Adolpho Ducke (October 19, 1876 – January 5, 1959), (also referred to as Adolfo Ducke and occasionally misspelled "Duque"), was a notable
entomologist
Entomology () is the scientific study of insects, a branch of zoology. In the past the term "insect" was less specific, and historically the definition of entomology would also include the study of animals in other arthropod groups, such as arach ...
,
botanist
Botany, also called , plant biology or phytology, is the science of plant life and a branch of biology. A botanist, plant scientist or phytologist is a scientist who specialises in this field. The term "botany" comes from the Ancient Greek wo ...
and
ethnographer specializing in Amazonia. According to family records, he was an ethnic German with roots in Trieste
Austro-Hungary (now in
Italy). German was his first language; that is, the German commonly spoken in Trieste in the 19th century. Most of his books were written in German.
Recruited by
EmĂlio Goeldi EmĂlio is a variant of the given names Emil, Emilio and Emilios, and may refer to:
*EmĂlio Garrastazu MĂ©dici, Brazilian politician
*EmĂlio Peixe, Brazilian footballer
*EmĂlio Lino, Portuguese fencer
*EmĂlio da Silva, footballer
*EmĂlio Aug ...
, Ducke began his work in
AmazĂ´nia as an
entomologist
Entomology () is the scientific study of insects, a branch of zoology. In the past the term "insect" was less specific, and historically the definition of entomology would also include the study of animals in other arthropod groups, such as arach ...
for the
Museu Paraense EmĂlio Goeldi
The Museu Paraense EmĂlio Goeldi (MPEG) is a Brazilian research institution and museum located in the city of BelĂ©m, state of Pará, Brazil. It was founded in 1866 by Domingos Soares Ferreira Penna as the Pará Museum of Natural History and E ...
, but due to the influence of botanists
Jacques HĂĽber and
Paul Le Cointe
Paul may refer to:
*Paul (given name), a given name (includes a list of people with that name)
*Paul (surname), a list of people
People
Christianity
*Paul the Apostle (AD c.5–c.64/65), also known as Saul of Tarsus or Saint Paul, early Chris ...
, he switched to botany. He traveled throughout AmazĂ´nia to study the complicated
tree system of the rainforest. He published 180 articles and monographs, primarily on the
, and he described 900 species and 50 new genera. In 1918, while continuing his work for the Paraense Museum, he collaborated with the
Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden and the
Instituto AgronĂ´mico do Norte. In the first half of the 20th century, he became one of the most respected authorities on the Amazonian
flora. In 1954, his concerns about the future of the Amazonian forest led him to make a suggestion to the
National Institute of Amazonian Research (INPA) for the creation of a nature reserve. He died in
Fortaleza
Fortaleza (, locally , Portuguese for ''Fortress'') is the state capital of Ceará, located in Northeastern Brazil. It belongs to the Metropolitan mesoregion of Fortaleza and microregion of Fortaleza. It is Brazil's 5th largest city and the t ...
in 1959 before witnessing the fulfillment of his dream: In 1963, the
Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke
Adolfo Ducke Forest Reserve (Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke) is a protected section of the Amazon rainforest within the city of Manaus, Brazil.
The reserve was established in 1963 in honour of the entomologist and botanist Adolfo Ducke (Octobe ...
was established and named in his honour. Also named in his honour is a botanical garden east of
Manaus
Manaus () is the capital and largest city of the Brazilian state of Amazonas. It is the seventh-largest city in Brazil, with an estimated 2020 population of 2,219,580 distributed over a land area of about . Located at the east center of the s ...
, and the phytochemical research laboratory at the museum in Belém.
Ducke's entomological material is currently located at the
Museu Paraense EmĂlio Goeldi
The Museu Paraense EmĂlio Goeldi (MPEG) is a Brazilian research institution and museum located in the city of BelĂ©m, state of Pará, Brazil. It was founded in 1866 by Domingos Soares Ferreira Penna as the Pará Museum of Natural History and E ...
in Belém, the
Natural History Museum of Bern, the Museu de Zoologia of the
University of SĂŁo Paulo, and
The Natural History Museum, in London. Ducke's general classification of the Neotropical social wasps is still used. Additionally, Ducke is known for his findings on the species ''
Melipona subnitida'', a species which he discovered and did significant field research on.
Honours
Adolpho Ducke has been honoured in the naming of several
genera
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nomenclat ...
of plants including; ''
Duckea'' (in 1958 ), ''
Duckeanthus
''Duckeanthus'' is a genus of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Brazil. It contains a single species, ''Duckeanthus grandiflorus''. Robert Elias Fries, the Swedish botanist who first formally described it, named it in honor of Ado ...
'' (in 1934 ), ''
Duckeella'' (in 1939 ), ''
Duckeodendron
''Duckeodendron'' is a genus of flowering plant in the family Solanaceae represented by a single species, ''Duckeodendron cestroides''. A tree reaching 15 to 30 m, it is found in the Amazon rainforest of Brazil. Its common names include pincel ...
'' (in 1925 ) and ''
Duckesia
''Duckesia'' is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Humiriaceae.
Its native range is Venezuela, Brazil and Peru.
The genus name of ''Duckesia'' is in honour of Adolpho Ducke (1876–1959), an entomologist, botanist and ethnograph ...
'' (in 1961 ).
Entomological publications
* Ducke, A. (1897). ''Ent. Nachr., 23'', 38-43.
* Ducke, A. (1898). ''Ent. Nachr., 24'', 212-217, 257-262.
* Ducke, A. (1899). ''Ent. Nachr., 25'', 211-215.
* Ducke, A. (1900). ''Ber. Ver., 25'', 1-323.
* Ducke, A. (1901). ''Zeitschr. Syst. Hymenopterol. Dipterol., 1'', 353-361.
* Ducke, A. (1901). ''Zeitschr. Syst. Hymenopterol. Dipterol., 1'', 25-32, 49-67.
* Ducke, A. (1901). ''Zeitschr. Syst. Hymenopterol. Dipterol., 1'', 241-242.
* Ducke, A. (1902). ''Bol. Mus. Paraense Emilio Goeldi, 3'', 561-577.
* Ducke, A. (1902). ''Allg. Zeitschr. Entomol., 7'', 321-325, 360-368, 400-404, 417-421.
* Ducke, A. (1902). ''Zool. Jb. Abt. Syst. Geogr. Biol. Tiere, 17'', 285-328.
* Ducke, A. (1902). ''Zeitschr. Syst. Hymenopterol. Dipterol., 2'', 91-93.
* Ducke, A. (1902). ''Zeitschr. Syst. Hymenopterol. Dipterol., 2'', 102-103.
* Ducke, A. (1902). ''Zeitschr. Syst. Hymenopterol. Dipterol., 2'', 141-144.
* Ducke, A. (1902). ''Verhandl. Zool. Bot. Ges., 52'', 575-580.
* Ducke, A. (1902). ''Zeitschr. Syst. Hymenopterol. Dipterol., 2'', 204-207.
* Ducke, A. (1902). ''Zeitschr. Syst. Hymenopterol. Dipterol., 3'', 97-104.
* Ducke, A. (1903). ''Zeitschr. Syst. Hymenopterol. Dipterol., 3'', 176-177.
* Ducke, A. (1903). ''Allgem. Zeitschr. Ent., 8'', 368-372.
* Ducke, A. (1903). ''Allg. Zeit. Entomol., 8'', 368.
* Ducke, A. (1903). ''Verhandlungen der kaiserlich-königlichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 53'', 265-270.
* Ducke, A. (1903). ''Zeitschr. Syst. Hymenopterol. Dipterol., 3'', 129-136, 226-232.
* Ducke, A. (1904). ''Zeitschr. Syst. Hymenopterol. Dipterol., 4'', 209-214.
* Ducke, A. (1904). ''Zeitschr. Syst. Hymenopterol. Dipterol., 4'', 189-190.
* Ducke, A. (1904). ''Boll. Soc. Ent. Ital., 36'', 13-48.
* Ducke, A. (1904). ''Bol. Mus. EmĂlio Goeldi, 4'', 317-371.
* Ducke, A. (1904). ''Zeitschr. Syst. Hymenopterol. Dipterol., 4''(3), 134-143.
* Ducke, A. (1904). ''Zeitschr. Syst. Hymenopterol. Dipterol., 4'', 91-98.
* Ducke, A. (1905). ''Zeitschr. wiss. Insektenbiol., 10/11'', 175-177, 117-121.
* Ducke, A. (1905). ''Rev. Ent., 24'', 1-24.
* Ducke, A. (1905). ''Bol. Mus. EmĂlio Goeldi, 4'', 652-698.
* Ducke, A. (1905). ''Boll. Soc. Ent. Ital., 36'', 99-109.
* Ducke, A. (1905). ''Zeitschr. Syst. Hymenopterol. Dipterol., 5'', 227-229.
* Ducke, A. (1906). ''Boll. Soc. Ent. Ital., 38'', 3-19.
* Ducke, A. (1906). ''Zeitschr. Syst. Hymenopterol. Dipterol., 6'', 394-400.
* Ducke, A. (1906). ''Zeitschr. wiss. Insektenbiol., 2'', 17-21.
* Ducke, A. (1906). ''Rev. Ent., 25'', 5-11.
* Ducke, A. (1906). ''Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr., 1906'', 163-166.
* Ducke, A. (1906). ''Zeitschr. Syst. Hymenopterol. Dipterol., 2'', 51-60.
* Ducke, A. (1906). (Second suppl.). ''Boll. Soc. Ent. Ital., 38'', 3-19.
* Ducke, A. (1907 (1908)). ''Rev. Ent., 26'', 73-96.
* Ducke, A. (1907). ''Zeitschr. Syst. Hymenopterol. Dipterol., 7'', 80, 321-325, 361-368, 455-461.
* Ducke, A. (1907). ''Rev. Ent., 26'', 5-9.
* Ducke, A. (1907). ''Rev. Ent., 26'', 145-148.
* Ducke, A. (1907). ''Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., 76'', 28-30.
* Ducke, A. (1907). ''Bol. Mus. Paraense EmĂlio Goeldi, 5'', 152-199.
* Ducke, A. (1907). ''Zeitschr. Syst. Hymenopterol. Dipterol., 7'', 137-141.
* Ducke, A. (1908). ''Dt. ent. Zeitschr., 1908'', 695-700.
* Ducke, A. (1908). II. Hyménoptères récoltés dans l'Etat de Ceará en 1908. ''Rev. Ent., 27'', 57-87.
* Ducke, A. (1908). ''Rev. Ent., 27'', 28-55.
* Ducke, A. (1908). ''Zeitschr. Syst. Hymenopterol. Dipterol., 8'', 44-47, 99-104.
* Ducke, A. (1909 (1911)). ''Boll. Soc. Ent. Ital., 41'', 89-115.
* Ducke, A. (1909). ''Ann. Hist. Nat. Mus. Nat. Hungarici, 7'', 626-627.
* Ducke, A. (1909). ''Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr., 18'', 306-309.
* Ducke, A. (1909). ''Boll. Soc. Ent. Ital., 41'', 89-115.
* Ducke, A. (1910). ''Rev. Ent., 29'', 78-122.
* Ducke, A. (1910). ''Rev. Ent., 29'', 73-77.
* Ducke, A. (1910). ''Rev. Trimestral do Instituto do Ceará, 24'', 3-61.
* Ducke, A. (1910). ''Ann. Mus. Nat. Hungarici, 8'', 449-544.
* Ducke, A. (1910). ''Rev. Ent., 29'', 180-192.
* Ducke, A. (1910). ''Deutsch. Ent. Zeitschr., 1910'', 362-369.
* Ducke, A. (1912). ''Zool. Jb. Abt. Syst. Geogr. Biol. Tiere, 34'', 51-116.
* Ducke, A. (1913). ''Catálogos da Fauna Brazileira, Museu Paulista, 4'', 1-31.
* Ducke, A. (1913). ''Rev. Mus. Paulista, 5'', 107-122.
* Ducke, A. (1913). ''Deutsch. Ent. Zeitschr., 1913'', 330-333.
* Ducke, A. (1914). ''Zool. Jb. Abt. Syst. Geogr. Biol. Tiere, 36'', 303-330.
* Ducke, A. (1916). ''Commissão de Linhas Telegráficas Estratégicas de Matto Grosso ao Amazonas, 35 (anexo 5)'', 1-175.
* Ducke, A. (1918). ''Rev. Mus. Paulista, 10'', 314-374.
* Ducke, A. (1925). ''Zool. Jb. Abt. Syst. Geogr. Biol. Tiere, 49'', 335-448.
Botanical publications
* Ducke, A. (1910). Explorações botânicas e entomológicas no Estado do Ceará. ''Rev. Trimestral do Instituto do Ceará, 24'', 3-61.
References
Other sources
* Egler, W. A. (1963). Adolpho Ducke-traços biográficos, viagens e trabalhos. ''Boletim do Museu EmĂlio Goeldi. Nova sĂ©rie. Botânica, 18'', 1-129.
* Overal, W. L. (1978). Designação de lectĂłtipos de onze espĂ©cies de vespas sociais descritas por Adolpho Ducke, e notas sobre a coleção Ducke (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). ''Bol. Mus. Paraense EmĂlio Goeldi, n.s., Zool., 94'', 1-14.
* Nascimento, P. T. R., & Overal, W. L. (1979). Contribuições entomolĂłgicas de Adolpho Ducke: taxĂ´nomia e bibliográfia. ''Bol. Mus. Paraense EmĂlio Goeldi, n.s., Zool., 95'', 1-22.
* Overal, W. L. (1979). The collection of Adolph Ducke. ''Sphecos, 1'', 17-19.
* Overal, W. L., & Nascimento, P. T. R. (1979). Contribuições entomolĂłgicas de Adolpho Ducke: Taxonomia e bibliografia. ''Bol. Mus. Paraense EmĂlio Goeldi, n.s., Zool., 95'', 1-17.
* Carpenter, J. M. (1999). Taxonomic notes on paper wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae; Polistinae). ''American Museum Novitates(3259), 1-44.
External links
Botanist of the Brazilian Rainforest*
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ducke, Adolpho
1876 births
1959 deaths
Brazilian ethnographers
Hymenopterists
20th-century Brazilian botanists
Brazilian people of Austrian descent
Brazilian people of Italian descent
19th-century Brazilian botanists
Brazilian entomologists