Walter Rudin
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Walter Rudin (May 2, 1921 – May 20, 2010) was an Austrian- American
mathematician A mathematician is someone who uses an extensive knowledge of mathematics in their work, typically to solve mathematical problems. Mathematicians are concerned with numbers, data, quantity, mathematical structure, structure, space, Mathematica ...
and professor of mathematics at the
University of Wisconsin–Madison The University of Wisconsin–Madison (University of Wisconsin, Wisconsin, UW, UW–Madison, or simply Madison) is a public land-grant research university in Madison, Wisconsin, United States. It was founded in 1848 when Wisconsin achieved st ...
. In addition to his contributions to complex and
harmonic analysis Harmonic analysis is a branch of mathematics concerned with investigating the connections between a function and its representation in frequency. The frequency representation is found by using the Fourier transform for functions on unbounded do ...
, Rudin was known for his
mathematical analysis Analysis is the branch of mathematics dealing with continuous functions, limit (mathematics), limits, and related theories, such as Derivative, differentiation, Integral, integration, measure (mathematics), measure, infinite sequences, series ( ...
textbooks: '' Principles of Mathematical Analysis'', ''Real and Complex Analysis'', and ''Functional Analysis.'' Rudin wrote ''Principles of Mathematical Analysis'' only two years after obtaining his Ph.D. from Duke University, while he was a C. L. E. Moore Instructor at MIT. ''Principles'', acclaimed for its elegance and clarity, has since become a standard textbook for introductory real analysis courses in the United States. Rudin's analysis textbooks have also been influential in mathematical education worldwide, having been translated into 13 languages, including Russian, Chinese, and Spanish.


Biography

Rudin was born into a
Jewish Jews (, , ), or the Jewish people, are an ethnoreligious group and nation, originating from the Israelites of History of ancient Israel and Judah, ancient Israel and Judah. They also traditionally adhere to Judaism. Jewish ethnicity, rel ...
family in
Austria Austria, formally the Republic of Austria, is a landlocked country in Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine Federal states of Austria, states, of which the capital Vienna is the List of largest cities in Aust ...
in 1921. He was enrolled for a period of time at a Swiss boarding school, the Institut auf dem Rosenberg, where he was part of a small program that prepared its students for entry to British universities. His family fled to
France France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe. Overseas France, Its overseas regions and territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the Atlantic Ocean#North Atlan ...
after the
Anschluss The (, or , ), also known as the (, ), was the annexation of the Federal State of Austria into Nazi Germany on 12 March 1938. The idea of an (a united Austria and Germany that would form a "German Question, Greater Germany") arose after t ...
in 1938. When France surrendered to Germany in 1940, Rudin fled to England and served in the
Royal Navy The Royal Navy (RN) is the naval warfare force of the United Kingdom. It is a component of His Majesty's Naval Service, and its officers hold their commissions from the King of the United Kingdom, King. Although warships were used by Kingdom ...
for the rest of
World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...
, after which he left for the United States. He obtained both his B.A. in 1947 and Ph.D. in 1949 from
Duke University Duke University is a Private university, private research university in Durham, North Carolina, United States. Founded by Methodists and Quakers in the present-day city of Trinity, North Carolina, Trinity in 1838, the school moved to Durham in 1 ...
. After his Ph.D., he was a C.L.E. Moore instructor at
MIT The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is a private research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States. Established in 1861, MIT has played a significant role in the development of many areas of modern technology and sc ...
. He briefly taught at the
University of Rochester The University of Rochester is a private university, private research university in Rochester, New York, United States. It was founded in 1850 and moved into its current campus, next to the Genesee River in 1930. With approximately 30,000 full ...
before becoming a professor at the
University of Wisconsin–Madison The University of Wisconsin–Madison (University of Wisconsin, Wisconsin, UW, UW–Madison, or simply Madison) is a public land-grant research university in Madison, Wisconsin, United States. It was founded in 1848 when Wisconsin achieved st ...
where he remained for 32 years. His research interests ranged from
harmonic analysis Harmonic analysis is a branch of mathematics concerned with investigating the connections between a function and its representation in frequency. The frequency representation is found by using the Fourier transform for functions on unbounded do ...
to
complex analysis Complex analysis, traditionally known as the theory of functions of a complex variable, is the branch of mathematical analysis that investigates functions of complex numbers. It is helpful in many branches of mathematics, including algebraic ...
. In 1970 Rudin was an Invited Speaker at the
International Congress of Mathematicians The International Congress of Mathematicians (ICM) is the largest conference for the topic of mathematics. It meets once every four years, hosted by the International Mathematical Union (IMU). The Fields Medals, the IMU Abacus Medal (known before ...
in Nice. He was awarded the Leroy P. Steele Prize for Mathematical Exposition in 1993 for authorship of the now classic analysis texts, ''Principles of Mathematical Analysis'' and ''Real and Complex Analysis.'' He received an honorary degree from the
University of Vienna The University of Vienna (, ) is a public university, public research university in Vienna, Austria. Founded by Rudolf IV, Duke of Austria, Duke Rudolph IV in 1365, it is the oldest university in the German-speaking world and among the largest ...
in 2006. In 1953, he married fellow mathematician Mary Ellen Estill, known for her work in set-theoretic topology. The two resided in
Madison, Wisconsin Madison is the List of capitals in the United States, capital city of the U.S. state of Wisconsin. It is the List of municipalities in Wisconsin by population, second-most populous city in the state, with a population of 269,840 at the 2020 Uni ...
, in the eponymous Walter Rudin House, a home designed by architect
Frank Lloyd Wright Frank Lloyd Wright Sr. (June 8, 1867 – April 9, 1959) was an American architect, designer, writer, and educator. He designed List of Frank Lloyd Wright works, more than 1,000 structures over a creative period of 70 years. Wright played a key ...
. They had four children. Rudin died on May 20, 2010, after suffering from
Parkinson's disease Parkinson's disease (PD), or simply Parkinson's, is a neurodegenerative disease primarily of the central nervous system, affecting both motor system, motor and non-motor systems. Symptoms typically develop gradually and non-motor issues become ...
.


Selected publications

;Ph.D. thesis * ;Selected research articles * * * * *
Totally real Klein bottles in ^2
;Books Textbooks: * (1953; 3rd ed., 1976, 342 pp.) * (1966; 3rd ed., 1987, 416 pp.) * * (1973; 2nd ed., 1991, 424 pp.) Monographs: * (1962) * (1969) *''Function Theory in the Unit Ball of'' \mathbb^n. (1980) Autobiography: *


Major awards

* Steele Prize for Mathematical Exposition (1993)


See also

* Helson–Kahane–Katznelson–Rudin theorem *
Rudin–Shapiro sequence In mathematics, the Rudin–Shapiro sequence, also known as the Golay–Rudin–Shapiro sequence, is an infinite 2- automatic sequence named after Marcel Golay, Harold S. Shapiro, and Walter Rudin, who investigated its properties. Definition E ...
* Rudin's conjecture


References


External links

*
UW Mathematics Dept obituaryMathDL obituary
*
Walter B. Rudin, "Set Theory: An Offspring of Analysis" (1990 Morris Marden Lecture) – YouTube
{{DEFAULTSORT:Rudin, Walter 1921 births 2010 deaths 20th-century American mathematicians 21st-century American mathematicians Neurological disease deaths in Wisconsin Deaths from Parkinson's disease in the United States Duke University alumni Complex analysts Functional analysts American mathematical analysts Operator theorists University of Wisconsin–Madison faculty American people of Austrian-Jewish descent Massachusetts Institute of Technology School of Science faculty Austrian emigrants to the United States Institut auf dem Rosenberg alumni