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The values embodied in
* ''Sustainable tourism and social value at World Heritage Sites: Towards a conservation plan for Altamira, Spain'' by Pablo Alonso González & Eva Parga Dans
* ''The Altamira controversy: Assessing the economic impact of a world heritage site for planning and tourism management'' by Pablo Alonso González & Eva Parga Dans
Assessing the Values of Cultural Heritage
( Getty Conservation Institute, GCI research report)
Values and Heritage Conservation
( Getty Conservation Institute, GCI research report; annotated bibliography at pages 73–96) Cultural heritage Museology Cultural studies Conservation and restoration of cultural heritage
The values embodied in cultural heritage
Cultural heritage is the heritage of tangible and intangible heritage assets of a group or society that is inherited from past generations. Not all heritages of past generations are "heritage"; rather, heritage is a product of selection by socie ...
are identified in order to assess significance, prioritize resources, and inform conservative-restorative decision-making. It is recognised that values may compete and change over time, and that heritage may have different meanings for different stakeholders.
Origins
Alois Riegl
Alois Riegl (14 January 1858 – 17 June 1905) was an Austrian art historian, and is considered a member of the Vienna School of Art History. He was one of the major figures in the establishment of art history as a self-sufficient academic discipl ...
is credited with developing Ruskin's concept of 'voicefulness' into a systematic categorization of the different values of a monument
A monument is a type of structure that was explicitly created to commemorate a person or event, or which has become relevant to a social group as a part of their remembrance of historic times or cultural heritage, due to its artistic, historical ...
. In his 1908 essay ''Der moderne Denkmalkultus'' (The modern cult of monuments), he describes historical value, artistic value, age value, commemorative value, use value, and newness value. Riegl demonstrates that some of these values conflict and argues that they may be culturally contingent.
Charters and Conventions
TheUNESCO
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO ) is a List of specialized agencies of the United Nations, specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) with the aim of promoting world peace and International secur ...
World Heritage Convention addresses cultural sites of outstanding universal value, from a historical
History is the systematic study of the past, focusing primarily on the human past. As an academic discipline, it analyses and interprets evidence to construct narratives about what happened and explain why it happened. Some theorists categ ...
, aesthetic
Aesthetics (also spelled esthetics) is the branch of philosophy concerned with the nature of beauty and taste, which in a broad sense incorporates the philosophy of art.Slater, B. H.Aesthetics ''Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy,'' , acces ...
, scientific
Science is a systematic discipline that builds and organises knowledge in the form of testable hypotheses and predictions about the universe. Modern science is typically divided into twoor threemajor branches: the natural sciences, which stu ...
, ethnological or anthropological
Anthropology is the scientific study of humanity, concerned with human behavior, human biology, cultures, societies, and linguistics, in both the present and past, including archaic humans. Social anthropology studies patterns of behaviour, wh ...
perspective, and highlights the need for authenticity. Discussed in the 1964 Venice Charter, values and the question 'why conserve?' are the focus of the 1979 Burra Charter (last revised 1999). Cultural significance is said to be 'embodied' in the fabric, setting, use, associations, and meanings of a place, and includes aesthetic, historic, scientific, social and spiritual values for past, present and future generations
Future generations are Cohort (statistics), cohorts of hypothetical people not yet born. Future generations are contrasted with current and past generations and evoked in order to encourage thinking about intergenerational equity. The Moral agenc ...
. In order to preserve such values a 'cautious approach' of minimum intervention is advocated.
Practice
Significance assessment typically includes consideration of the rarity, representativeness, and communicative power of assets and their values. These are then managed in order to sustain and valorize that significance. Engagement with the economic value of heritage may help promote its preservation. Development of new representation technologies such as Digital Twin has potential to help the community perceive the Values and also help the community engage in the curation and dissemination of the architectural heritage with an increased level of accessibility.See also
*World Heritage Site
World Heritage Sites are landmarks and areas with legal protection under an treaty, international treaty administered by UNESCO for having cultural, historical, or scientific significance. The sites are judged to contain "cultural and natural ...
*Cultural heritage management
Cultural heritage management (CHM) is the vocation and practice of managing cultural heritage. Ann Marie Sullivan, Cultural Heritage & New Media: A Future for the Past, 15 J. MARSHALL REV. INTELL. PROP. L. 604 (2016) https://repository.jmls.edu/cg ...
*Conservation-restoration
conservation and restoration of cultural property focuses on protection and care of cultural property (tangible cultural heritage), including artworks, architecture, archaeology, and museum collections. Conservation activities include preve ...
*Value pluralism
In ethics, value pluralism (also known as ethical pluralism or moral pluralism) is the idea that there are several values which may be equally correct and fundamental, and yet in conflict with each other. In addition, value-pluralism postulates th ...
*Intrinsic value (ethics)
In ethics, intrinsic value is a property of anything that is valuable on its own. Intrinsic value is in contrast to instrumental value (also known as extrinsic value), which is a property of anything that derives its value from a relation to an ...
*Collective memory
Collective memory is the shared pool of memories, knowledge and information of a social group that is significantly associated with the group's identity. The English phrase "collective memory" and the equivalent French phrase "la mémoire collect ...
References
{{ReflistFurther reading
* ''Sustainable tourism and social value at World Heritage Sites: Towards a conservation plan for Altamira, Spain'' by Pablo Alonso González, Eva Parga Dans & Raimundo Otero* ''Sustainable tourism and social value at World Heritage Sites: Towards a conservation plan for Altamira, Spain'' by Pablo Alonso González & Eva Parga Dans
* ''The Altamira controversy: Assessing the economic impact of a world heritage site for planning and tourism management'' by Pablo Alonso González & Eva Parga Dans
External links
Assessing the Values of Cultural Heritage
( Getty Conservation Institute, GCI research report)
Values and Heritage Conservation
( Getty Conservation Institute, GCI research report; annotated bibliography at pages 73–96) Cultural heritage Museology Cultural studies Conservation and restoration of cultural heritage