Windsor Palace was situated in
Bangkok
Bangkok, officially known in Thai as Krung Thep Maha Nakhon and colloquially as Krung Thep, is the capital and most populous city of Thailand. The city occupies in the Chao Phraya River delta in central Thailand and has an estimated populatio ...
,
Thailand, during the early twentieth century. Built on the orders of King
Chulalongkorn
Chulalongkorn ( th, จุฬาลงกรณ์, 20 September 1853 – 23 October 1910) was the fifth monarch of Siam under the House of Chakri, titled Rama V. He was known to the Siamese of his time as ''Phra Phuttha Chao Luang'' (พร� ...
(Rama V) to serve as the residence of Crown Prince
Vajirunhis
Maha Vajirunhis, Crown Prince of Siam ( th, มหาวชิรุณหิศ; ; 27 June 1878 – 4 January 1895) was the first Crown Prince of the Chakri dynasty. He was the first son of King Chulalongkorn and Queen Savang Vadhana together, ...
, the palace later became part of
Chulalongkorn University
Chulalongkorn University (CU, th, จุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย, ), nicknamed Chula ( th, จุฬาฯ), is a public and autonomous research university in Bangkok, Thailand. The university was originally fo ...
but was later demolished to make way for the construction of
Suphachalasai Stadium
The National Stadium of Thailand ( th, สนามกีฬาแห่งชาติ or กรีฑาสถานแห่งชาติ) is a sports complex located in Pathum Wan District, Bangkok. Founded in 1937 with the construction of ...
. The palace became known as such to foreign residents of Bangkok due to its partial resemblance to
Windsor Castle, though it was also known to locals as Wang Klang Thung or Wang Mai.
History
Windsor Palace was commissioned by King
Chulalongkorn
Chulalongkorn ( th, จุฬาลงกรณ์, 20 September 1853 – 23 October 1910) was the fifth monarch of Siam under the House of Chakri, titled Rama V. He was known to the Siamese of his time as ''Phra Phuttha Chao Luang'' (พร� ...
in 1881 to serve as the residence of his eldest son, Prince
Vajirunhis
Maha Vajirunhis, Crown Prince of Siam ( th, มหาวชิรุณหิศ; ; 27 June 1878 – 4 January 1895) was the first Crown Prince of the Chakri dynasty. He was the first son of King Chulalongkorn and Queen Savang Vadhana together, ...
, who would later be named the first Crown Prince of Siam (Thailand). The palace was located on Sa Pathum Road (now
Rama I Road) at the current location of
Suphachalasai Stadium
The National Stadium of Thailand ( th, สนามกีฬาแห่งชาติ or กรีฑาสถานแห่งชาติ) is a sports complex located in Pathum Wan District, Bangkok. Founded in 1937 with the construction of ...
. Designed in
Gothic Revival style by the Italian architect
Joachim Grassi, its appearance reflects that of
Windsor Castle in England, and the palace became known to contemporary expatriates as Windsor.
Locals called the palace ''Wang Klang Thung'' ( th, วังกลางทุ่ง), lit. ''palace in the field'', for its location, or ''Wang Mai'' (), which means ''new palace''.
The latter name in turn gave rise to Wang Mai Subdistrict, which is part of
Pathum Wan District and covers the area where the palace was located. The palace had three main storeys and a central staircase,
was built with imported marble, and internal decorations included neoclassical columns and statues.
The palace's foundation stone was laid in November 1881, and construction was completed in July 1884. However, Prince Vajirunhis continued to live in the
Grand Palace and had not moved into his new home when he died in 1895.
Following the prince's death, the palace was used as a school of cartography, and later on, agriculture.
When King
Vajiravudh (Rama VI, who succeeded King Chulalongkorn) established the Civil Service College of King Chulalongkorn (later to become
Chulalongkorn University
Chulalongkorn University (CU, th, จุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย, ), nicknamed Chula ( th, จุฬาฯ), is a public and autonomous research university in Bangkok, Thailand. The university was originally fo ...
) in 1911, ownership of the palace was transferred to the college and the palace became the seat of the college's School of Mechanical Sciences. In 1916 the college campuses were consolidated, and Windsor Palace served as the centre of the Prathum Wan Campus (which by now also hosted the Public Administration and Education Departments) while a new Administration Building (now the Faculty of Arts Building) was being constructed.
With the formal establishment of Chulalongkorn University in 1917, Windsor Palace became the seat of the Faculty of Arts and Science. The building was modified to hold classes and laboratories, with a cadaver dissection lab built nearby. It was also here at the palace that Prince
Mahidol Adulyadej instructed medical students in pre-clinical courses.
Four student dormitories were built near the palace building, and later became known as ''Ho Wang'' (, lit. ''palace dormitory'').
The name was adopted by the university's teacher-training school, which was established nearby and became known as Horwang Secondary School of Chulalongkorn University. Use of the palace ceased in 1935 when the area was requested for construction of the National Stadium. The faculty was relocated, and Horwang School moved to the site that is now
Triam Udom Suksa School
Triam Udom Suksa School ( th, โรงเรียนเตรียมอุดมศึกษา, ; lit.'university-preparatory school') is a state school in central Bangkok, Thailand. It admits upper-secondary students (''mathayom'' 4–6, eq ...
.
Demolition and excavation
Following the
Siamese Revolution of 1932 which abolished absolute monarchy, the property surrounding Windsor Palace was leased to the Ministry of Education's Department of Physical Education in 1935 to serve as the construction site for the National Stadium complex, with
Suphachalasai Stadium
The National Stadium of Thailand ( th, สนามกีฬาแห่งชาติ or กรีฑาสถานแห่งชาติ) is a sports complex located in Pathum Wan District, Bangkok. Founded in 1937 with the construction of ...
at its core. The palace was subsequently demolished, and its existence faded from public knowledge.
Part of the National Stadium complex was established as the Central Physical Education School, which later became part of
Srinakharinwirot University
Srinakharinwirot University (abbr: SWU; th, มหาวิทยาลัยศรีนครินทรวิโรฒ; abbr: มศว) is a public university in Bangkok, Thailand. Founded in 1949, the university was the first upper-educati ...
s Faculty of Physical Education. Ownership of these buildings was transferred to Chulalongkorn University's School of Sports Science when their lease expired in 1997. Later during renovations by Chulalongkorn University, fragments of marble columns and statues were discovered, and it was concluded that they originated from the palace structure. These are now on display at the School of Sports Science.
Numerous marble fragments have also been found within the site of the National Stadium, but have been left lying around as debris. There have been calls for formal excavation and cataloguing, but no substantial developments have yet emerged.
On the eightieth anniversary of the establishment of Chulalongkorn University in 1997, a set of commemorative postage stamps was issued. Windsor Palace was featured in one of the designs.
References
{{Chulalongkorn University
Former royal residences in Bangkok
Chulalongkorn University
Gothic Revival architecture in Thailand
Demolished buildings and structures in Bangkok
Pathum Wan district