Wieden (;

Central Bavarian Central Bavarian form a subgroup of Bavarian dialects in large parts of Austria and the German state of Bavaria along the Danube river, on the northern side of the Eastern Alps. They are spoken in the ' Old Bavarian' regions of Upper Bavaria ( ...

: ''Wiedn'') is the 4th municipal district of Vienna,

Austria Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine states, one of which is the capital, Vienna, the most populous ...

(german: 4. Bezirk). It is near the centre of Vienna and was established as a district in 1850, but its borders were changed later. Wieden is a small region near the city centre. Wien.gv.at webpage (see below: References). After World War II, Wieden was part of the Soviet sector of Vienna for 10 years. __TOC__

History

The name Wieden was first recorded in 1137, and is thus the oldest '' Vorstadt'' (former municipality within the ''

Linienwall The ''Linienwall'' was an outer line of fortifications for the city of Vienna, Austria, which lay between the city's suburbs and outlying villages. Constructed in 1704, it was razed in 1894 to make way for the Vienna Beltway. Construction The ...

'') of Vienna. The main street ( Wiedner Hauptstraße) is certainly even older. The district was the site of the former royal Summer residence, which was completed under Ferdinand II, and was expanded many times until Maria Theresa sold it to the

Jesuits , image = Ihs-logo.svg , image_size = 175px , caption = ChristogramOfficial seal of the Jesuits , abbreviation = SJ , nickname = Jesuits , formation = , founders = ...

. Today it is the

Theresianum Theresianum (or Theresian Academy; german: Theresianische Akademie) is a private boarding and day school governed by the laws for public schools in Vienna, Austria. It was founded in 1746 by Empress Maria Theresa of Austria. History Early h ...

, a prestigious private boarding school, while the Diplomatic Academy of Vienna resides in a wing of the building. In the beginning of the 18th century, the development of Wieden as a suburb began. Many palaces and other buildings were built. Two small '' Vorstädte'' in the area of the present fourth district were Hungelbrunn and Schamburgergrund. These three areas along with a number of others were incorporated into the city of Vienna as the fourth district on March 6, 1850. Because of social and economic differences,

Margareten Margareten (; bar, Magredn) is the fifth district of Vienna (german: 5. Bezirk, Margareten). It is near the old town of Vienna and was established as a district in 1850, but borders changed later.Freihaus'', built in 1700 and the largest apartment building/tenement of the time, was located in this area, although by 1970 its state had deteriorated. The name has been rehabilitated in recent years to give an identity to the local bars, restaurants and independent retailers.http://freihausviertel.at/ During the occupation by the allies (1945–1955), Wieden was part of the Soviet sector of Vienna. The

Vienna University of Technology TU Wien (TUW; german: Technische Universität Wien; still known in English as the Vienna University of Technology from 1975–2014) is one of the major universities in Vienna, Austria. The university finds high international and domestic recogn ...

is located in this district with its main administration buildings being located in

Karlsplatz Karlsplatz () is a town square on the border of the first and fourth districts of Vienna. It is one of the most frequented and best connected transportation hubs in Vienna. The Karlskirche is located here. The first district can be reached e ...

and a nearby satellite campus in the 6th district across the Wienzeile.

Famous residents

* Johannes Brahms (1833–1897), German composer, lived here * Christoph Willibald Gluck (1714–1787), lived here * Ferdinand Bloch-Bauer (1864–1945 ), sugar manufacturer and art lover, lived here (de) * Karl Kraus (1874–1936), an Austrian writer and journalist, one of the foremost German-language satirists of the 20th century, lived here *

Rosa Mayreder Rosa Mayreder (née Obermeyer; 30 November 1858, in Vienna – 19 January 1938, in Vienna) was an Austrian freethinker, author, painter, musician and feminist. She was the daughter of Marie and Franz Arnold Obermayer who was a wealthy restaurant ...

(1858–1938), an Austrian freethinker, author, painter, musician and feminist * Emanuel Schikaneder (1751–1812), a German impresario * Johann Strauss II. (1825–1899), composer of light music, particularly dance music and operettas, lived here *

Nicholas Treadwell Nicholas Treadwell (born 1937) owns the Nicholas Treadwell Gallery, which started in 1963 in touring vehicles, after which it was run in buildings in London, Bradford and finally Austria. Treadwell has promoted the Superhumanism art movement, whi ...

(1937), gallerist, art collector and performer * Cäcilia Cordula Weber, ''née Stamm'' (1727 – 1793), the mother of Constanze Weber, wife of

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (27 January 17565 December 1791), baptised as Joannes Chrysostomus Wolfgangus Theophilus Mozart, was a prolific and influential composer of the Classical period. Despite his short life, his rapid pace of composition r ...

, died here * Josephine Haas (later ''Haas von Längenfeld-Pfalzheim'') (1783,

Burglengenfeld Burglengenfeld is a town in the district of Schwandorf, in Bavaria, Germany. It is situated on the river Naab, 22 km north of Regensburg. Climate Climate in this area has mild differences between highs and lows, and there is adequate rainfa ...

- 1846), a female German-Austrian philanthropist, lived and died here (de) Karlskirche Wien September 2016

* Joseph Ulrich Danhauser (1780 - 1829), Austrian furniture maker, father of Josef Danhauser (de) * Josef Feid (1806–1870, Weidling), Austrian painter, born here (de) * Adalbert Nikolaus Fuchs (1814, Wieden - 1886, Kritzendorf), Austrian agricultural scientist, born here (de) *

Karl Lueger Karl Lueger (; 24 October 1844 – 10 March 1910) was an Austrian politician, mayor of Vienna, and leader and founder of the Austrian Christian Social Party. He is credited with the transformation of the city of Vienna into a modern city. The pop ...

(1844–1910), Viennese mayor, born here * Johann Matthias Ranftl (1804–1854), Austrian artist, born here (de) * Johann Heinrich Steudel (1825–1891, Weikersdorf), politician, born here (Schaumburgergrund, now Wieden) (de)

Sights

* Freihaus *

Karlskirche The ''Rektoratskirche St. Karl Borromäus'', commonly called the ''Karlskirche'' (), is a Baroque church located on the south side of Karlsplatz in Vienna, Austria. Widely considered the most outstanding baroque church in Vienna, as well as one ...

: (St. Charles's Church) a famous and special baroque church *

Naschmarkt The Naschmarkt is Vienna's most popular market. Located at the Wienzeile over the Wien River, it is about long. The Naschmarkt has existed since the 16th century when mainly milk bottles were sold (as milk bottles were made out of ash (wood fro ...

: the famous and the largest market of Vienna (fruits and vegetables and more recently bars and restaurants) *

Karlsplatz Stadtbahn Station Karlsplatz Stadtbahn Station is a former station of the Viennese ''Stadtbahn''. The buildings above ground on Karlsplatz are a well-known example of ''Jugendstil'' architecture. These buildings were included in The Vienna Secession, as they foll ...

: Art Nouveau building constructed by

Otto Wagner Otto Koloman Wagner (; 13 July 1841 – 11 April 1918) was an Austrian architect, furniture designer and urban planner. He was a leading member of the Vienna Secession movement of architecture, founded in 1897, and the broader Art Nouveau move ...

Vienna Museum The Vienna Museum (german: Wien Museum or ''Museen der Stadt Wien'') is a group of museums in Vienna consisting of the museums of the history of the city. In addition to the main building in Karlsplatz and the Hermesvilla, the group includes nu ...

: museum covering Vienna's history * ORF building The headquarters of the national broadcaster's radio stations.

Notes

References

* "Wien - 5. Bezirk/Wieden", Wien.gv.at, 2008, webpage (15 subpages)
Wien.gv.at-wieden
(in German). {{Authority control Districts of Vienna States and territories established in 1137