The ''Urra=hubullu'' ( ) is a major Babylonian

glossary A glossary (from grc, γλῶσσα, ''glossa''; language, speech, wording) also known as a vocabulary or clavis, is an alphabetical list of terms in a particular domain of knowledge with the definitions for those terms. Traditionally, a glo ...

or "

encyclopedia An encyclopedia (American English) or encyclopædia (British English) is a reference work or compendium providing summaries of knowledge either general or special to a particular field or discipline. Encyclopedias are divided into articles ...

". It consists of Sumerian and Akkadian

lexical lists The cuneiform lexical lists are a series of ancient Mesopotamian glossaries which preserve the semantics of Sumerograms, their phonetic value and their Akkadian or other language equivalents. They are the oldest literary texts from Mesopotamia ...

ordered by topic. The canonical version extends to 24 tablets. The conventional title is the first gloss, ''ur₅-ra'' and ''ḫubullu'' meaning "interest-bearing debt" in Sumerian and Akkadian, respectively. One bilingual version from

Ugarit ) , image =Ugarit Corbel.jpg , image_size=300 , alt = , caption = Entrance to the Royal Palace of Ugarit , map_type = Near East#Syria , map_alt = , map_size = 300 , relief=yes , location = Latakia Governorate, Syria , region = F ...

S2.(23)+is Sumerian/

Hurrian The Hurrians (; cuneiform: ; transliteration: ''Ḫu-ur-ri''; also called Hari, Khurrites, Hourri, Churri, Hurri or Hurriter) were a people of the Bronze Age Near East. They spoke a Hurrian language and lived in Anatolia, Syria and Northern Me ...

rather than Sumerian/Akkadian. A partial table of contents: * Tablet 4: naval vehicles * Tablet 5: terrestrial vehicles * Tablets 13 to 15: systematic enumeration of the names of domestic animals, terrestrial animals, and birds (including bats) * Tablet 16: stones * Tablet 17: plants. * Tablet 22:

star names In astronomy, stars have a variety of different stellar designations and names, including catalogue designations, current and historical proper names, and foreign language names. Only a tiny minority of known stars have proper names; all others ha ...

The bulk of the collection was compiled in the Old Babylonian period (early 2nd millennium BC), with pre-canonical forerunner documents extending into the later 3rd millennium. Like other canonical glossaries, the Urra=hubullu was often used for scribal practice. Other Babylonian glossaries include: * Ea: a family of lists that give the simple signs of the cuneiform writing system with their pronunciation and Akkadian meanings. (MSL volume 14) * "Table of Measures": conversion tables for grain, weights and surface measurements. Again, it is not clear how these tablets were used. * Lú and Lú=ša, a list of professions (MSL volume 12) * Izi, a list of compound words ordered by increasing complexity * Diri "limited to compound logograms whose reading cannot be inferred from their individual components; it also includes marginal cases such as reduplications, presence or absence of determinatives, and the like." (MSL volume 14) * Nigga, Erimhuš and other school texts

References

* Benno Landsberger ''The Series HAR-ra="hubullu"'', Materials for the Sumerian lexicon (MSL), 5. 6, 7, 9, 10 and 11'', Rome: Pontificium Institutum Biblicum, 1957- *A. Poebel, ''The Beginning of the Fourteenth Tablet of Harra Hubullu'', The American Journal of Semitic Languages and Literatures, Vol. 52, No. 2 (Jan., 1936), pp. 111-114 *Soldt, W. H. van, "Babylonian Lexical, Religious and Literary Texts, and Scribal Education at Ugarit and its Implications for the Alphabetic Literary Texts," in: ''Ugarit: ein ostmediterranes Kulturzentrum in Alten Orient: Ergebnisse und Perspektiven der Forschung'', Dietrich and Loretz eds., Abhandlungen zur Literatur Alt-Syrien-Palästinas, vol 7, Münster: Ugarit-Verlag, 1995, 171-212

External links

How to Recognize a Scribal School
Glossaries Mesopotamian literature {{AncientNearEast-stub