sanatorium A sanatorium (from Latin '' sānāre'' 'to heal'), also sanitarium or sanitorium, is a historic name for a specialised hospital for the treatment of specific diseases, related ailments, and convalescence. Sanatoriums are often in a health ...
in the
French Alps The French Alps are the portions of the Alps mountain range that stand within France, located in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes and Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur regions. While some of the ranges of the French Alps are entirely in France, others, such a ...
kills 74, mostly young boys. **
Apollo program The Apollo program, also known as Project Apollo, was the United States human spaceflight program led by NASA, which Moon landing, landed the first humans on the Moon in 1969. Apollo followed Project Mercury that put the first Americans in sp ...
:
Apollo 13 Apollo 13 (April 1117, 1970) was the seventh crewed mission in the Apollo program, Apollo space program and would have been the third Moon landing. The craft was launched from Kennedy Space Center on April 11, 1970, but the landing was abort ...
(
Jim Lovell James Arthur Lovell Jr. ( ; born March 25, 1928) is an American retired astronaut, naval aviator, test pilot and mechanical engineer. In 1968, as command module pilot of Apollo 8, he became, with Frank Borman and William Anders, one of the fi ...
,
Fred Haise Fred Wallace Haise Jr. ( ; born November 14, 1933) is an American former NASA astronaut, engineer, fighter pilot with the United States Marine Corps Aviation, U.S. Marine Corps and United States Air Force, U.S. Air Force, and a test pilot. He ...
,
Jack Swigert John Leonard Swigert Jr. (August 30, 1931 – December 27, 1982) was an American NASA astronaut, test pilot, mechanical engineer, aerospace engineer, United States Air Force pilot, and politician. In April 1970, as command module pilot of A ...
) is launched from the United States toward the
Moon The Moon is Earth's only natural satellite. It Orbit of the Moon, orbits around Earth at Lunar distance, an average distance of (; about 30 times Earth diameter, Earth's diameter). The Moon rotation, rotates, with a rotation period (lunar ...
. *
April 13 Events Pre-1600 * 1111 – Henry V, King of Germany, is crowned Holy Roman Emperor. * 1204 – Constantinople falls to the Crusaders of the Fourth Crusade, temporarily ending the Byzantine Empire. * 1455 – Thirteen Years' War: ...
– An oxygen tank in the
Apollo 13 Apollo 13 (April 1117, 1970) was the seventh crewed mission in the Apollo program, Apollo space program and would have been the third Moon landing. The craft was launched from Kennedy Space Center on April 11, 1970, but the landing was abort ...
spacecraft explodes, forcing the crew to abort the mission and return in four days. *
April 17 Events Pre-1600 * 1080 – Harald III of Denmark dies and is succeeded by Canute IV, who would later be the first Dane to be canonized. * 1349 – The rule of the Bavand dynasty in Mazandaran is brought to an end by the murder of H ...
Apollo program The Apollo program, also known as Project Apollo, was the United States human spaceflight program led by NASA, which Moon landing, landed the first humans on the Moon in 1969. Apollo followed Project Mercury that put the first Americans in sp ...
:
Apollo 13 Apollo 13 (April 1117, 1970) was the seventh crewed mission in the Apollo program, Apollo space program and would have been the third Moon landing. The craft was launched from Kennedy Space Center on April 11, 1970, but the landing was abort ...
splashes down safely in the Pacific. *
April 21 Events Pre-1600 * 753 BC – Romulus founds Rome ( traditional date). * 43 BC – Battle of Mutina: Mark Antony is again defeated in battle by Aulus Hirtius, who is killed. Antony fails to capture Mutina and Decimus Brutus is mur ...
– The
Principality of Hutt River The Principality of Hutt River, often referred to by its former name, the Hutt River Province, was a micronation in Australia, proclaimed on 21 April 1970 when farmer Leonard Casley declared his farm to be a sovereign state, the "Hutt River Pr ...
"secedes" from
Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising mainland Australia, the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and list of islands of Australia, numerous smaller isl ...
(it remains unrecognised by Australia and other nations). *
April 24 Events Pre-1600 * 1479 BC – Thutmose III ascends to the throne of Egypt, although power effectively shifts to Hatshepsut (according to the Low Chronology of the 18th dynasty). * 1183 BC – Traditional reckoning of the Fall of Troy ...
– China's first satellite (''
Dong Fang Hong 1 ''Dong Fang Hong 1'' (), in the western world also known as China 1 or PRC 1, was the first space satellite of the People's Republic of China (PRC), launched successfully on 24 April 1970 as part of the PRC's Dongfanghong space satellite pro ...
'') is launched into orbit using a
Long March The Long March ( zh, s=长征, p=Chángzhēng, l=Long Expedition) was a military retreat by the Chinese Red Army and Chinese Communist Party (CCP) from advancing Kuomintang forces during the Chinese Civil War, occurring between October 1934 and ...
-1 Rocket (CZ-1). *
April 26 Events Pre-1600 * 1336 – Francesco Petrarca (Petrarch) ascends Mont Ventoux. * 1478 – The Pazzi family attack on Lorenzo de' Medici in order to displace the ruling Medici family kills his brother Giuliano during High Mass in Fl ...
– The
World Intellectual Property Organization The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO; (OMPI)) is one of the 15 specialized agencies of the United Nations (UN). Pursuant to the 1967 Convention Establishing the World Intellectual Property Organization, WIPO was created to pr ...
(WIPO) is founded.


May

*
May 4 Events Pre-1600 * 1256 – The Augustinian monastic order is constituted at the Lecceto Monastery when Pope Alexander IV issues a papal bull ''Licet ecclesiae catholicae''. * 1415 – Religious reformer John Wycliffe is condemned a ...
Kent State shootings The Kent State shootings (also known as the Kent State massacre or May 4 massacre"These would be the first of many probes into what soon became known as the Kent State Massacre. Like the Boston Massacre almost exactly two hundred years before (Ma ...
: Four students at
Kent State University Kent State University (KSU) is a Public university, public research university in Kent, Ohio, United States. The university includes seven regional campuses in Northeast Ohio located in Kent State University at Ashtabula, Ashtabula, Kent State ...
in
Ohio Ohio ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Midwestern United States, Midwestern region of the United States. It borders Lake Erie to the north, Pennsylvania to the east, West Virginia to the southeast, Kentucky to the southwest, Indiana to the ...
, are killed and nine wounded by
Ohio National Guard The Ohio National Guard comprises the Ohio Army National Guard and the Ohio Air National Guard. The commander-in-chief of the Ohio Army National Guard is the List of governors of Ohio, governor of the U.S. state of Ohio. If the Ohio Army Nation ...
smen at a protest against the U.S. incursion into
Cambodia Cambodia, officially the Kingdom of Cambodia, is a country in Southeast Asia on the Mainland Southeast Asia, Indochinese Peninsula. It is bordered by Thailand to the northwest, Laos to the north, and Vietnam to the east, and has a coastline ...
. *
May 6 Events Pre-1600 * 1527 – Spanish and German troops sack Rome; many scholars consider this the end of the Renaissance. * 1536 – The Siege of Cuzco commences, in which Incan forces attempt to retake the city of Cuzco from the Sp ...
**
Arms Crisis The Arms Crisis was an Irish political scandal in 1970 in which Charles Haughey and Neil Blaney were dismissed as cabinet ministers for alleged involvement in a conspiracy to smuggle arms to the Irish Republican Army in Northern Ireland. At t ...
in the
Republic of Ireland Ireland ( ), also known as the Republic of Ireland (), is a country in Northwestern Europe, north-western Europe consisting of 26 of the 32 Counties of Ireland, counties of the island of Ireland, with a population of about 5.4 million. ...
:
Charles Haughey Charles James Haughey (; 16 September 1925 – 13 June 2006) was an Irish Fianna Fáil politician who led four governments as Taoiseach: December 1979 to June 1981, March to December 1982, March 1987 to June 1989, and June 1989 to February 1992 ...
and
Neil Blaney Neil Terence Columba Blaney (1 October 1922 – 8 November 1995) was an Irish politician. He was first elected to Dáil Éireann in 1948 as a Fianna Fáil Teachta Dála (TD) representing Donegal East. A high-profile member of the party, Blane ...
are dismissed as members of the
Irish Government The Government of Ireland () is the executive authority of Ireland, headed by the , the head of government. The government – also known as the cabinet – is composed of ministers, each of whom must be a member of the , which consists of ...
for accusations of their involvement in a plot to import arms for use by the
Provisional Irish Republican Army The Provisional Irish Republican Army (Provisional IRA), officially known as the Irish Republican Army (IRA; ) and informally known as the Provos, was an Irish republican paramilitary force that sought to end British rule in Northern Ireland ...
in
Northern Ireland Northern Ireland ( ; ) is a Countries of the United Kingdom, part of the United Kingdom in the north-east of the island of Ireland. It has been #Descriptions, variously described as a country, province or region. Northern Ireland shares Repub ...
. **
Feyenoord Feyenoord Rotterdam () is a Netherlands, Dutch professional association football, football club based in Rotterdam, which plays in the Eredivisie, the top tier in Dutch football league system, Dutch football. Founded as Wilhelmina in 1908, the ...
win the
European Cup The UEFA Champions League (UCL) is an annual club association football competition organised by the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) that is contested by top-division European clubs. The competition begins with a round robi ...
in association football after a 2–1 win over
Celtic Celtic, Celtics or Keltic may refer to: Language and ethnicity *pertaining to Celts, a collection of Indo-European peoples in Europe and Anatolia **Celts (modern) *Celtic languages **Proto-Celtic language *Celtic music *Celtic nations Sports Foot ...
. *
May 11 Events Pre-1600 * 330 – Constantine the Great dedicates the much-expanded and rebuilt city of Byzantium, changing its name to New Rome and declaring it the new capital of the Eastern Roman Empire. *868 – A copy of the Diamond Sūtr ...
Lubbock tornado During the evening hours of May 11, 1970, a very powerful multiple-vortex tornado struck a large portion of the city of Lubbock, Texas, Lubbock, located in the state of Texas, United States. The incident resulted in 26 fatalities and an esti ...
: A strong, multi-vortex F5 tornado impacts areas of
Lubbock, Texas Lubbock ( ) is a city in the U.S. state of Texas and the county seat of Lubbock County. With a population of 272,086 in 2024, Lubbock is the 10th-most populous city in Texas and the 84th-most populous in the United States. The city is in the ...
, after dark, resulting in 26 fatalities and over 1,500 injuries. *
May 14 Events Pre-1600 * 1027 – Robert II of France Robert II ( 972 – 20 July 1031), called the Pious () or the Wise (), was List of French monarchs, King of the Franks from 996 to 1031, the second from the Capetian dynasty. Crowned Juni ...
**
Ulrike Meinhof Ulrike Marie Meinhof (7 October 1934 – 9 May 1976) was a German left-wing militant, journalist and founding member of the Red Army Faction (RAF) in West Germany, commonly referred to in the press as the "Baader-Meinhof gang". She is the repute ...
helps
Andreas Baader Berndt Andreas Baader (6 May 1943 – 18 October 1977) was a West German communist and leader of the far-left terrorist organization Red Army Faction (RAF), also commonly known as the Baader-Meinhof Group. Life Andreas Baader was born in Mu ...
escape and create the
Red Army Faction The Red Army Faction (, ; RAF ),See the section "Name" also known as the Baader–Meinhof Group or Baader–Meinhof Gang ( ), was a West German far-left militant group founded in 1970 and active until 1998, considered a terrorist organisat ...
in
West Germany West Germany was the common English name for the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) from its formation on 23 May 1949 until German reunification, its reunification with East Germany on 3 October 1990. It is sometimes known as the Bonn Republi ...
which exists until
1998 1998 was designated as the ''International Year of the Ocean''. Events January * January 6 – The ''Lunar Prospector'' spacecraft is launched into orbit around the Moon, and later finds evidence for Lunar water, frozen water, in soil i ...
. **
Jackson State killings The Jackson State killings occurred on May 15, 1970, at Jackson State College (now Jackson State University) in Jackson, Mississippi. On May 14, 1970, city and state police confronted a group of students outside a campus dormitory. Shortly aft ...
: In the second day of violent demonstrations at
Jackson State University Jackson State University (Jackson State or JSU) is a Public university, public Historically Black colleges and universities, historically black research university in Jackson, Mississippi. It is a member of the Thurgood Marshall College Fund and ...
in
Jackson, Mississippi Jackson is the List of capitals in the United States, capital and List of municipalities in Mississippi, most populous city of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The city sits on the Pearl River (Mississippi–Louisiana), Pearl River and is locate ...
, state law enforcement officers fire into the demonstrators, killing 2 and injuring 12. *
May 17 Events Pre-1600 * 1395 – Battle of Rovine: The Wallachians defeat an invading Ottoman army. * 1521 – Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of Buckingham, is executed for treason. * 1527 – Pánfilo de Narváez departs Spain to explo ...
Thor Heyerdahl Thor Heyerdahl KStJ (; 6 October 1914 – 18 April 2002) was a Norwegian adventurer and Ethnography, ethnographer with a background in biology with specialization in zoology, botany and geography. Heyerdahl is notable for his Kon-Tiki expediti ...
sets sail from
Morocco Morocco, officially the Kingdom of Morocco, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It has coastlines on the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and has land borders with Algeria to Algeria–Morocc ...
on the
papyrus Papyrus ( ) is a material similar to thick paper that was used in ancient times as a writing surface. It was made from the pith of the papyrus plant, ''Cyperus papyrus'', a wetland sedge. ''Papyrus'' (plural: ''papyri'' or ''papyruses'') can a ...
boat ''
Ra II Thor Heyerdahl KStJ (; 6 October 1914 – 18 April 2002) was a Norwegian adventurer and ethnographer with a background in biology with specialization in zoology, botany and geography. Heyerdahl is notable for his ''Kon-Tiki'' expedition in 19 ...
'', to cross the South Atlantic. *
May 26 Events Pre-1600 * 17 – Germanicus celebrates a triumph in Rome for his victories over the Cherusci, Chatti, and other German tribes west of the Elbe. * 451 – Battle of Avarayr between Armenian rebels and the Sasanian Empire ta ...
– The
Soviet The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...
Tupolev Tu-144 The Tupolev Tu-144 (; NATO reporting name: Charger) is a Soviet supersonic airliner, supersonic passenger airliner designed by Tupolev in operation from 1968 to 1999. The Tu-144 was the world's first commercial supersonic transport aircraft wit ...
becomes the first commercial transport to exceed
Mach The Mach number (M or Ma), often only Mach, (; ) is a dimensionless quantity in fluid dynamics representing the ratio of flow velocity past a Boundary (thermodynamic), boundary to the local speed of sound. It is named after the Austrian physi ...
2. *
May 31 Events Pre-1600 * 455 – Emperor Petronius Maximus is stoned to death by an angry mob while fleeing Rome. * 1215 – Zhongdu (now Beijing), then under the control of the Jurchen ruler Emperor Xuanzong of Jin, is captured by th ...
** The 7.9 Ancash earthquake shakes
Peru Peru, officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western South America. It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia, in the east by Brazil, in the southeast by Bolivia, in the south by Chile, and in the south and west by the Pac ...
with a maximum
Mercalli intensity The Modified Mercalli intensity scale (MM, MMI, or MCS) measures the effects of an earthquake at a given location. This is in contrast with the seismic magnitude usually reported for an earthquake. Magnitude scales measure the inherent force or ...
of VIII (''Severe'') and a
landslide Landslides, also known as landslips, rockslips or rockslides, are several forms of mass wasting that may include a wide range of ground movements, such as rockfalls, mudflows, shallow or deep-seated slope failures and debris flows. Landslides ...
buries the town of
Yungay, Peru Yungay, also known as Yungay Nuevo (Spanish language, Spanish for "New Yungay"), is a town in the Ancash Region in north central Peru, South America. Geography Yungay is located in the Callejón de Huaylas on Río Santa at an elevation of approx ...
. Between 66,794 and 70,000 are killed and 50,000 injured. ** The
1970 FIFA World Cup The 1970 FIFA World Cup was the 9th edition of the FIFA World Cup, the quadrennial international Association football, football championship for List of men's national association football teams, men's senior national teams. Held from 31 May to ...
in association football is inaugurated in
Mexico Mexico, officially the United Mexican States, is a country in North America. It is the northernmost country in Latin America, and borders the United States to the north, and Guatemala and Belize to the southeast; while having maritime boundar ...
.


June

*
June 1 Events Pre-1600 * 1252 – Alfonso X is proclaimed king of Castile and León. * 1298 – Residents of Riga and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania defeat the Livonian Order in the Battle of Turaida. * 1495 – A monk, John Cor, rec ...
– ''
Soyuz 9 Soyuz 9 (, ''Union 9'') was a June, 1970, Soviet crewed space flight. The two-man crew of Andriyan Nikolayev and Vitaly Sevastyanov broke the five-year-old space endurance record held by Gemini 7, with their nearly 18-day flight. The mission ...
'', a two-man spacecraft, is launched from the
Soviet Union The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...
for an orbital flight of nearly 18 days, an endurance record at this time. *
June 4 Events Pre-1600 * 1411 – King Charles VI grants a monopoly for the ripening of Roquefort cheese to the people of Roquefort-sur-Soulzon as they had been doing for centuries. *1525 – 1525 Bayham Abbey riot; Villagers from Kent and ...
Tonga Tonga, officially the Kingdom of Tonga, is an island country in Polynesia, part of Oceania. The country has 171 islands, of which 45 are inhabited. Its total surface area is about , scattered over in the southern Pacific Ocean. accordin ...
gains independence from the United Kingdom. *
June 8 Events Pre-1600 * 218 – Battle of Antioch: With the support of the Syrian legions, Elagabalus defeats the forces of emperor Macrinus. * 452 – Attila leads a Hun army in the invasion of Italy, devastating the northern provinces ...
– A coup in
Argentina Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic, is a country in the southern half of South America. It covers an area of , making it the List of South American countries by area, second-largest country in South America after Brazil, the fourt ...
brings a new junta of service chiefs; on
June 18 Events Pre-1600 * 618 – Li Yuan becomes Emperor Gaozu of Tang, initiating three centuries of Tang dynasty rule over China. * 656 – Ali becomes Caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate. * 860 – Siege of Constantinople (860), Byzantine ...
, Roberto M. Levingston becomes President. *
June 12 Events Pre-1600 * 910 – Battle of Augsburg: The Hungarians defeat the East Frankish army under King Louis the Child, using the famous feigned retreat tactic of the nomadic warriors. *1206 – The Ghurid general Qutb ud-Din Aib ...
National Democratic Front for the Liberation of Oman and the Arabian Gulf The National Democratic Front for the Liberation of Oman and the Arabian Gulf (, abbreviated NDFLOAG) was a guerrilla movement in the Arabian Peninsula. NDFLOAG was formed in Iraq in 1969 by Omani students (primarily studying in Kuwait) and othe ...
guerrillas attack military garrisons at
Izki Izki () is a town in the Ad Dakhiliyah region of northeastern Oman. It is located at c. altitude, and has a population of 35,173 (2003 census). The archaeological landmarks are still evidence of the ancient heritage of the state, where ...
and
Nizwa Nizwa () is the largest city in Ad Dakhiliyah Region in Oman and was the capital of Imamate of Oman, Oman proper. Nizwa is about (1.5 hour drive) from the Omani capital Muscat. The population is estimated at around 83,544 people. Nizwa is o ...
in
Oman Oman, officially the Sultanate of Oman, is a country located on the southeastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula in West Asia and the Middle East. It shares land borders with Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Yemen. Oman’s coastline ...
. *
June 19 Events Pre-1600 * 325 – The original Nicene Creed is adopted at the First Council of Nicaea. * 1179 – The Battle of Kalvskinnet takes place outside Nidaros (now Trondheim), Norway. Earl Erling Skakke is killed, and the battle cha ...
– The
Patent Cooperation Treaty The Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) is an international patent law treaty, concluded in 1970. It provides a unified procedure for filing patent applications to protect inventions in each of its contracting states. A patent application filed und ...
is signed into
international law International law, also known as public international law and the law of nations, is the set of Rule of law, rules, norms, Customary law, legal customs and standards that State (polity), states and other actors feel an obligation to, and generall ...
, providing a unified procedure for filing
patent application A patent application is a request pending at a patent office for the grant of a patent for an invention described in the patent specification and a set of one or more claim (patent), claims stated in a formal document, including necessary officia ...
s to protect inventions. *
June 21 Events Pre-1600 * 533 – A Byzantine expeditionary fleet under Belisarios sails from Constantinople to attack the Vandals in Africa, via Greece and Sicily. * 1307 – Külüg Khan is enthroned as Khagan of the Mongols and Wuzong o ...
**
Brazil Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest country in South America. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, fifth-largest country by area and the List of countries and dependencies by population ...
defeats
Italy Italy, officially the Italian Republic, is a country in Southern Europe, Southern and Western Europe, Western Europe. It consists of Italian Peninsula, a peninsula that extends into the Mediterranean Sea, with the Alps on its northern land b ...
4–1 to win the
1970 FIFA World Cup The 1970 FIFA World Cup was the 9th edition of the FIFA World Cup, the quadrennial international Association football, football championship for List of men's national association football teams, men's senior national teams. Held from 31 May to ...
in Mexico. As 3-times winner, they keep the
Jules Rimet Trophy The FIFA World Cup is a golden trophy that is awarded to the winners of the FIFA World Cup association football tournament. Since the advent of the World Cup in 1930, two different trophies have been used: the Jules Rimet Trophy from 1930 to 19 ...
permanently. **
Penn Central The Penn Central Transportation Company, commonly abbreviated to Penn Central, was an American class I railroad that operated from 1968 to 1976. Penn Central combined three traditional corporate rivals, the Pennsylvania, New York Central and the ...
, America's largest railroad, files for chapter 77
bankruptcy Bankruptcy is a legal process through which people or other entities who cannot repay debts to creditors may seek relief from some or all of their debts. In most jurisdictions, bankruptcy is imposed by a court order, often initiated by the deb ...
; the largest U.S. corporate bankruptcy at the time.


July

*
July 1 Events Pre-1600 * 69 – Tiberius Julius Alexander orders his Roman legions in Alexandria to swear allegiance to Vespasian as Emperor. * 552 – Battle of Taginae: Byzantine forces under Narses defeat the Ostrogoths in Italy, and ...
Xerox PARC Future Concepts division (formerly Palo Alto Research Center, PARC and Xerox PARC) is a research and development company in Palo Alto, California. It was founded in 1969 by Jacob E. "Jack" Goldman, chief scientist of Xerox Corporation, as a div ...
computer laboratory opens in
Palo Alto, California Palo Alto ( ; Spanish language, Spanish for ) is a charter city in northwestern Santa Clara County, California, United States, in the San Francisco Bay Area, named after a Sequoia sempervirens, coastal redwood tree known as El Palo Alto. Th ...
, United States. *
July 3 Events Pre-1600 * 324 – Battle of Adrianople: Constantine I defeats Licinius, who flees to Byzantium. * 987 – Hugh Capet is crowned King of France, the first of the Capetian dynasty that would rule France until the French Revol ...
** All 112 people on board Dan-Air Flight 1903 are killed when the chartered British
De Havilland Comet The de Havilland DH.106 Comet is the world's first commercial jet airliner. Developed and manufactured by de Havilland in the United Kingdom, the Comet 1 prototype first flew in 1949. It features an aerodynamically clean design with four ...
crashes into mountains north of
Barcelona Barcelona ( ; ; ) is a city on the northeastern coast of Spain. It is the capital and largest city of the autonomous community of Catalonia, as well as the second-most populous municipality of Spain. With a population of 1.6 million within c ...
through navigational error. **The French Army detonates a 914 kiloton thermonuclear device in the
Mururoa Atoll Moruroa (Mururoa, Mururura), also historically known as Aopuni, is an atoll which forms part of the Tuamotu Archipelago in French Polynesia in the southern Pacific Ocean. It is located about southeast of Tahiti. Administratively Moruroa Atoll i ...
. It is the fifth in a series that started on June 15 in their program to perfect a
hydrogen bomb A thermonuclear weapon, fusion weapon or hydrogen bomb (H-bomb) is a second-generation nuclear weapon design. Its greater sophistication affords it vastly greater destructive power than first-generation nuclear bombs, a more compact size, a lo ...
small enough to be delivered by a missile. *
July 5 Events Pre-1600 * 328 – The official opening of Constantine's Bridge built over the Danube between Sucidava ( Corabia, Romania) and Oescus ( Gigen, Bulgaria) by the Roman architect Theophilus Patricius. * 1316 – The Burgundian ...
Air Canada Flight 621 crashes near
Toronto International Airport Toronto Pearson International Airport is an international airport located in Mississauga, Ontario, Canada. It is the main airport serving Toronto, its metropolitan area, and the surrounding region known as the Golden Horseshoe. Pearson is the ...
,
Toronto Toronto ( , locally pronounced or ) is the List of the largest municipalities in Canada by population, most populous city in Canada. It is the capital city of the Provinces and territories of Canada, Canadian province of Ontario. With a p ...
,
Ontario Ontario is the southernmost Provinces and territories of Canada, province of Canada. Located in Central Canada, Ontario is the Population of Canada by province and territory, country's most populous province. As of the 2021 Canadian census, it ...
through pilot error; all 109 passengers and crew are killed. *
July 12 Events Pre-1600 * 70 – The armies of Titus attack the walls of Jerusalem after a six-month siege. Three days later they breach the walls, which enables the army to destroy the Second Temple. * 927 – King Constantine II o ...
Thor Heyerdahl Thor Heyerdahl KStJ (; 6 October 1914 – 18 April 2002) was a Norwegian adventurer and Ethnography, ethnographer with a background in biology with specialization in zoology, botany and geography. Heyerdahl is notable for his Kon-Tiki expediti ...
's papyrus boat ''Ra II'' arrives in
Barbados Barbados, officially the Republic of Barbados, is an island country in the Atlantic Ocean. It is part of the Lesser Antilles of the West Indies and the easternmost island of the Caribbean region. It lies on the boundary of the South American ...
. *
July 21 Events Pre-1600 * 356 BC – The Temple of Artemis in Ephesus, one of the Seven Wonders of the World, is destroyed by arson. * 230 – Pope Pontian succeeds Urban I as the eighteenth pope. After being exiled to Sardinia, he became th ...
– The
Aswan High Dam The Aswan Dam, or Aswan High Dam, is one of the world's largest embankment dams, which was built across the Nile in Aswan, Egypt, between 1960 and 1970. When it was completed, it was the tallest earthen dam in the world, surpassing the Chatug ...
in
Egypt Egypt ( , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a country spanning the Northeast Africa, northeast corner of Africa and Western Asia, southwest corner of Asia via the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to northe ...
is completed. *
July 23 Events Pre-1600 * 811 – Byzantine Empire, Byzantine emperor Nikephoros I plunders the First Bulgarian Empire, Bulgarian capital of Pliska and captures Khan Krum's treasury. *1319 – A Knights Hospitaller fleet scores a Battle of Chi ...
1970 Omani coup d'état The 1970 Omani coup d'état was the overthrow of Sultan of Oman Said bin Taimur by his son Qaboos bin Said in Oman on 23 July 1970. Occurring in the midst of the Dhofar War, the palace coup was executed with the British and saw Said deposed ...
:
Said bin Taimur Said bin Taimur (; 13 August 1910 – 19 October 1972) was the 13th Sultan of Muscat and Oman from 10 February 1932 until he was deposed on 23 July 1970 by his son Qaboos bin Said. He was a member of the Al Bu Said dynasty who in 1932 became ...
, Sultan of Muscat and
Oman Oman, officially the Sultanate of Oman, is a country located on the southeastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula in West Asia and the Middle East. It shares land borders with Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Yemen. Oman’s coastline ...
, is deposed in a bloodless palace coup by his son, Qaboos with covert British support. Among the reforms he introduces is the abolition of chattel
slavery in Oman Legal chattel slavery existed in the area which was later to become Oman from antiquity until the 1970s. Oman was united with Zanzibar from the 1690s until 1856, and was a significant center of the Indian Ocean slave trade from Zanzibar in ...
. *
July 30 Events Pre-1600 * 762 – Baghdad is founded. * 1419 – First Defenestration of Prague: A crowd of radical Hussites kill seven members of the Prague city council. * 1502 – Christopher Columbus lands at Guanaja in the Bay I ...
Thalidomide scandal In the late 1950s and early 1960s, the use of thalidomide in 46 countries was prescribed to women who were pregnant or who subsequently became pregnant, and consequently resulted in the "biggest anthropogenic medical disaster ever," with more t ...
: Damages totalling £485,528 are awarded to 28
Thalidomide Thalidomide, sold under the brand names Contergan and Thalomid among others, is an oral administered medication used to treat a number of cancers (e.g., multiple myeloma), graft-versus-host disease, and many skin disorders (e.g., complication ...
victims in the UK.


August

*
August 11 Events Pre-1600 * 3114 BC – The Mesoamerican Long Count calendar, used by several pre-Columbian Mesoamerican civilizations, notably the Maya, begins. * 2492 BC – Traditional date of the defeat of Bel by Hayk, progenitor and foun ...
– Creation of the International Council of Organizations of Folklore Festivals and Folk Arts in
Confolens Confolens ( ; Limousin: ''Cofolents'', ) is a commune in southwestern France. It is one of the two sub-prefectures of the Charente department. Confolens is the administrative center of a largely rural district, which has seen the development ...
,
France France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe. Overseas France, Its overseas regions and territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the Atlantic Ocean#North Atlan ...
. *
August 17 Events Pre-1600 * 310 – Pope Eusebius dies, possibly from a hunger strike, shortly after being banished by the Emperor Maxentius to Sicilia (Roman province), Sicily. * 682 – Pope Leo II begins his pontificate. * 986 – Byzanti ...
Venera program The Venera (, 'Venus') program was a series of space probes developed by the Soviet Union between 1961 and 1984 to gather information about the planet Venus. Thirteen probes successfully entered the Venusian atmosphere, including the two ...
: ''
Venera 7 Venera 7 () was a Soviet spacecraft, part of the Venera series of probes to Venus. When it landed on the Venusian surface on 15 December 1970, it became the first spacecraft to soft land on another planet and the first to transmit data from the ...
'' is launched from the Soviet Union toward
Venus Venus is the second planet from the Sun. It is often called Earth's "twin" or "sister" planet for having almost the same size and mass, and the closest orbit to Earth's. While both are rocky planets, Venus has an atmosphere much thicker ...
. It later becomes the first spacecraft to transmit data from the surface of another planet successfully. *
August 31 Events Pre-1600 * 1056 – After a sudden illness a few days previously, Byzantine Empress Theodora dies childless, thus ending the Macedonian dynasty. * 1057 – Abdication of Byzantine Emperor Michael VI Bringas after just one ye ...
Solar eclipse of August 31, 1970: An annular solar eclipse is visible in Oceania, and is the 14th solar eclipse of
Solar Saros 144 Saros cycle series 144 for solar eclipses occurs at the Moon's descending lunar node, node, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, containing 70 eclipses, 39 of which are umbral (all annular). The first eclipse in the series was on 11 April 1736 and ...
.


September

*
September 1 Events Pre-1600 * 1145 – The main altar of Lund Cathedral, at the time the seat of the archiepiscopal see of all the Nordic countries, is consecrated. *1173 – The widow Stamira sacrifices herself in order to raise the siege of A ...
– An assassination attempt against King
Hussein of Jordan Hussein bin Talal (14 November 1935 – 7 February 1999) was King of Jordan from 1952 until Death and state funeral of King Hussein, his death in 1999. As a member of the Hashemites, Hashemite dynasty, the royal family of Jordan since 1921, Hu ...
precipitates the country's
Black September Black September (), also known as the Jordanian Civil War, was an armed conflict between Jordan, led by Hussein of Jordan, King Hussein, and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO), led by chairman Yasser Arafat. The main phase of the fight ...
crisis. *
September 3 Events Pre-1600 *36 BC – In the Battle of Naulochus, Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, admiral of Octavian, defeats Sextus Pompey, son of Pompey, thus ending Pompeian resistance to the Second Triumvirate. * 301 – San Marino, one of the ...
6
Israel Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a country in West Asia. It Borders of Israel, shares borders with Lebanon to the north, Syria to the north-east, Jordan to the east, Egypt to the south-west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the west. Isr ...
i forces
fight Combat (French language, French for ''fight'') is a purposeful violent Conflict (process), conflict between multiple combatants with the intent to harm the opposition. Combat may be armed (using weapons) or unarmed (Hand-to-hand combat, not usin ...
Palestinian Palestinians () are an Arab ethnonational group native to the Levantine region of Palestine. *: "Palestine was part of the first wave of conquest following Muhammad's death in 632 CE; Jerusalem fell to the Caliph Umar in 638. The indigenous p ...
guerillas in southern
Lebanon Lebanon, officially the Republic of Lebanon, is a country in the Levant region of West Asia. Situated at the crossroads of the Mediterranean Basin and the Arabian Peninsula, it is bordered by Syria to the north and east, Israel to the south ...
. *
September 4 Events Pre-1600 * 476 – Romulus Augustulus is deposed when Odoacer proclaims himself "King of Italy", thus Fall of the Western Roman Empire, ending the Western Roman Empire. * 626 – Li Shimin, Posthumous name, posthumously known as ...
**
Chile Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in western South America. It is the southernmost country in the world and the closest to Antarctica, stretching along a narrow strip of land between the Andes, Andes Mountains and the Paci ...
an
Socialist Socialism is an economic ideology, economic and political philosophy encompassing diverse Economic system, economic and social systems characterised by social ownership of the means of production, as opposed to private ownership. It describes ...
Senator A senate is a deliberative assembly, often the upper house or Legislative chamber, chamber of a bicameral legislature. The name comes from the Ancient Rome, ancient Roman Senate (Latin: ''Senatus''), so-called as an assembly of the senior ...
Salvador Allende Salvador Guillermo Allende Gossens (26 June 1908 – 11 September 1973) was a Chilean socialist politician who served as the 28th president of Chile from 1970 until Death of Salvador Allende, his death in 1973 Chilean coup d'état, 1973. As a ...
wins 36.2% of the vote in his run for presidency defeating former
right-wing Right-wing politics is the range of political ideologies that view certain social orders and hierarchies as inevitable, natural, normal, or desirable, typically supporting this position based on natural law, economics, authority, property ...
President President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) * President (education), a leader of a college or university *President (government title) President may also refer to: Arts and entertainment Film and television *'' Præsident ...
Jorge Alessandri Jorge Eduardo Alessandri Rodríguez (; 19 May 1896 – 31 August 1986) was the 26th president of Chile from 1958 to 1964, and was the candidate of the Chilean right in the crucial presidential election of 1970, which he lost to Salvador A ...
with 34.9% of the votes and
Christian Democrat Christian democracy is an ideology inspired by Christian ethics#Politics, Christian social teaching to respond to the challenges of contemporary society and politics. Christian democracy has drawn mainly from Catholic social teaching and neo ...
Radomiro Tomic Radomiro Tomic Romero ( Calama, 7 May 1914 - Santiago de Chile, 3 January 1992) was a Chilean lawyer and politician of Croatian origin, and candidate for the presidency of the Chilean Republic in the 1970 election. He graduated as a lawyer from ...
with 27.8% of the votes. ** Soviet Russian
prima ballerina A ballet dancer is a person who practices the art of classical ballet. Both females and males can practice ballet. They rely on years of extensive training and proper technique to become a part of a professional ballet company. Ballet dancers ...
Natalia Makarova Natalia Romanovna Makarova (, born 21 November 1940) is a Russian prima ballerina and choreographer. ''The History of Dance'', published in 1981, notes that "her performances set standards of artistry and aristocracy of dance which mark her a ...
defects to the West while on tour with the
Kirov Ballet The Mariinsky Ballet () is the resident classical ballet company of the Mariinsky Theatre in Saint Petersburg, Russia. Founded in the 18th century and originally known as the Imperial Russian Ballet, the Mariinsky Ballet is one of the world's ...
in London. *
September 5 Events Pre-1600 * 917 – Liu Yan declares himself emperor, establishing the Southern Han state in southern China, at his capital of Panyu. * 1367 – Swa Saw Ke becomes king of Ava *1590 – Alexander Farnese's army forces Hen ...
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (1 November 1955 – 30 April 1975) was an armed conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia fought between North Vietnam (Democratic Republic of Vietnam) and South Vietnam (Republic of Vietnam) and their allies. North Vietnam w ...
: Operation Jefferson Glenn: The 101st Airborne Division, United States 101st Airborne Division and the South Vietnamese 1st Infantry Division initiate a new operation in Huế, Thua Thien Province (the operation ends in October 1971). * September 6 – Dawson's Field hijackings: The Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine hijacks four passenger aircraft from Pan Am, TWA and Swissair on flights to New York City, New York from Brussels, Frankfurt and Zurich and flies them to a desert airstrip in Jordan. * September 7 – Fighting breaks out between Arab guerillas and government forces in Amman, Jordan. * September 8–September 10, 10 – The Jordanian government and Palestinian guerillas make repeated unsuccessful truces. * September 9 – Guinea recognizes the German Democratic Republic. * September 10 –
Cambodia Cambodia, officially the Kingdom of Cambodia, is a country in Southeast Asia on the Mainland Southeast Asia, Indochinese Peninsula. It is bordered by Thailand to the northwest, Laos to the north, and Vietnam to the east, and has a coastline ...
n government forces break the siege of Kompong Tho after three months. * September 15 – King
Hussein of Jordan Hussein bin Talal (14 November 1935 – 7 February 1999) was King of Jordan from 1952 until Death and state funeral of King Hussein, his death in 1999. As a member of the Hashemites, Hashemite dynasty, the royal family of Jordan since 1921, Hu ...
forms a military government with Muhammad Daoud as the prime minister. * September 17 –
Black September Black September (), also known as the Jordanian Civil War, was an armed conflict between Jordan, led by Hussein of Jordan, King Hussein, and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO), led by chairman Yasser Arafat. The main phase of the fight ...
: King
Hussein of Jordan Hussein bin Talal (14 November 1935 – 7 February 1999) was King of Jordan from 1952 until Death and state funeral of King Hussein, his death in 1999. As a member of the Hashemites, Hashemite dynasty, the royal family of Jordan since 1921, Hu ...
orders the Jordanian Armed Forces to oust Palestinian fedayeen from Jordan. * September 18 – Death of Jimi Hendrix: American rock musician Jimi Hendrix dies of an overdose, age 27, in London, two days after last playing in public. * September 19 – Kostas Georgakis, a Greek student of geology, sets himself ablaze in Matteotti Square in Genoa, Italy, as a protest against the dictatorial Greek junta led by Georgios Papadopoulos. * September 20 ** Syrian armored forces cross the Jordanian border. ** ''Luna 16'' lands on the Moon and lifts off the next day with samples, landing back on Earth September 24. * September 21 –
Palestinian Palestinians () are an Arab ethnonational group native to the Levantine region of Palestine. *: "Palestine was part of the first wave of conquest following Muhammad's death in 632 CE; Jerusalem fell to the Caliph Umar in 638. The indigenous p ...
armed forces reinforce guerillas in Irbidi, Jordan. * September 22 ** The International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) is founded. ** Tunku Abdul Rahman resigns as Prime Minister of Malaysia, prime minister of Malaysia, and is succeeded by his Deputy Prime Minister of Malaysia, deputy Tun Abdul Razak. * September 27 ** Richard Nixon begins a tour of Europe, visiting Italy, Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Yugoslavia, Spain, the United Kingdom and
Republic of Ireland Ireland ( ), also known as the Republic of Ireland (), is a country in Northwestern Europe, north-western Europe consisting of 26 of the 32 Counties of Ireland, counties of the island of Ireland, with a population of about 5.4 million. ...
. ** Pope Paul VI names Saint Teresa of Ávila (d. 1582) as the first female Doctor of the Church. * September 28 – Vice President Anwar Sadat is named temporary president of Egypt following the death of Gamal Abdel Nasser. * September 29 – In Berlin,
Red Army Faction The Red Army Faction (, ; RAF ),See the section "Name" also known as the Baader–Meinhof Group or Baader–Meinhof Gang ( ), was a West German far-left militant group founded in 1970 and active until 1998, considered a terrorist organisat ...
members rob three banks, with loot totaling over Deutsche Mark, DM 200,000.


October

* October 2 – The Wichita State University football team's "Gold" plane Wichita State University football team plane crash, crashes in Colorado, killing most of the players. They were on their way (along with administrators and fans) to a game with Utah State University. * October 3 ** In
Lebanon Lebanon, officially the Republic of Lebanon, is a country in the Levant region of West Asia. Situated at the crossroads of the Mediterranean Basin and the Arabian Peninsula, it is bordered by Syria to the north and east, Israel to the south ...
, the government of Prime Minister Rashid Karami resigns. ** The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) is formed in the United States and the Weather Bureau is renamed to National Weather Service as part of NOAA. ** Pope Paul VI names Saint Catherine of Siena (d. 1380) as the second female Doctor of the Church. * October 4 ** Jochen Rindt becomes Formula One List of Formula One World Drivers' Champions, World Driving Champion, the first to earn the honor posthumously. ** In Bolivia, Army Commander General Rogelio Miranda and a group of officers rebel and demand the resignation of President Alfredo Ovando Candía, who dismisses him. ** American rock singer Janis Joplin is found dead of an overdose, age 27, in her hotel room in Hollywood. * October 5 – The Front de libération du Québec (FLQ) kidnaps British trade commissioner James Cross in Montreal and demands release of all imprisoned FLQ members, beginning Quebec's October Crisis. The next day the Canadian government announces that it will not meet the demand. * October 6 – Bolivian President Alfredo Ovando Candía resigns; General Rogelio Miranda takes over but resigns soon after. * October 7 – General Juan José Torres becomes the new President of Bolivia. * October 8 ** The U.S. Foreign Office announces the renewal of arms sales to Pakistan. **
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (1 November 1955 – 30 April 1975) was an armed conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia fought between North Vietnam (Democratic Republic of Vietnam) and South Vietnam (Republic of Vietnam) and their allies. North Vietnam w ...
: In Paris, a Communism, Communist delegation rejects U.S. President Richard Nixon's peace proposal as "a maneuver to deceive world opinion." * October 9 – The Khmer Republic is proclaimed in
Cambodia Cambodia, officially the Kingdom of Cambodia, is a country in Southeast Asia on the Mainland Southeast Asia, Indochinese Peninsula. It is bordered by Thailand to the northwest, Laos to the north, and Vietnam to the east, and has a coastline ...
, escalating the Cambodian Civil War between the government and the Khmer Rouge. * October 10 ** Fiji becomes independent. ** October Crisis: In Montreal, Quebec Minister of Labour Pierre Laporte becomes the second statesman kidnapped by members of the FLQ terrorist group. * October 11 – Eleven French soldiers are killed in a shootout with rebels in Chad. * October 12 –
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (1 November 1955 – 30 April 1975) was an armed conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia fought between North Vietnam (Democratic Republic of Vietnam) and South Vietnam (Republic of Vietnam) and their allies. North Vietnam w ...
: U.S. President Richard Nixon announces that the United States will withdraw 40,000 more troops before Christmas. * October 13 – Saeb Salam forms a government in
Lebanon Lebanon, officially the Republic of Lebanon, is a country in the Levant region of West Asia. Situated at the crossroads of the Mediterranean Basin and the Arabian Peninsula, it is bordered by Syria to the north and east, Israel to the south ...
. * October 14 – A Chinese nuclear test is conducted in Lop Nor. * October 15 ** A section of the new West Gate Bridge in Melbourne collapses into the river below, killing 35 construction workers. ** In
Egypt Egypt ( , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a country spanning the Northeast Africa, northeast corner of Africa and Western Asia, southwest corner of Asia via the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to northe ...
, a referendum supports Anwar Sadat 90.04%. * October 16 – October Crisis: The Canadian government declares a state of emergency and outlaws the Quebec Liberation Front. * October 17 ** October Crisis: Quebec politician Pierre Laporte is found murdered by the FLQ in south Montreal. ** A cholera epidemic breaks out in Istanbul. ** Anwar Sadat officially becomes President of Egypt. * October 20 ** The Soviet Union launches the ''Zond 8'' lunar probe. ** New Egyptian president Anwar Sadat names Mahmoud Fawzi as his prime minister. * October 22 –
Chile Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in western South America. It is the southernmost country in the world and the closest to Antarctica, stretching along a narrow strip of land between the Andes, Andes Mountains and the Paci ...
an army commander René Schneider is shot in Santiago; the government declares a state of emergency. Schneider dies October 25. * October 24 –
Salvador Allende Salvador Guillermo Allende Gossens (26 June 1908 – 11 September 1973) was a Chilean socialist politician who served as the 28th president of Chile from 1970 until Death of Salvador Allende, his death in 1973 Chilean coup d'état, 1973. As a ...
is elected
President President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) * President (education), a leader of a college or university *President (government title) President may also refer to: Arts and entertainment Film and television *'' Præsident ...
of
Chile Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in western South America. It is the southernmost country in the world and the closest to Antarctica, stretching along a narrow strip of land between the Andes, Andes Mountains and the Paci ...
by a run-off vote in the National Congress of Chile, National Congress * October 25 – The wreck of the Confederate submarine ''H. L. Hunley (submarine), Hunley'' is found off Charleston, South Carolina, by 22-year-old pioneer underwater archaeologist, Dr. E. Lee Spence. ''Hunley'' is the first submarine in history to sink a ship in warfare. * October 28 ** In Jordan, the government of Ahmad Toukan resigns; the next prime minister is Wasfi al-Tal. ** A cholera outbreak in eastern Slovakia causes Hungary to close its border with Czechoslovakia. ** Gary Gabelich drives the rocket-powered ''Blue Flame'' (part fuelled by LNG) to an official land speed record of on the dry lake bed of the Bonneville Salt Flats in Utah. The record, the first above 1,000 km/h, stands for nearly 13 years. * October 30 – In Vietnam, the worst monsoon to hit the area in six years causes large floods, kills 293, leaves 200,000 homeless and virtually halts the
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (1 November 1955 – 30 April 1975) was an armed conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia fought between North Vietnam (Democratic Republic of Vietnam) and South Vietnam (Republic of Vietnam) and their allies. North Vietnam w ...
.


November

* November 1 ** The Club Cinq-Sept fire in Saint-Laurent-du-Pont, France, kills 146. ** Polish Deputy Foreign Minister Zygfryd Wolniak and three Pakistanis are killed in an attack on a group of Polish diplomats at the Karachi airport. * November 3 **
Salvador Allende Salvador Guillermo Allende Gossens (26 June 1908 – 11 September 1973) was a Chilean socialist politician who served as the 28th president of Chile from 1970 until Death of Salvador Allende, his death in 1973 Chilean coup d'état, 1973. As a ...
takes office as president of
Chile Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in western South America. It is the southernmost country in the world and the closest to Antarctica, stretching along a narrow strip of land between the Andes, Andes Mountains and the Paci ...
. ** The 1970 Bhola cyclone makes landfall in modern-day Bangladesh around high tide, causing $86.4 million in damage (1970 United States dollar, USD, $576 million 2020 USD) and becomes the world's deadliest storm killing over 500,000 people. * November 5 – Vietnam War: The United States Military Assistance Command in Vietnam reports the lowest weekly American soldier death toll in five years (24 soldiers die this week, which is the fifth consecutive week the death toll is below 50; 431 are reported wounded in the week, however). * November 8 –
Egypt Egypt ( , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a country spanning the Northeast Africa, northeast corner of Africa and Western Asia, southwest corner of Asia via the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to northe ...
, Libya and Sudan announce their intentions to form a federation. * November 9 ** The Soviet Union launches ''Luna 17'' for the moon. ** Vietnam War: The Supreme Court of the United States votes 6–3 not to hear a case by the state of Massachusetts about the constitutionality of a state law granting Massachusetts residents the right to refuse military service in an undeclared war. * November 13 ** 1970 Bhola cyclone: A 120-mph (193 km/h) tropical cyclone hits the densely populated Ganges Delta region of East Pakistan (modern-day Bangladesh), killing an estimated 500,000 people (considered the 20th century's worst cyclone disaster). It gives rise to the temporary island of New Moore / South Talpatti. ** Hafez al-Assad comes to power in Syria, following Corrective Movement (Syria), a military coup within the Ba'ath Party. * November 14 ** Southern Airways Flight 932 crashes in Wayne County, West Virginia; all 75 on board, including 37 players and 5 coaches from the Marshall University American football, football team, are killed. ** The Soviet Union enters the International Civil Aviation Organization, after having resisted joining the UN Agency for more than 25 years. Russian language, Russian becomes the fourth official language of the ICAO. * November 16 – The Lockheed L-1011 TriStar flies for the first time. * November 17 – Luna programme: The
Soviet Union The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...
lands ''Lunokhod 1'' on Mare Imbrium (Sea of Rains) on the Moon. This is the first roving remote-controlled robot to land on another world, and is released by the orbiting ''Luna 17'' spacecraft. * November 19 – The six European Economic Community nation prime ministers meet in Munich to begin the new programme of European Political Cooperation (EPC), a unified foreign policy for a future European Union. * November 20 – The Miss World 1970 beauty pageant, hosted by Bob Hope at the Royal Albert Hall, London is disrupted by Women's Liberation protesters. Earlier on the same evening a bomb is placed under a BBC outside broadcast vehicle by The Angry Brigade, in protest at the entry of separate black and white contestants by South Africa. * November 21 ** Syrian Prime Minister Hafez al-Assad forms a new government but retains the post of defense minister. ** In Ethiopia, the Eritrean Liberation Front kills an Ethiopian general. **
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (1 November 1955 – 30 April 1975) was an armed conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia fought between North Vietnam (Democratic Republic of Vietnam) and South Vietnam (Republic of Vietnam) and their allies. North Vietnam w ...
– Operation Ivory Coast: A joint United States Air Force, Air Force and Army team raids the Sơn Tây (Hanoi), Sơn Tây prison camp in an attempt to free American prisoners of war thought to be held there (no Americans are killed, but the prisoners have already moved to another camp; all U.S. POWs are moved to a handful of central prison complexes as a result of this raid). ** 1970 Australian Senate election: The Liberal Party of Australia, Liberal/National Party of Australia, Country Coalition (Australia), Coalition Gorton government, government led by Prime Minister of Australia, Prime Minister John Gorton and the Australian Labor Party, Labor Party led by Gough Whitlam each ends up with 26 seats, both suffering a swing against them. The Democratic Labor Party (Australia, 1955), Democratic Labor Party wins an additional seat and holds the balance of power in the Australian Senate, Senate. This is the last occasion on which a Senate election is held without an accompanying Australian House of Representatives, House of Representatives election. * November 22 – Guinean president Ahmed Sékou Touré accuses Portugal of an Operation Green Sea, attack when hundreds of mercenaries land near the capital Conakry. The Guinean army repels the landing attempts over the next three days. * November 25–November 29, 29 – A U.N. delegation arrives to investigate the Guinea situation. * November 25 – In Tokyo, author and Tatenokai militia leader Yukio Mishima and his followers take over the headquarters of the Japan Self-Defense Forces in an attempted coup d'état. After Mishima's speech fails to sway public opinion towards his right-wing political beliefs, including restoration of the powers of the Emperor of Japan, Emperor, he commits seppuku (public ritual suicide). * November 27 – Bolivian artist Benjamin Mendoza tries to assassinate Pope Paul VI during his visit in Manila. * November 28 – The Montréal Alouettes defeat the Calgary Stampeders, 23–10, to win the 58th Grey Cup in Canadian football.


December

* December 1 ** The Chamber of Deputies (Italy), Italian Chamber of Deputies accepts a new divorce law. ** Ethiopia recognizes the People's Republic of China. ** The Basques, Basque ETA (separatist group) kidnaps West German Eugen Beihl in San Sebastián. ** Luis Echeverría becomes president of Mexico. * December 2 – The United States Environmental Protection Agency is established. * December 3 ** October Crisis: In Montreal, kidnapped British trade commissioner James Cross is released by the Front de libération du Québec terrorist group after being held hostage for 60 days. Police negotiate his release and in return the Government of Canada grants 5 terrorists from the FLQ's Chenier Cell their request for safe passage to Cuba. ** Burgos Trial: In Burgos, Spain, the trial of 16 Basque people, Basque terrorism suspects begins. * December 4 ** The Spanish government declares a 3-month martial law in the Basque county of Guipuzcoa, over strikes and demonstrations. ** The U.N. announces that Portuguese navy and army units were responsible for the attempted invasion of Guinea. * December 5 ** The Asian and Australian tour of Pope Paul VI ends. ** Fluminense win the Campeonato Brasileiro Série A, Brazil Football Championship. * December 7 ** Giovanni Enrico Bucher, the Swiss ambassador to Brazil, is kidnapped in Rio de Janeiro; kidnappers demand the release of 70 political prisoners. ** The U.N. General Assembly supports the isolation of South Africa for its apartheid policies. ** During his visit to the Polish capital, Chancellor of Germany (Federal Republic), German Chancellor
Willy Brandt Willy Brandt (; born Herbert Ernst Karl Frahm; 18 December 1913 – 8 October 1992) was a German politician and statesman who was leader of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) from 1964 to 1987 and concurrently served as the Chancellor ...
goes down on his knees in front of a monument to the victims of the Warsaw Ghetto, which will become known as the Warschauer Kniefall ("Warsaw Genuflection"). * December 12 – A
landslide Landslides, also known as landslips, rockslips or rockslides, are several forms of mass wasting that may include a wide range of ground movements, such as rockfalls, mudflows, shallow or deep-seated slope failures and debris flows. Landslides ...
in western Colombia leaves 200 dead. * December 15 ** The USSR's ''
Venera 7 Venera 7 () was a Soviet spacecraft, part of the Venera series of probes to Venus. When it landed on the Venusian surface on 15 December 1970, it became the first spacecraft to soft land on another planet and the first to transmit data from the ...
'' becomes the first spacecraft to land successfully on Venus and transmit data back to Earth. ** The South Korean ferry ''Namyong Ho'' capsizes off Korea Strait; 308 people are killed. * December 16 – The Ethiopian government declares a state of emergency in the region of Eritrea over the activities of the Eritrean Liberation Front. * December 20 – An Egyptian delegation leaves for Moscow to ask for economic aid, economic and military aid. * December 21 – The Grumman F-14 Tomcat makes its first flight. * December 22 ** The Libyan Revolutionary Council declares that it will nationalize all foreign banks in the country. ** Franz Stangl, the ex-commander of Treblinka extermination camp, is sentenced to life imprisonment. * December 23 ** The Bolivian government releases Régis Debray. ** Law 70-001 is enacted in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, amending article 4 of the constitution and making the country a one-party state. * December 25 – ETA (separatist group), ETA releases Eugen Beihl in Spain. * December 27 – President of India V. V. Giri declares 1971 Indian general election, new elections. * December 28 – The suspected killers of Pierre Laporte, Jacques and Paul Rose and Francis Sunard, are arrested near Montreal. * December 29 – U.S. President Richard Nixon signs into law the Occupational Safety and Health Act (United States), Occupational Safety and Health Act. * December 30 – In Biscay (Congress of Deputies constituency), Biscay in the Basque Country (autonomous community), Basque country of Spain, 15,000 go on strike in protest at the Burgos trial death sentences. Francisco Franco commutes the sentences to 30 years in prison. * December 31 –
Paul McCartney Sir James Paul McCartney (born 18 June 1942) is an English singer, songwriter and musician who gained global fame with the Beatles, for whom he played bass guitar and the piano, and shared primary songwriting and lead vocal duties with John ...
sues in Britain to dissolve
The Beatles The Beatles were an English Rock music, rock band formed in Liverpool in 1960. The core lineup of the band comprised John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr. They are widely regarded as the Cultural impact of the Beatle ...
' legal partnership.


Date unknown

* The first Institutes of Technology in Ireland, Regional Technical Colleges open in Ireland. * The Sweet Track is discovered in England. It is the world's oldest engineered roadway at the time of its discovery. * Sammlung zeitgenössischer Kunst der Bundesrepublik Deutschland, the Federal collection of contemporary art, is established in Germany. * Women's movement starts in Oman with the establishment of the Omani Women's Association.


World population


Births

*
January 1 January 1 is the first day of the calendar year in the Gregorian Calendar; 364 days remain until the end of the year (365 in leap years). This day is also known as New Year's Day since the day marks the beginning of the year. __TOC__ Events ...
– Gabriel Jarret, American actor * January 2 ** Oksana Omelianchik, Soviet artistic gymnast ** Eric Whitacre, American composer * January 9 – Lara Fabian, Canadian/Belgian singer * January 12 – Zack de la Rocha, American musician * January 13 ** Marco Pantani, Italian cyclist (d. 2004) ** Shonda Rhimes, American TV producer and writer *
January 15 Events Pre-1600 *AD 69, 69 – Otho seizes power in Rome, proclaiming himself Roman emperor, Emperor of Rome, beginning a reign of only three months. *1541 – King Francis I of France gives Jean-François Roberval a commission to set ...
– Shane McMahon, American businessman and professional wrestler * January 17 – Genndy Tartakovsky, Russian-American animator * January 20 – Skeet Ulrich, American actor * January 21 – Ken Leung, American actor * January 24 – Matthew Lillard, American actor, presenter, director and producer * January 29 ** Heather Graham, American actress ** Paul Ryan, American politician * January 31 – Minnie Driver, English actress


February

* February 3 – Warwick Davis, English actor * February 4 – Hunter Biden, American attorney and son of U.S. president Joe Biden * February 8 – Alonzo Mourning, American basketball player * February 9 – Glenn McGrath, Australian test cricketer *
February 10 Events Pre-1600 * 1258 – The Siege of Baghdad ends with the surrender of the last Abbasid caliph to Hulegu Khan, a prince of the Mongol Empire. * 1306 – In front of the high altar of Greyfriars Church in Dumfries, Robert the Bru ...
– Ardy Wiranata, Indonesian badminton player * February 13 – Park Hee-soon, South Korean actor * February 14 – Simon Pegg, British comedian, actor and screenwriter * February 16 – Armand Van Helden, American DJ and music producer * February 17 ** Tommy Moe, American Alpine skier ** Dominic Purcell, English-Australian actor * February 18 – Susan Egan, American actress, voice actress, singer and dancer * February 26 – Cathrine Lindahl, Swedish curler * February 28 ** Daniel Handler, American author ** Noureddine Morceli, Algerian athlete


March

* March 2 – Alexander Armstrong, English comedian, actor and presenter * March 3 – Julie Bowen, American actress *
March 5 Events Pre-1600 * 363 – Roman emperor Julian leaves Antioch with an army of 90,000 to attack the Sasanian Empire, in a campaign which would bring about his own death. * 1046 – Nasir Khusraw begins the seven-year Middle Easte ...
** John Frusciante, American rock musician ** Aleksandar Vučić, President of Serbia * March 7 ** Petra Mede, Swedish comedian, dancer, actress and television presenter ** Rachel Weisz, British-American actress * March 10 ** Antonio Edwards, American football player ** Michel van der Aa, Dutch composer * March 13 – Carme Chacón, Spanish politician (d. 2017) *
March 16 Events Pre-1600 * 1190 – Massacre of Jews at Clifford's Tower, York. * 1244 – Over 200 Cathars who refuse to recant are burnt to death after the Fall of Montségur. * 1355 – Amidst the Red Turban Rebellions, Han Lin'er, ...
– Paul Oscar, Icelandic pop singer-songwriter and DJ *
March 18 Events Pre-1600 * 37 – Roman Senate annuls Tiberius' will and proclaims Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus ''(aka Caligula = Little Boots)'' emperor.Tacitus, ''Annals'' V.10. * 1068 – An earthquake in the Levant and the Ar ...
– Queen Latifah, American rapper and actress *
March 21 Events Pre-1600 * 537 – Siege of Rome: King Vitiges attempts to assault the northern and eastern city walls, but is repulsed at the Praenestine Gate, known as the '' Vivarium'', by the defenders under the Byzantine generals Bessas ...
– Jaya (singer), Jaya, Filipino pop singer * March 22 – Leontien van Moorsel, Dutch cyclist * March 24 ** Lara Flynn Boyle, American actress ** Sharon Corr, Irish musician * March 27 ** Maribel Díaz Cabello, Peruvian educator, First Lady of Peru ** Elizabeth Mitchell, American actress ** Leila Pahlavi, Iranian princess (d. 2001) * March 28 – Vince Vaughn, American actor, writer and producer *
March 31 Events Pre-1600 * 307 – After divorcing his wife Minervina, Constantine marries Fausta, daughter of the retired Roman emperor Maximian. * 1146 – Bernard of Clairvaux preaches his famous sermon in a field at Vézelay, urging ...
– Alenka Bratušek, 7th Prime Minister of Slovenia


April

*
April 4 Events Pre-1600 * 503 BC – Roman consul Agrippa Menenius Lanatus celebrates a triumph for a military victory over the Sabines. * 190 – Dong Zhuo has his troops evacuate the capital Luoyang and burn it to the ground. * 611 &nd ...
** Rebekka Bakken, Norwegian singer ** Barry Pepper, Canadian actor * April 7 – Rosey (wrestler), Rosey, Samoan-American professional wrestler (d. 2017) *
April 8 Events Pre-1600 * 217 – Roman emperor Caracalla is assassinated and is succeeded by his Praetorian Guard prefect, Marcus Opellius Macrinus. * 876 – The Battle of Dayr al-'Aqul saves Baghdad from the Saffarids. * 1139 – ...
– Andrej Plenković, 12th Prime Minister of Croatia *
April 10 Events Pre-1600 * 428 – Nestorius becomes the Patriarch of Constantinople. * 837 – Halley's Comet makes its closest approach to Earth at a distance equal to 0.0342 AU (5.1 million kilometres/3.2 million miles). * 140 ...
** José Paulo Lanyi, Brazilian journalist, writer and filmmaker ** Q-Tip (musician), Q-Tip, American musician and actor *
April 11 Events Pre-1600 * 491 – Flavius Anastasius becomes Byzantine emperor, with the name of Anastasius I. * 1241 – Batu Khan defeats Béla IV of Hungary at the Battle of Mohi. *1512 – War of the League of Cambrai: Franco-Ferra ...
– Trevor Linden, Canadian hockey player *
April 13 Events Pre-1600 * 1111 – Henry V, King of Germany, is crowned Holy Roman Emperor. * 1204 – Constantinople falls to the Crusaders of the Fourth Crusade, temporarily ending the Byzantine Empire. * 1455 – Thirteen Years' War: ...
– Ricky Schroder, American actor * April 14 – Anna Kinberg Batra, Swedish politician *
April 17 Events Pre-1600 * 1080 – Harald III of Denmark dies and is succeeded by Canute IV, who would later be the first Dane to be canonized. * 1349 – The rule of the Bavand dynasty in Mazandaran is brought to an end by the murder of H ...
– Redman (rapper), Redman, American rapper and actor * April 18 ** Heike Friedrich, German swimmer ** Saad Hariri, 2-Time Prime Minister of Lebanon * April 19 – Luis Miguel, Mexican singer * April 20 – Shemar Moore, American actor *
April 21 Events Pre-1600 * 753 BC – Romulus founds Rome ( traditional date). * 43 BC – Battle of Mutina: Mark Antony is again defeated in battle by Aulus Hirtius, who is killed. Antony fails to capture Mutina and Decimus Brutus is mur ...
** Rob Riggle, American actor and comedian ** Nicole Sullivan, American actress, comedian and writer * April 22 – Regine Velasquez, Filipino singer and actress * April 23 ** Sadao Abe, Japanese actor ** Andrew Gee (rugby league), Andrew Gee, Australian rugby league footballer * April 25 ** Kate Allen (triathlete), Kate Allen, Australian born-Austrian triathlete ** Tomoko Kawakami, Japanese voice actress (d. 2011) ** Jason Lee (actor), Jason Lee, American skateboarder and actor *
April 26 Events Pre-1600 * 1336 – Francesco Petrarca (Petrarch) ascends Mont Ventoux. * 1478 – The Pazzi family attack on Lorenzo de' Medici in order to displace the ruling Medici family kills his brother Giuliano during High Mass in Fl ...
** Melania Trump, Slovenian model, First Lady of the United States ** Tionne Watkins, American actress and singer-songwriter * April 28 ** Kurt Eversley, Guyanese-born cricketer ** Nicklas Lidström, Swedish hockey player ** Diego Simeone, Argentine footballer and manager * April 29 ** Andre Agassi, American tennis player ** Uma Thurman, American actress * April 30 – Halit Ergenç, Turkish actor


May

* May 3 ** Bobby Cannavale, American actor ** Ariel Hernández (boxer), Ariel Hernandez, Cuban boxer *
May 4 Events Pre-1600 * 1256 – The Augustinian monastic order is constituted at the Lecceto Monastery when Pope Alexander IV issues a papal bull ''Licet ecclesiae catholicae''. * 1415 – Religious reformer John Wycliffe is condemned a ...
** Will Arnett, Canadian actor ** Dawn Staley, American basketball coach * May 5 – Zorana Mihajlović, Serbian politician *
May 6 Events Pre-1600 * 1527 – Spanish and German troops sack Rome; many scholars consider this the end of the Renaissance. * 1536 – The Siege of Cuzco commences, in which Incan forces attempt to retake the city of Cuzco from the Sp ...
– Roland Kun, Nauruan politician * May 8 ** Michael Bevan, Australian cricketer ** Luis Enrique (footballer), Luis Enrique, Spanish footballer ** Naomi Klein, Canadian author and activist * May 9 ** Hao Haidong, Chinese footballer ** Ghostface Killah, American rapper * May 10 – Angelica Agurbash, Belarusian singer and model * May 12 – Samantha Mathis, American actress * May 15 – Ronald de Boer, Ronald and Frank de Boer, Dutch footballers * May 16 – Gabriela Sabatini, Argentine tennis player *
May 17 Events Pre-1600 * 1395 – Battle of Rovine: The Wallachians defeat an invading Ottoman army. * 1521 – Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of Buckingham, is executed for treason. * 1527 – Pánfilo de Narváez departs Spain to explo ...
– Giovanna Trillini, Italian fencer * May 18 – Tina Fey, American comedian and actress * May 19 – K. J. Choi, South Korean golfer * May 20 **Juliana Pasha, Albanian singer **Louis Theroux, Singaporean-English journalist and producer * May 22 – Naomi Campbell, British model and actress * May 25 ** Jamie Kennedy, American actor and comedian ** Octavia Spencer, American actress *
May 26 Events Pre-1600 * 17 – Germanicus celebrates a triumph in Rome for his victories over the Cherusci, Chatti, and other German tribes west of the Elbe. * 451 – Battle of Avarayr between Armenian rebels and the Sasanian Empire ta ...
– Nobuhiro Watsuki, Japanese cartoonist * May 27 ** Joseph Fiennes, British actor ** Bianka Panova, Bulgarian rhythmic gymnast * May 28 – Glenn Quinn, Irish actor (d. 2002) * May 30 – Erick Thohir, Indonesian politician and businessman


June

*
June 1 Events Pre-1600 * 1252 – Alfonso X is proclaimed king of Castile and León. * 1298 – Residents of Riga and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania defeat the Livonian Order in the Battle of Turaida. * 1495 – A monk, John Cor, rec ...
** Alison Hinds, British-born Bajan soca artist ** Alexi Lalas, American soccer player ** R. Madhavan, Indian film actor ** Karen Mulder, Dutch model and singer * June 2 – B-Real, American rapper * June 3 – Peter Tägtgren, Swedish musician *
June 4 Events Pre-1600 * 1411 – King Charles VI grants a monopoly for the ripening of Roquefort cheese to the people of Roquefort-sur-Soulzon as they had been doing for centuries. *1525 – 1525 Bayham Abbey riot; Villagers from Kent and ...
– Izabella Scorupco, Polish model and actress * June 5 – Deborah Yates, American dancer and actress * June 7 ** Cafu, Brazilian footballer and politician ** Mike Modano, American hockey player *
June 8 Events Pre-1600 * 218 – Battle of Antioch: With the support of the Syrian legions, Elagabalus defeats the forces of emperor Macrinus. * 452 – Attila leads a Hun army in the invasion of Italy, devastating the northern provinces ...
** Gabby Giffords, American politician ** Kelli Williams, American actress * June 13 ** Rivers Cuomo, American musician, frontman of Weezer ** Mikael Ljungberg, Swedish wrestler (d. 2004) * June 15 – Leah Remini, American actress * June 16 ** Younus AlGohar, Pakistani spiritualist ** Phil Mickelson, American golfer * June 17 – Will Forte, American actor and comedian *
June 19 Events Pre-1600 * 325 – The original Nicene Creed is adopted at the First Council of Nicaea. * 1179 – The Battle of Kalvskinnet takes place outside Nidaros (now Trondheim), Norway. Earl Erling Skakke is killed, and the battle cha ...
– Quincy Watts, American athlete * June 20 ** Russell Garcia (field hockey), Russell Garcia, British field hockey player ** Prince Moulay Rachid of Morocco, Moulay Rachid, Prince of Morocco ** Michelle Reis, Hong Kong actress and beauty queen ** Athol Williams, South African poet and social philosopher *
June 21 Events Pre-1600 * 533 – A Byzantine expeditionary fleet under Belisarios sails from Constantinople to attack the Vandals in Africa, via Greece and Sicily. * 1307 – Külüg Khan is enthroned as Khagan of the Mongols and Wuzong o ...
– Pete Rock, American rapper and DJ * June 22 – Michel Elefteriades, Greek-Lebanese politician, artist, producer and businessman * June 23 – Marko Albrecht, German disc jockey and electronic producer * June 24 ** Glenn Medeiros, American singer-songwriter ** Daniel Sánchez Arévalo, Spanish screenwriter and film director * June 25 – Pan Lingling, Singaporean actress * June 26 ** Paul Thomas Anderson, American screenwriter and director ** Sean Hayes, American actor ** Paweł Nastula, Polish judoka and mixed martial artist ** Chris O'Donnell, American actor ** Nick Offerman, American actor, writer and carpenter * June 27 – Ahmed Ahmed, Egyptian-born American actor and comedian * June 30 ** Leonardo Sbaraglia, Argentine actor ** Erica Sjöström, Swedish female singer and saxophonist


July

* July 2 ** Derrick Adkins, American Olympic athlete ** Yap Kim Hock, Malaysian badminton player ** Steve Morrow, Northern Irish footballer ** Kym Ng, Singaporean television host and actress *
July 3 Events Pre-1600 * 324 – Battle of Adrianople: Constantine I defeats Licinius, who flees to Byzantium. * 987 – Hugh Capet is crowned King of France, the first of the Capetian dynasty that would rule France until the French Revol ...
** Serhiy Honchar, Ukrainian road racing cyclist ** Audra McDonald, American actress and singer * July 7 ** Wayne McCullough, Northern Irish boxer ** Masai Ujiri, Nigerian professional basketball executive ** Atli Örvarsson, Icelandic film score composer * July 8 ** Beck, American singer-songwriter and record producer ** Atul Agnihotri, Indian film actor, producer and director ** Micky Hoogendijk, Dutch actress, presenter, model and professional photographer ** Todd Martin, American tennis player * July 10 ** Jason Orange, British singer ** John Simm, British actor * July 11 – Justin Chambers, American actor and fashion model *
July 12 Events Pre-1600 * 70 – The armies of Titus attack the walls of Jerusalem after a six-month siege. Three days later they breach the walls, which enables the army to destroy the Second Temple. * 927 – King Constantine II o ...
** Lee Byung-hun, South Korean actor, singer and model ** Aure Atika, French actress, writer and director ** Susan Tyler Witten, American politician * July 13 – Bruno Salomone, French actor and comedian * July 17 ** Jang Hyun-sung, South Korean actor ** Gavin McInnes, Canadian writer and political commentator (co-founder of Vice Media) * July 19 – Nicola Sturgeon, First Minister of Scotland (2014–present) * July 20 – Tunku Abdul Majid * July 22 – Jonathan Zaccaï, Belgian actor, film director and screenwriter *
July 23 Events Pre-1600 * 811 – Byzantine Empire, Byzantine emperor Nikephoros I plunders the First Bulgarian Empire, Bulgarian capital of Pliska and captures Khan Krum's treasury. *1319 – A Knights Hospitaller fleet scores a Battle of Chi ...
** Thea Dorn, German writer ** Saulius Skvernelis, Prime Minister of Lithuania


August

* August 1 ** David James (footballer, born 1970), David James, English football goalkeeper ** Elon Lindenstrauss, Israeli mathematician * August 2 – Kevin Smith, American screenwriter, film director and actor * August 3 – Masahiro Sakurai, Japanese video game director, designer and writer * August 4 – Hakeem Jeffries, American politician * August 5 – Konstantin Yeryomenko, Russian futsal player (d. 2010) * August 6 – M. Night Shyamalan, Indian-American film director and writer * August 10 ** Brendon Julian, New Zealand cricket player ** Steve Mautone, Australian football player and coach *
August 11 Events Pre-1600 * 3114 BC – The Mesoamerican Long Count calendar, used by several pre-Columbian Mesoamerican civilizations, notably the Maya, begins. * 2492 BC – Traditional date of the defeat of Bel by Hayk, progenitor and foun ...
– Daniella Perez, Brazilian actress and ballerina (d. 1992) * August 13 – Alan Shearer, English footballer * August 14 – Leah Purcell, Australian actress * August 15 – Anthony Anderson, American actor * August 16 ** Saif Ali Khan, Indian actor ** Manisha Koirala, Indian actress *
August 17 Events Pre-1600 * 310 – Pope Eusebius dies, possibly from a hunger strike, shortly after being banished by the Emperor Maxentius to Sicilia (Roman province), Sicily. * 682 – Pope Leo II begins his pontificate. * 986 – Byzanti ...
– Jim Courier, American tennis player * August 19 – Fat Joe, American rapper, songwriter, actor, record producer and record executive * August 20 ** Els Callens, Belgian tennis player ** Fred Durst, American rapper * August 21 ** Erik Dekker, Dutch professional cyclist ** Cathy Weseluck, Canadian actress and comedian * August 22 ** Giada De Laurentiis, Italian-American celebrity chef ** Ricco Groß, German biathlete ** Tímea Nagy, Hungarian fencer * August 23 ** Jay Mohr, American actor and comedian ** River Phoenix, American actor (d. 1993) * August 25 – Claudia Schiffer, German model * August 26 ** Olimpiada Ivanova, Russian race walker ** Melissa McCarthy, American actress, comedian and film producer * August 27 ** Peter Ebdon, English snooker player ** Jim Thome, American baseball player, MLB Hall of Fame member ** Karl Unterkircher, Italian mountaineer (d. 2008) * August 29 – Alessandra Negrini, Brazilian actress *
August 31 Events Pre-1600 * 1056 – After a sudden illness a few days previously, Byzantine Empress Theodora dies childless, thus ending the Macedonian dynasty. * 1057 – Abdication of Byzantine Emperor Michael VI Bringas after just one ye ...
** Debbie Gibson, American singer ** Queen Rania of Jordan, Queen consort of Jordan


September

*
September 1 Events Pre-1600 * 1145 – The main altar of Lund Cathedral, at the time the seat of the archiepiscopal see of all the Nordic countries, is consecrated. *1173 – The widow Stamira sacrifices herself in order to raise the siege of A ...
– Hwang Jung-min, South Korean actor *
September 3 Events Pre-1600 *36 BC – In the Battle of Naulochus, Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, admiral of Octavian, defeats Sextus Pompey, son of Pompey, thus ending Pompeian resistance to the Second Triumvirate. * 301 – San Marino, one of the ...
** Jeremy Glick, passenger on board United Airlines Flight 93 (d. 2001) ** Gareth Southgate, England national football team manager * September 7 ** Gao Min (diver), Gao Min, Chinese diver ** Tom Everett Scott, American actor * September 10 – Julie Halard-Decugis, French tennis player * September 11 – Taraji P. Henson, American actress * September 12 – Amala Akkineni, Indian actress, dancer and activist * September 14 ** Ketanji Brown Jackson, American jurist and associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States ** Mike Burns (soccer), Mike Burns, American soccer player * September 17 – Valeria Cappellotto, Italian racing cyclist. (d. 2015) *September 18 ** Darren Gough, English cricketer ** Aisha Tyler, American actress * September 19 – Takanori Nishikawa, Japanese singer * September 20 – Gert Verheyen, Belgian footballer * September 21 – Samantha Power, Irish-American government official and writer * September 22 – Emmanuel Petit, French footballer * September 23 – Ani DiFranco, American-Canadian musician * September 26 ** Marco Etcheverry, Bolivian footballer ** Yukio Iketani, Japanese gymnast * September 27 – Yoshiharu Habu, Japanese professional shogi player * September 28 – Kimiko Date, Japanese tennis player * September 29 ** Ninel Conde, Mexican actress, singer and television host ** Emily Lloyd, English actress ** Yoshihiro Tajiri, Japanese professional wrestler * September 30 – Tony Hale, American actor


October

* October 1 – Moses Kiptanui, Kenyan athlete * October 4 – Zdravko Zdravkov, Bulgarian footballer * October 8 ** Matt Damon, American actor ** Sadiq Khan, British politician; 3rd Mayor of London (2016–present) ** Tetsuya Nomura, Japanese video game and film director * October 9 – Annika Sörenstam, Swedish golfer * October 10 ** Sir Matthew Pinsent, British rower ** Jokelyn Tienstra, Dutch handball player (d. 2015) * October 12 – Kirk Cameron, American actor and Christian activist * October 14 – Daniela Peštová, Czech supermodel * October 16 – Mehmet Scholl, German footballer * October 17 – Anil Kumble, Indian cricketer * October 20 – Michelle Malkin, American political commentator * October 21 – Louis Koo, Hong Kong actor * October 24 – Stephen Kipkorir, Kenyan middle-distance runner (d. 2008) * October 25 – Adam Goldberg, American actor * October 26 – Chavo Guerrero Jr., Mexican-American professional wrestler * October 27 ** Adrian Erlandsson, Swedish drummer ** Jonathan Stroud, British writer of fantasy fiction * October 29 – Edwin van der Sar, Dutch footballer * October 30 – Nia Long, American actress ** Xie Jun, Chinese chess grandmaster * October 31 – Linn Berggren, Swedish singer


November

* November 1 ** Toma Enache, Romanian film director ** Merle Palmiste, Estonian actress * November 2 – Ely Buendia, Filipino rock lead singer and rhythm guitarist (Eraserheads) * November 6 – Ethan Hawke, American actor, writer and film director * November 7 – Marc Rosset, Swiss tennis player * November 9 – Chris Jericho, American-Canadian professional wrestler * November 10 – Warren G, American rapper * November 12 – Tonya Harding, American figure skater * November 15 ** Uschi Disl, German biathlete ** Patrick M'Boma, Cameroonian footballer * November 16 – Martha Plimpton, American actress * November 17 – Paul Allender, English guitarist * November 18 ** Megyn Kelly, American journalist and television host ** Peta Wilson, Australian actress * November 21 – Karen Davila, Filipina journalist, TV host and news personality * November 23 – Oded Fehr, Israeli-American actor * November 24 – Julieta Venegas, American born-Mexican singer, guitarist and producer * November 26 – Dave Hughes, Australian comedian * November 27 ** Andreína Mujica, Venezuelan journalist and photographer. ** Jorge Luis González Tanquero, Cuban dissident (d. 2016) * November 28 ** Richard Osman, English television presenter, producer and director ** Édouard Philippe, French politician, 100th Prime Minister of France * November 30 ** Yayuk Basuki, Indonesian tennis player ** Natalie Williams, American basketball player


December

* December 1 – Sarah Silverman, American stand-up comedian, actress, singer, producer and writer * December 3 ** Christian Karembeu, French footballer ** Jimmy Shergill, Indian actor * December 4 – Kevin Sussman, American actor and comedian * December 5 ** Tim Hetherington, English-born photojournalist (d. 2011) ** Martin Selmayr, German Eurocrat * December 6 – Michaela Schaffrath, German actress * December 9 – Kara DioGuardi, American songwriter, producer and singer * December 11 – Chris Henderson, American soccer player * December 12 ** Mädchen Amick, American actress ** Jennifer Connelly, American actress ** Regina Hall, American actress * December 14 – Andrew Lewis (boxer), Andrew Lewis, Guyanese professional boxer (d. 2015) * December 15 – Przemysław Truściński, Polish artist * December 17 – Craig Doyle, Irish television presenter * December 18 ** DMX, American rapper and actor (d. 2021) ** Rob Van Dam, American professional wrestler * December 20 – Massimo Ellul, Maltese entrepreneur and philanthropist * December 22 ** Yuriko Backes, Luxembourgish diplomat and politician ** Ted Cruz, Canadian-American politician, United States Senate, U.S. Senator (Republican Party (United States), R-Texas, Tx.) from 2013 and 2016 United States presidential election, 2016 presidential candidate ** Gary Anderson (darts player), Gary Anderson, Scottish darts player * December 23 – Catriona Le May Doan, Canadian speed skater * December 25 – Emmanuel Amuneke, Nigerian footballer * December 26 – Krissada Sukosol Clapp, Thai actor and singer * December 28 ** Yolanda Andrade, Mexican actress and television presenter ** Elaine Hendrix, American actress * December 29 – Aled Jones, Welsh singer and television presenter


Deaths


January–February

*
January 5 Events Pre-1600 * 1477 – Battle of Nancy: Charles the Bold is defeated and killed in a conflict with René II, Duke of Lorraine; Burgundy subsequently becomes part of France. 1601–1900 * 1675 – Battle of Colmar: The French ...
– Max Born, German physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1882) * January 10 – Pavel Belyayev, Soviet cosmonaut (b. 1925) * January 18 – David O. McKay, 9th president of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (b. 1873) * January 25 – Eiji Tsuburaya, Japanese film director and special effects designer (b. 1901) * January 27 – Erich Heckel, German painter (b. 1883) * January 29 ** Basil Liddell Hart, Sir Basil Liddell Hart, British military historian (b. 1895) ** Thelma Furness, Viscountess Furness, American socialite (b. 1904) * January 31 – Slim Harpo, American singer (b. 1924) * February 2 – Bertrand Russell, British logician and philosopher, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Literature (b. 1872) * February 3 – Italo Gariboldi, Italian general (b. 1879) * February 7 – Abe Attell, American boxer (b. 1883) * February 14 ** Arthur Edeson, American cinematographer (b. 1891) ** Harry Stradling, American cinematographer (b. 1901) * February 15 – Hugh Dowding, 1st Baron Dowding, British RAF Fighter Commander during the Battle of Britain (b. 1882) * February 16 – Francis Peyton Rous, American pathologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1879) * February 17 ** Shmuel Yosef Agnon, Israeli writer, Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1888) ** Alfred Newman (composer), Alfred Newman, American film composer (b. 1900) * February 19 – Jules Munshin, American actor (b. 1915) * February 20 ** Café Filho, Brazilian politician, 18th President of Brazil (b. 1899) ** Sophie Treadwell, American playwright and journalist (b. 1885) *
February 22 Events Pre-1600 * 1076 – Having received a letter during the Lenten synod of 14–20 February demanding that he abdicate, Pope Gregory VII excommunicates Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor. * 1316 – The Battle of Picotin, between Fer ...
– Dora Boothby, English tennis champion (b. 1881) * February 24 – Conrad Nagel, American actor (b. 1897) * February 25 – Mark Rothko, Latvian-born American painter (b. 1903)


March

*
March 6 Events Pre-1600 * 12 BCE – The Roman emperor Augustus is named Pontifex Maximus, incorporating the position into that of the emperor. * 845 – The 42 Martyrs of Amorium are killed after refusing to convert to Islam. * 1204 &ndas ...
– William Hopper, American actor (b. 1915) * March 11 – Erle Stanley Gardner, American crime writer (b. 1889) *
March 15 Events Pre-1600 * 474 BC – Roman consul Aulus Manlius Vulso celebrates an ovation for concluding the war against Veii and securing a forty years truce. * 44 BC – The assassination of Julius Caesar, the dictator of the Roman R ...
– Arthur Adamov, Russian-French playwright (b. 1908) *
March 16 Events Pre-1600 * 1190 – Massacre of Jews at Clifford's Tower, York. * 1244 – Over 200 Cathars who refuse to recant are burnt to death after the Fall of Montségur. * 1355 – Amidst the Red Turban Rebellions, Han Lin'er, ...
– Tammi Terrell, American singer (b. 1945) *
March 18 Events Pre-1600 * 37 – Roman Senate annuls Tiberius' will and proclaims Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus ''(aka Caligula = Little Boots)'' emperor.Tacitus, ''Annals'' V.10. * 1068 – An earthquake in the Levant and the Ar ...
– William Beaudine, American film director (b. 1892) *
March 21 Events Pre-1600 * 537 – Siege of Rome: King Vitiges attempts to assault the northern and eastern city walls, but is repulsed at the Praenestine Gate, known as the '' Vivarium'', by the defenders under the Byzantine generals Bessas ...
– Marlen Haushofer, Austrian author (b. 1920) * March 29 – Vera Brittain, British writer (b. 1893) * March 30 – Heinrich Brüning, German academic and politician, 21st Chancellor of Germany (b. 1885) *
March 31 Events Pre-1600 * 307 – After divorcing his wife Minervina, Constantine marries Fausta, daughter of the retired Roman emperor Maximian. * 1146 – Bernard of Clairvaux preaches his famous sermon in a field at Vézelay, urging ...
– Semyon Timoshenko, Soviet general, Marshal of the Soviet Union (b. 1895)


April

* April 1 ** Polina Zhemchuzhina, Soviet politician (b. 1897) ** Ludolf von Alvensleben, German Nazi functionary, SS and police leader (b. 1901) *
April 4 Events Pre-1600 * 503 BC – Roman consul Agrippa Menenius Lanatus celebrates a triumph for a military victory over the Sabines. * 190 – Dong Zhuo has his troops evacuate the capital Luoyang and burn it to the ground. * 611 &nd ...
– Byron Foulger, American actor (b. 1898) * April 5 **Louisa Bolus, South African botanist and taxonomist (b. 1877) **Alfred Henry Sturtevant, American geneticist (b. 1891) * April 6 – Maurice Stokes, American basketball player (b. 1933) *
April 8 Events Pre-1600 * 217 – Roman emperor Caracalla is assassinated and is succeeded by his Praetorian Guard prefect, Marcus Opellius Macrinus. * 876 – The Battle of Dayr al-'Aqul saves Baghdad from the Saffarids. * 1139 – ...
** Prince Felix of Bourbon-Parma, consort of Grand Duchess Charlotte (b. 1893) ** Julius Pokorny, Austrian-born Czech linguist (b. 1887) *
April 11 Events Pre-1600 * 491 – Flavius Anastasius becomes Byzantine emperor, with the name of Anastasius I. * 1241 – Batu Khan defeats Béla IV of Hungary at the Battle of Mohi. *1512 – War of the League of Cambrai: Franco-Ferra ...
– Cathy O'Donnell, American actress (b. 1923) * April 16 – Richard Neutra, Austrian-born American architect (b. 1892) *
April 17 Events Pre-1600 * 1080 – Harald III of Denmark dies and is succeeded by Canute IV, who would later be the first Dane to be canonized. * 1349 – The rule of the Bavand dynasty in Mazandaran is brought to an end by the murder of H ...
– Patriarch Alexy I of Moscow (b. 1877) * April 18 – Michał Kalecki, Polish economist (b. 1899) *
April 26 Events Pre-1600 * 1336 – Francesco Petrarca (Petrarch) ascends Mont Ventoux. * 1478 – The Pazzi family attack on Lorenzo de' Medici in order to displace the ruling Medici family kills his brother Giuliano during High Mass in Fl ...
** Francisco Cunha Leal, Portuguese politician, 84th Prime Minister of Portugal (b. 1888) ** Gypsy Rose Lee, American actress (b. 1911) * April 27 – Arthur Shields, Irish actor (b. 1896) * April 28 – Ed Begley, American actor (b. 1901) * April 30 – Inger Stevens, Swedish-American actress (b. 1934)


May

* May 1 ** Ralph Hartley, American inventor (b. 1888) ** Yi Un, Crown Prince of Korea (b. 1897) * May 9 – Walter Reuther, American labor union leader and president of the United Auto Workers (b. 1907) *
May 11 Events Pre-1600 * 330 – Constantine the Great dedicates the much-expanded and rebuilt city of Byzantium, changing its name to New Rome and declaring it the new capital of the Eastern Roman Empire. *868 – A copy of the Diamond Sūtr ...
– Johnny Hodges, American jazz musician (b. 1907) * May 12 ** Władysław Anders, General of the Polish Army (b. 1892) ** Nelly Sachs, German writer, Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1891) * May 13 – Sir William Dobell, Australian artist (b. 1899) *
May 14 Events Pre-1600 * 1027 – Robert II of France Robert II ( 972 – 20 July 1031), called the Pious () or the Wise (), was List of French monarchs, King of the Franks from 996 to 1031, the second from the Capetian dynasty. Crowned Juni ...
– Billie Burke, American actress (b. 1884) *
May 17 Events Pre-1600 * 1395 – Battle of Rovine: The Wallachians defeat an invading Ottoman army. * 1521 – Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of Buckingham, is executed for treason. * 1527 – Pánfilo de Narváez departs Spain to explo ...
– Heinz Hartmann, Austrian psychiatrist and psychoanalyst (b. 1894) *May 22 – Mahmoud Zulfikar, Egyptian film director (b. 1914) * May 24 – Phan Khắc Sửu, South Vietnamese politician and Leaders of South Vietnam#Heads of state 2, Chief of State of the Republic of Vietnam (b. 1893) * May 28 – Iuliu Hossu, Romanian Roman Catholic bishop and servant of God (b. 1885) * May 29 ** John Gunther, American writer (b. 1901) ** Eva Hesse, German-born American sculptor (b. 1936) *
May 31 Events Pre-1600 * 455 – Emperor Petronius Maximus is stoned to death by an angry mob while fleeing Rome. * 1215 – Zhongdu (now Beijing), then under the control of the Jurchen ruler Emperor Xuanzong of Jin, is captured by th ...
– Terry Sawchuk, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1929)


June

*
June 1 Events Pre-1600 * 1252 – Alfonso X is proclaimed king of Castile and León. * 1298 – Residents of Riga and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania defeat the Livonian Order in the Battle of Turaida. * 1495 – A monk, John Cor, rec ...
– Pedro Eugenio Aramburu, 31st President of Argentina (b. 1903) * June 2 – Bruce McLaren, founder of McLaren Racing (b. 1937) * June 3 – Hjalmar Schacht, Nazi German economic minister (b. 1877) * June 7 ** E. M. Forster, English writer (b. 1879) ** Manuel Gómez-Moreno Martínez, Spanish archaeologist and historian (b. 1870) *
June 8 Events Pre-1600 * 218 – Battle of Antioch: With the support of the Syrian legions, Elagabalus defeats the forces of emperor Macrinus. * 452 – Attila leads a Hun army in the invasion of Italy, devastating the northern provinces ...
– Abraham Maslow, American psychologist (b. 1908) * June 9 – Rafael Ángel Calderón Guardia, 19th President of Costa Rica (b. 1900) * June 10 – Bartolomé Blanche, Chilean military officer, provisional President of Chile (b. 1879) * June 11 – Alexander Kerensky, Russian revolutionary politician (b. 1881) * June 14 – Roman Ingarden, Polish philosopher (b. 1893) * June 16 – Heino Eller, Estonian composer and composition teacher (b. 1887) *
June 21 Events Pre-1600 * 533 – A Byzantine expeditionary fleet under Belisarios sails from Constantinople to attack the Vandals in Africa, via Greece and Sicily. * 1307 – Külüg Khan is enthroned as Khagan of the Mongols and Wuzong o ...
– Sukarno, 1st President of Indonesia (b. 1901) * June 26 – Leopoldo Marechal, Argentine writer (b. 1900)


July

* July 6 – Marjorie Rambeau, American actress (b. 1889) * July 7 – Sylvester Wiere, Austro-Hungarian-born American slapstick comedian, member of the Wiere Brothers (b. 1909) * July 10 – Bjarni Benediktsson (born 1908), Bjarni Benediktsson, 11th Prime Minister of Iceland (b. 1908) * July 13 ** Leslie Groves, American general, director of the Manhattan Project (b. 1896) ** Sheng Shicai, Chinese warlord (b. 1895) * July 14 – Luis Mariano, Spanish tenor (b. 1914) * July 19 ** Egon Eiermann, German architect (b. 1904) ** Panagiotis Pipinelis, Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1899) * July 22 – Fritz Kortner, Austrian-born director (b. 1892) *
July 23 Events Pre-1600 * 811 – Byzantine Empire, Byzantine emperor Nikephoros I plunders the First Bulgarian Empire, Bulgarian capital of Pliska and captures Khan Krum's treasury. *1319 – A Knights Hospitaller fleet scores a Battle of Chi ...
– Amadeo Bordiga, Italian Marxist (b. 1889) * July 27 – António de Oliveira Salazar, Portuguese economist and politician, 100th Prime Minister of Portugal (b. 1889) * July 29 – John Barbirolli, Sir John Barbirolli, English conductor (b. 1899) *
July 30 Events Pre-1600 * 762 – Baghdad is founded. * 1419 – First Defenestration of Prague: A crowd of radical Hussites kill seven members of the Prague city council. * 1502 – Christopher Columbus lands at Guanaja in the Bay I ...
– George Szell, Hungarian conductor (b. 1897) * July 31 – Wilfrid Kent Hughes, Sir Wilfrid Kent Hughes, Australian Olympian and politician (b. 1895)


August

* August 1 ** Frances Farmer, American actress and television host (b. 1913) ** Giuseppe Pizzardo, Italian Roman Catholic cardinal (b. 1877) ** Otto Heinrich Warburg, German physician and physiologist, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine laureate (b. 1883) * August 7 – Tomu Uchida, Japanese film director (b. 1898) * August 8 – Jerry Dawson (footballer, born 1888), Jerry Dawson, English footballer (b. 1888) * August 10 – Bernd Alois Zimmermann, German composer (b. 1918) * August 12 – Glenn Hartranft, American athlete (b. 1901) * August 18 – Soledad Miranda, Spanish actress (b. 1943) * August 20 – Zeki Velidi Togan, Turkish historian (b. 1890) * August 22 – Vladimir Propp, Soviet folklorist (b. 1895) * August 23 – Abdallah Khalil, 3rd Prime Minister of Sudan (b. 1892) * August 27 – Daniel Kinsey, American hurdler, Olympic champion (Athletics at the 1924 Summer Olympics, 1924) (b. 1902) * August 30 – Del Moore, American actor, comedian and radio announcer (b. 1916)


September

*
September 1 Events Pre-1600 * 1145 – The main altar of Lund Cathedral, at the time the seat of the archiepiscopal see of all the Nordic countries, is consecrated. *1173 – The widow Stamira sacrifices herself in order to raise the siege of A ...
– François Mauriac, French writer, Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1885) * September 2 – Marie-Pierre Kœnig, French general and politician (b. 1898) *
September 3 Events Pre-1600 *36 BC – In the Battle of Naulochus, Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, admiral of Octavian, defeats Sextus Pompey, son of Pompey, thus ending Pompeian resistance to the Second Triumvirate. * 301 – San Marino, one of the ...
** Vince Lombardi, American football player and coach (b. 1913) ** Alan Wilson (musician), Alan Wilson, American musician (Canned Heat) (b. 1943) *
September 5 Events Pre-1600 * 917 – Liu Yan declares himself emperor, establishing the Southern Han state in southern China, at his capital of Panyu. * 1367 – Swa Saw Ke becomes king of Ava *1590 – Alexander Farnese's army forces Hen ...
** Jesse Pennington, English footballer (b. 1883) ** Jochen Rindt, Austrian racing driver, 1970 Formula One Driver's Champion (b. 1942) * September 7 – Yitzhak Gruenbaum, leader of the Zionism, Zionist movement in the interwar period (b. 1879) * September 11 – Chester Morris, American actor (b. 1901) * September 12 – Jacob Viner, Canadian economist (b. 1892) * September 14 – Rudolf Carnap, German-born American philosopher and mathematician (b. 1891) * September 18 – Jimi Hendrix, American rock musician (b. 1942) * September 22 ** Alice Hamilton, the first woman appointed to the faculty of Harvard University (b. 1869) ** Joe Hickey (politician), Joe Hickey, American politician, jurist, governor and senator from Wyoming (b. 1911) * September 23 – Bourvil, André Bourvil, French actor (b. 1917) * September 25 – Erich Maria Remarque, German author (''All Quiet on the Western Front'') (b. 1898) * September 28 ** John Dos Passos, American novelist (b. 1896) ** Mahmud al-Muntasir, 1st Prime Minister of Libya (b. 1903) ** Gamal Abdel Nasser, 31st Prime Minister of Egypt and 2nd President of Egypt (b. 1918) * September 29 – Edward Everett Horton, American actor (b. 1886) * September 30 – Benedetto Aloisi Masella, Italian Roman Catholic cardinal (b. 1875)


October

* October 1 – Petar Konjović, Yugoslav composer (b. 1883) * October 4 – Janis Joplin, American rock singer (b. 1943) * October 10 – Édouard Daladier, 72nd Prime Minister of France (b. 1884) * October 12 – Feodor Stepanovich Rojankovsky, Russian illustrator (b. 1891) * October 18 – Prince Zeid bin Hussein (b. 1898) * October 19 – Lázaro Cárdenas, 44th President of Mexico (b. 1895) * October 21 ** Li Linsi, Chinese educator and diplomat (b. 1896) ** Ernest Haller, American cinematographer (b. 1896) * October 24 – Richard Hofstadter, American historian (b. 1916) * October 25 – René Schneider, commander-in-chief of the Chilean Army (b. 1913) * October 29 – Mayme Ousley, American politician and the first female mayor in Missouri history (b. 1887)


November

* November 2 ** Abram Besicovitch, Russian mathematician (b. 1891) ** Fernand Gravey, French actor (b. 1905) * November 4 – Friedrich Kellner, German diarist (b. 1885) * November 6 – Agustín Lara, Mexican composer (b. 1897) * November 8 – Napoleon Hill, American author in the area of the new thought (b. 1883) * November 9 – Charles de Gaulle, French general and statesman, 98th Prime Minister of France and 18th President of France (b. 1890) * November 13 – Bessie Braddock, British politician (b. 1899) * November 15 – Konstantinos Tsaldaris, Greek politician, 2-time Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1884) * November 19 ** Andrei Yeremenko, Soviet military leader, Marshal of the Soviet Union (b. 1892) ** Maria Yudina, Soviet pianist (b. 1899) * November 21 ** C. V. Raman, Indian physicist (b. 1888) ** Percy Ernst Schramm, German historian (b. 1894) * November 23 – Yusof bin Ishak, Singaporean politician, 1st President of Singapore (b. 1910) * November 24 – Tilly Devine, English-born Australian organised crime boss (d. 1970) * November 25 ** Louise Glaum, American actress (b. 1888) ** Yukio Mishima, Japanese novelist (b. 1925)


December

* December 7 – Rube Goldberg, American cartoonist (b. 1883) * December 8 – Christopher Kelk Ingold, Sir Christopher Kelk Ingold, British chemist (b. 1893) * December 9 – Feroz Khan Noon, Sir Feroz Khan Noon, 7th Prime Minister of Pakistan (b. 1893) * December 10 – Chen Qiyou, chairman of the China Zhi Gong Party (b. 1892) * December 14 – William Slim, 1st Viscount Slim, British field marshal and 13th Governor-General of Australia (b. 1891) * December 15 – Ernest Marsden, Sir Ernest Marsden, English-New Zealand physicist (b. 1889) * December 16 – Friedrich Pollock, German social scientist and philosopher (b. 1894) * December 23 – Charlie Ruggles, American actor (b. 1886) * December 29 – Prince Adalbert of Bavaria (1886–1970), Prince Adalbert of Bavaria (b. 1886) * December 30 ** Sonny Liston, American boxer (b. c.1930) ** Lenore Ulric, American actress (b. 1892)Lenore Ulric
/ref> * December 31 – Cyril Scott, English composer, writer and poet (b. 1879)


Nobel Prizes

* Nobel Prize in Physics, Physics – Hannes Alfvén, Louis Néel * Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Chemistry – Luis Federico Leloir * Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Medicine – Sir Bernard Katz, Ulf von Euler, Julius Axelrod * Nobel Prize in Literature, Literature – Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn * Nobel Peace Prize, Peace – Norman Borlaug * Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences – Paul Samuelson


References

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