Vinton Gray Cerf (; born June 23, 1943) is an American

Internet pioneer Instead of having a single "inventor", the Internet was developed by many people over many years. The following are some Internet pioneers who contributed to its early and ongoing development. These include early theoretical foundations, specifyi ...

and is recognized as one of " the fathers of the Internet", sharing this title with

TCP/IP The Internet protocol suite, commonly known as TCP/IP, is a framework for organizing the set of communication protocols used in the Internet and similar computer networks according to functional criteria. The foundational protocols in the su ...

co-developer Bob Kahn. He has received honorary degrees and awards that include the National Medal of Technology, the

Turing Award The ACM A. M. Turing Award is an annual prize given by the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) for contributions of lasting and major technical importance to computer science. It is generally recognized as the highest distinction in compu ...

,Cerf wins Turing Award
February 16, 2005 the Presidential Medal of Freedom,2005 Presidential Medal of Freedom recipients
from the White House website the Marconi Prize, and membership in the National Academy of Engineering.

Life and career

Vinton Gray Cerf was born in

New Haven, Connecticut New Haven is a city in the U.S. state of Connecticut. It is located on New Haven Harbor on the northern shore of Long Island Sound in New Haven County, Connecticut and is part of the New York City metropolitan area. With a population of 134 ...

on June 23, 1943, the son of Muriel (née Gray) and Vinton Thurston Cerf. Cerf attended Van Nuys High School with Jon Postel and

Steve Crocker Stephen D. Crocker (born October 15, 1944) is the inventor of the Request for Comments series, authoring the first RFC and many more. He attended Van Nuys High School, as did Vint Cerf and Jon Postel. Crocker received his bachelor's degree (1 ...

. While in high school, Cerf worked at Rocketdyne on the Apollo program and helped write statistical analysis software for the non-destructive tests of the F-1 engines. Cerf received a Bachelor of Science degree in mathematics from

Stanford University Stanford University, officially Leland Stanford Junior University, is a private research university in Stanford, California. The campus occupies , among the largest in the United States, and enrolls over 17,000 students. Stanford is conside ...

. After college, Cerf worked at IBM as a

systems engineer Systems engineering is an interdisciplinary field of engineering and engineering management that focuses on how to design, integrate, and manage complex systems over their life cycles. At its core, systems engineering utilizes systems thinking ...

supporting QUIKTRAN for two years. Cerf and his wife Sigrid both have hearing deficiencies; they met at a

hearing aid A hearing aid is a device designed to improve hearing by making sound audible to a person with hearing loss. Hearing aids are classified as medical devices in most countries, and regulated by the respective regulations. Small audio amplifiers s ...

agent's practice in the 1960s, which led him to becoming an advocate for accessibility. They would later join a Methodist church. He left IBM to attend graduate school at the University of California, Los Angeles, where he earned his M.S. degree in 1970 and his PhD in 1972. Cerf studied under Professor

Gerald Estrin Gerald Estrin (September 9, 1921 – March 29, 2012) was an American computer scientist, and professor at the UCLA Computer Science Department. He is known for his work on the organization of computer systems, on parallel processing and SARA ...

and worked in Professor Leonard Kleinrock's

data packet In telecommunications and computer networking, a network packet is a formatted unit of data carried by a packet-switched network. A packet consists of control information and user data; the latter is also known as the ''payload''. Control info ...

networking group that connected the first two nodes of the

ARPANET The Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET) was the first wide-area packet-switched network with distributed control and one of the first networks to implement the TCP/IP protocol suite. Both technologies became the technical fou ...

, the first node on the Internet, and "contributed to a host-to-host protocol" for the ARPANET. While at UCLA, Cerf met Bob Kahn, who was working on the ARPANET system architecture. Cerf wrote the first TCP protocol with Yogen Dalal and Carl Sunshine, called ''Specification of Internet Transmission Control Program'' (), published in December 1974. Cerf worked as assistant professor at Stanford University from 1972 to 1976 where he conducted research on packet network interconnection protocols and co-designed the DoD TCP/IP protocol suite with Kahn. Vinton Cerf-20070512

Cerf worked at the United States Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) from 1973 to 1982 and funded various groups to develop

, packet radio ( PRNET), packet satellite ( SATNET) and packet security technology. These efforts were rooted in the needs of the military. In the late 1980s, Cerf moved to MCI where he helped develop the first commercial email system ( MCI Mail) to be connected to the Internet. Cerf is active in a number of global humanitarian organizations. Cerf is also known for his sartorial style, typically appearing in a three-piece suit—a rarity in an industry known for its casual dress norms. As vice president of MCI Digital Information Services from 1982 to 1986, Cerf led the engineering of MCI Mail, the first commercial email service to be connected to the Internet. In 1986, he joined Bob Kahn at the Corporation for National Research Initiatives as its vice president, working with Kahn on Digital Libraries, Knowledge Robots, and gigabit speed networks. Since 1988 Cerf lobbied for the privatization of the internet. In 1992, he and Kahn, among others, founded the Internet Society (ISOC) to provide leadership in education, policy and standards related to the Internet. Cerf served as the first president of ISOC. Cerf rejoined MCI during 1994 and served as Senior Vice President of Technology Strategy. In this role, he helped to guide corporate strategy development from a technical perspective. Previously, he served as MCI's senior vice president of Architecture and Technology, leading a team of architects and engineers to design advanced networking frameworks, including Internet-based solutions for delivering a combination of data, information, voice and video services for business and consumer use. During 1997, Cerf joined the Board of Trustees of Gallaudet University, a university for the education of the deaf and hard-of-hearing. Cerf himself is hard of hearing. He has also served on the university's Board of Associates. Cerf, as leader of MCI's internet business, was criticized due to MCI's role in providing the IP addresses used by Send-Safe.com, a vendor of spamware that uses a botnet in order to send spam. MCI refused to terminate the spamware vendor. At the time, Spamhaus also listed MCI as the ISP with the most Spamhaus Block List listings. Cerf has worked for

Google Google LLC () is an American Multinational corporation, multinational technology company focusing on Search Engine, search engine technology, online advertising, cloud computing, software, computer software, quantum computing, e-commerce, ar ...

as a vice president and Chief Internet Evangelist since October 2005. In this function he has become well known for his predictions on how technology will affect future society, encompassing such areas as

artificial intelligence Artificial intelligence (AI) is intelligence—perceiving, synthesizing, and inferring information—demonstrated by machines, as opposed to intelligence displayed by animals and humans. Example tasks in which this is done include speech ...

, environmentalism, the advent of

IPv6 Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) is the most recent version of the Internet Protocol (IP), the communications protocol that provides an identification and location system for computers on networks and routes traffic across the Internet. I ...

and the transformation of the television industry and its delivery model. Since 2010, Cerf has served as a Commissioner for the

Broadband Commission for Digital Development The Broadband Commission for Sustainable Development (until 2015: Digital Development) was established in May 2010 as a joint initiative by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) and the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural ...

, a UN body which aims to make broadband internet technologies more widely available. Cerf helped fund and establish ICANN, the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers. He joined the board in 1999, and served until November 2007. He was chairman from November 2000 to his departure from the Board. Cerf was a member of Bulgarian President Georgi Parvanov's IT Advisory Council (from March 2002 – January 2012). He is also a member of the advisory board of

Eurasia Group Eurasia Group is a political risk consultancy founded in 1998 by Ian Bremmer. History Eurasia Group reports on emerging markets including frontier and developed economies, in addition to establishing practices focused on geo-technology and ener ...

, the political risk consultancy. Cerf is also working on the Interplanetary Internet, together with

NASA The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA ) is an independent agency of the US federal government responsible for the civil space program, aeronautics research, and space research. NASA was established in 1958, succeedin ...

Jet Propulsion Laboratory The Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) is a Federally funded research and development centers, federally funded research and development center and NASA field center in the City of La Cañada Flintridge, California, La Cañada Flintridge, California ...

and other NASA laboratories. It will be a new standard to communicate from planet to planet, using radio/laser communications that are tolerant of signal degradations including variable delay and disruption caused, for example, by celestial motion. On February 7, 2006, Cerf testified before the

U.S. Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation The United States Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation is a standing committee of the United States Senate. Besides having broad jurisdiction over all matters concerning interstate commerce, science and technology policy, ...

's hearing on net neutrality. Speaking as Google's Chief Internet Evangelist, Cerf noted that nearly half of all consumers lacked meaningful choice in broadband providers and expressed concerns that without network neutrality government regulation, broadband providers would be able to use their dominance to limit options for consumers and charge companies like Google for their use of bandwidth. Cerf currently serves on the board of advisors of

Scientists and Engineers for America Scientists and Engineers for America (SEA) was an organization focused on promoting sound science in American government, and supporting candidates who understand science and its applications. SEA was formed on September 27, 2006, and describes it ...

, an organization focused on promoting sound science in American government. He also serves on the advisory council of CRDF Global (Civilian Research and Development Foundation) and was on the International Multilateral Partnership Against Cyber Threats (IMPACT) International Advisory Board. Cerf was elected as the president of the Association for Computing Machinery in May 2012ACM Elects Vint Cerf as President
from the ACM website and joined the Council on CyberSecurity's Board of Advisors in August 2013. From 2011 to 2016, Cerf was chairman of the board of trustees of

ARIN The American Registry for Internet Numbers (ARIN) is the regional Internet registry for Canada, the United States, and many Caribbean and North Atlantic islands. ARIN manages the distribution of Internet number resources, including IPv4 and IP ...

, the Regional Internet Registry (RIR) of IP addresses for United States, Canada, and part of the Caribbean. Until Fall 2015, Cerf chaired the board of directors of

StopBadware StopBadware was an anti-malware nonprofit organization focused on making the Web safer through the prevention, mitigation, and remediation of badware websites. It is the successor to StopBadware.org, a project started in 2006 at the Berkman Cent ...

, a non-profit anti-malware organization that started as a project at Harvard University's Berkman Center for Internet & Society. Cerf is on the board of advisors to The Liquid Information Company Ltd of the UK, which works to make the web more usefully interactive and which has produced the Mac OS X utility called 'Liquid'. Vint Cerf is a member of the

CuriosityStream Curiosity Stream also know as (Curiosity Channel) is an American media company and subscription video streaming service that offers documentary programming including films, series, and TV shows. It was launched in 2015 by the founder of the Disc ...

Advisory Board. During 2008, Cerf chaired the Internationalized domain name (IDNAbis) working group of the

IETF The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) is a standards organization for the Internet and is responsible for the technical standards that make up the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP). It has no formal membership roster or requirements an ...

. In 2008 Cerf was a major contender to be designated the first U.S. Chief Technology Officer by President

Barack Obama Barack Hussein Obama II ( ; born August 4, 1961) is an American politician who served as the 44th president of the United States from 2009 to 2017. A member of the Democratic Party (United States), Democratic Party, Obama was the first Af ...

. Cerf is the co-chair of Campus Party Silicon Valley, the US edition of one of the largest technology festivals in the world, along with

Al Gore Albert Arnold Gore Jr. (born March 31, 1948) is an American politician, businessman, and environmentalist who served as the 45th vice president of the United States from 1993 to 2001 under President Bill Clinton. Gore was the Democratic ...

and Tim Berners-Lee. From 2009 to 2011, Cerf was an elected member of the Governing Board of the

Smart Grid Interoperability Panel Smart Grid Interoperability Panel or SGIP is an organization that defines requirements for a smarter electric grid by driving interoperability, the use of standard, and collaborating across organizations to address gaps and issue hindering the dep ...

(SGIP). SGIP is a public-private consortium established by NIST in 2009 and provides a forum for businesses and other stakeholder groups to participate in coordinating and accelerating development of standards for the evolving Smart Grid. Cerf was elected to a two-year term as president of the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) beginning July 1, 2012. In 2015 Cerf co-founded (with Mei Lin Fung), and is currently chairman of, People-Centered Internet (PCI). On January 16, 2013, U.S. President

announced his intent to appoint Cerf to the National Science Board. Cerf served until May 2018 when his six-year term expired. Cerf is also among the 15 members of governing council of

International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad International is an adjective (also used as a noun) meaning "between nations". International may also refer to: Music Albums * ''International'' (Kevin Michael album), 2011 * ''International'' (New Order album), 2002 * ''International'' (The T ...

. In June 2016, his work with NASA led to

delay-tolerant networking Delay-tolerant networking (DTN) is an approach to computer network architecture that seeks to address the technical issues in heterogeneous networks that may lack continuous network connectivity. Examples of such networks are those operating in mo ...

being installed on the

International Space Station The International Space Station (ISS) is the largest Modular design, modular space station currently in low Earth orbit. It is a multinational collaborative project involving five participating space agencies: NASA (United States), Roscosmos ( ...

with an aim towards an Interplanetary Internet. Since at least 2015, Cerf has been raising concerns about the wide-ranging risks of digital obsolescence, the potential of losing much historic information about our time – a digital "Dark Age" or "black hole" – given the ubiquitous digital storage of text, data, images, music and more. Among the concerns are the long-term storage of, and continued reliable access to, our vast stores of present-day digital data and the associated programs, operating systems, computers and peripherals required to access such. In March 2020, Cerf confirmed that he had tested positive for

COVID-19 Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a contagious disease caused by a virus, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The first known case was identified in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. The disease quick ...

. He announced the news via a tweet in which he also criticized President Donald Trump for the way he was handling the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. On April 3, 2020, Cerf announced via Twitter that VA Public Health had certified his wife and himself as no longer contagious with the virus.

Awards and honors

Cerf has received a number of honorary degrees, including doctorates, from the University of the Balearic Islands, ETHZ in Zurich, Switzerland, Capitol College, Gettysburg College,

Yale University Yale University is a private research university in New Haven, Connecticut. Established in 1701 as the Collegiate School, it is the third-oldest institution of higher education in the United States and among the most prestigious in the w ...

, George Mason University, Marymount University, Bethany College (Kansas), University of Pisa, University of Rovira and Virgili ( Tarragona, Spain), Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute,

Luleå University of Technology Luleå University of Technology is a Public Research University in Norrbotten County, Sweden. The university has four campuses located in the Arctic Region in the cities of Luleå, Kiruna, Skellefteå, and Piteå. With more than 19,000 students ...

(

Sweden Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden,The United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names states that the country's formal name is the Kingdom of SwedenUNGEGN World Geographical Names, Sweden./ref> is a Nordic countries, Nordic c ...

), University of Twente (

Netherlands ) , anthem = ( en, "William of Nassau") , image_map = , map_caption = , subdivision_type = Sovereign state , subdivision_name = Kingdom of the Netherlands , established_title = Before independence , established_date = Spanish Netherl ...

Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications The Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications (BUPT) () is a key national university distinguished by the teaching and research in the field of cable communications, wireless communications, computer, and electronic engineering. BUP ...

, Tsinghua University (Beijing),

Brooklyn Polytechnic The New York University Tandon School of Engineering (commonly referred to as Tandon) is the engineering and applied sciences school of New York University. Tandon is the second oldest private engineering and technology school in the United Sta ...

, UPCT (University of Cartagena, Spain), Zaragoza University (Spain), University of Reading (United Kingdom), Royal Roads University (Canada), MGIMO (Moscow State University of International Relations), Buenos Aires Institute of Technology (Argentina),

Polytechnic University of Madrid The Technical University of Madrid or sometimes called Polytechnic University of Madrid ( es, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, UPM) is a public university, located in Madrid, Spain. It was founded in 1971 as the result of merging different ...

, Keio University (Japan), University of South Australia (Australia), University of St Andrews (Scotland), University of Pittsburgh and Gallaudet University (United States). Other awards include: *Edward A. Dickson Alumnus of the Year Award from UCLA * Prince of Asturias award for science and technology * Life Member IEEE *Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery, 1994 * Elected as a member into the National Academy of Engineering in 1995 for contributions to the design and development of network protocols and leadership in the evolution of the Internet. * Yuri Rubinsky Memorial Award, 1996 * SIGCOMM Award for "contributions to the Internet panningmore than 25 years, from development of the fundamental TCP/IP protocols". * Certificate of Merit from The Franklin Institute, in 1996. *In December 1997 he, along with his partner Robert E. Kahn, was presented with the National Medal of Technology by President

Bill Clinton William Jefferson Clinton (né Blythe III; born August 19, 1946) is an American politician who served as the 42nd president of the United States from 1993 to 2001. He previously served as governor of Arkansas from 1979 to 1981 and again ...

, "for creating and sustaining development of Internet Protocols and continuing to provide leadership in the emerging industry of internetworking." * In 2000, he received the honorary doctorate degree from URV, Spain. *He received the Living Legend Medal from the Library of Congress in April 2000 *In 2000, he was made a Fellow of the Computer History Museum "for his contributions to computer architecture, operating systems, and software engineering." *Cerf was selected as a Fellow of the

Association for Women in Science The Association for Women in Science (AWIS) was founded in 1971 at the annual Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology (FASEB) meeting. The organization aims to combat job discrimination, lower pay, and professional isolation. The ...

(AWIS) in 2000. *Cerf was awarded the Award of Technology from the Telluride Tech Festival in 2002, also known as the Tesla Festival since the world's first AC hydro-power power plant was built in Telluride in 1891 by L.L. Nunn who purchased the generator and plans from George Westinghouse and Tesla. *Cerf and Kahn were the winners of the

for 2004, for their "pioneering work on internetworking, including .. the Internet's basic communications protocols .. and for inspired leadership in networking." *In November 2005, Vinton Cerf and Kahn were awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President George W. Bush for their contributions to the creation of the Internet. *He and Robert Kahn were inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame in May 2006 *Vinton Cerf was awarded the St. Cyril and Methodius in the Coat of Arms Order in July 2006 *Vinton Cerf and Robert Kahn were each inducted as an Honorary Fellow of the Society for Technical Communication (STC) in May 2006 *He and Robert Kahn were awarded the Japan Prize in January 2008. *Cerf was inducted into the Worshipful Company of Information Technologists and given the Freedom of the City of London in April 2008. *Cerf was awarded an honorary membership in the Yale Political Union after keynoting a lively debate on the subject "Resolved: Online Communities are Real Communities." The motion passed. *In celebration of the five year-anniversary of YouTube he was selected as a guest

curator A curator (from la, cura, meaning "to take care") is a manager or overseer. When working with cultural organizations, a curator is typically a "collections curator" or an "exhibitions curator", and has multifaceted tasks dependent on the parti ...

by the site, and chose the six videos on YouTube he found most memorable. * IEEE-HKN

Eta Kappa Nu Eta Kappa Nu () or IEEE-HKN is the international honor society of the Computer Science and Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). "The organization promotes excellence in the profession and in education through an emphas ...

Eminent Member, 2010 *In May 2011, he was awarded an HPI Fellowship as "...a tribute to his work for a new medium which influenced the everyday life of our society like no other one." *In September 2011 he was made a distinguished fellow of British Computer Society, in recognition of his outstanding contribution and service to the advancement of computing. *In 2012 he was inducted as a Pioneer into the Internet Hall of Fame *In 2013, Cerf was one of five Internet and Web pioneers awarded the inaugural

Queen Elizabeth Prize for Engineering The Queen Elizabeth Prize for Engineering, also known as the QEPrize, is a global prize for engineering and innovation. The prize was launched in 2012 by a cross-party group consisting of David Cameron, Nick Clegg, and Ed Miliband, then Prime ...

. * In 2013, Cerf presented the Bernard Price Memorial Lecture * In 2014, Cerf was awarded the

Order of the Cross of Terra Mariana The Order of the Cross of Terra Mariana ( et, Maarjamaa Risti teenetemärk, sometimes translated as the Order of the Cross of St. Mary's Land) was instituted by the President of Estonia, Lennart Meri, on 16 May 1995 to honour the independence of t ...

, 1st class for his role in invention of TCP/IP by president of

Estonia Estonia, formally the Republic of Estonia, is a country by the Baltic Sea in Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland across from Finland, to the west by the sea across from Sweden, to the south by Latvia, an ...

Toomas Hendrik Ilves * In 2014, Cerf was awarded Officer of the French Légion d'honneur * In 2015, Cerf received an honorary doctorate from the University of Reading, UK. * Cerf was elected a Foreign Member of The UK Royal Society in 2016 * In 2018, Cerf was named a recipient of the Benjamin Franklin Medal * In 2018, Cerf was awarded Catalonia's International Award

Partial bibliography

Author

*''Zero Text Length EOF Message'' (, August 1969) *''IMP-IMP and HOST-HOST Control Links'' (, September 1969) *''ASCII format for network interchange'' (, October 1969) *''Host-host control message formats'' (, October 1969) *''Data transfer protocols'' (, May 1971) *''PARRY encounters the DOCTOR'' (, January 1973) *'' 'Twas the night before start-up'' (, December 1985) *''Report of the second Ad Hoc Network Management Review Group'', , August 1989 * ''Internet Activities Board'', , September 1989 * ''Thoughts on the National Research and Education Network'', , July 1990 * ''Networks'',

Scientific American Special Issue on Communications, Computers, and Networks The ''Scientific American'' special issue on Communications, Computers, and Networks is a special issue of ''Scientific American'' dedicated to articles concerning impending changes to the Internet in the period prior to the expansion and mainstr ...

, September 1991 * ''Guidelines for Internet Measurement Activities'', October 1991 *''A VIEW FROM THE 21ST CENTURY'', , April 1, 1994 *''An Agreement between the Internet Society and Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the Matter of ONC RPC and XDR Protocols'', , April 1995 *''I REMEMBER IANA'', , October 17, 1998 * ''Memo from the Consortium for Slow Commotion Research (CSCR'', , April 1, 1999 *''The Internet is for Everyone'', , April 2002

Co-author

* Vinton Cerf, Robert Kahn
''A Protocol for Packet Network Intercommunication''
(

IEEE The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) is a 501(c)(3) professional association for electronic engineering and electrical engineering (and associated disciplines) with its corporate office in New York City and its operati ...

Transactions on Communications, May 1974) * Vinton Cerf, Yogen Dalal, Carl Sunshine, ''Specification of Internet Transmission Control Program'' (, December 1974) * Vinton Cerf, Jon Postel, ''Mail transition plan'' (, September 1980) * Vinton Cerf, K.L. Mills ''Explaining the role of GOSIP'', , August 1990 * Clark, Chapin, Cerf, Braden, Hobby, ''Towards the Future Internet Architecture'', , December 1991 * Vinton Cerf et al., ''A Strategic Plan for Deploying an Internet X.500 Directory Service'', , February 1993 * Vinton Cerf & Bob Kahn, ''Al Gore and the Internet,'' 2000-09-28 * Vinton Cerf et al., ''Internet Radio Communication System'' July 9, 2002, U.S. Paten
6,418,138
* Vinton Cerf et al., ''System for Distributed Task Execution'' June 3, 2003, U.S. Paten
6,574,628
* Vinton Cerf et al., ''Delay-Tolerant Networking Architecture (Informational Status)'', , April 2007 Cerf writes under the column name "CERF'S UP", and Cerf's car has a vanity plate (registration) "CERFSUP".)

References

External links

Bio at Google

Vint Cerf
on the ICANN wiki
Dr. Vint Cerf on "Reinventing the Internet"
(YouTube). Internet Society. (May 13, 2013) * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Cerf, Vint 1943 births Living people 20th-century American inventors 21st-century American inventors American computer scientists American software engineers Draper Prize winners Engineers from Connecticut Fellow Members of the IEEE Fellows of the Association for Computing Machinery Foreign Members of the Royal Society Google employees Internet pioneers Internet Society people Members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences Members of the United States National Academy of Engineering Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences National Medal of Technology recipients Presidential Medal of Freedom recipients Presidents of the Association for Computing Machinery Recipients of the Order of the Cross of Terra Mariana, 1st Class Scientific American people Scientists from New Haven, Connecticut Stanford University School of Humanities and Sciences alumni Technology evangelists Turing Award laureates UCLA Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science alumni Van Nuys High School alumni Stanford University faculty American people of German-Jewish descent