The Hamburg School of Astrology originated in Hamburg, Germany, and revolved around the research and teachings of surveyor/ astrologer/amateur

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Alfred Witte Alfred Witte (2 March 1878 in Hamburg, Germany – 4 August 1941 in Hamburg, Germany), was a German surveyor, astrologer, an amateur astronomer, and the founder of the Hamburg School of Astrology. Witte revived and further developed the use of ...

. The term ''Hamburg School'' as an astrological method originated in 1923 at the Second German Astrological Congress in

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. The Hamburg School was established as an Association as "Astrologenverein Hamburger Schule" on October 31, 1925 at 9h45'51" PM (-1 = GMT), in Hamburg/Germany. In 1932 the first partner group was established in Düsseldorf/Germany by Theodor Keysers. Early collaborators of Alfred Witte were

Friedrich Sieggrün Friedrich may refer to: Names *Friedrich (surname), people with the surname ''Friedrich'' *Friedrich (given name), people with the given name ''Friedrich'' Other *Friedrich (board game), a board game about Frederick the Great and the Seven Years' ...

and Ludwig Rudolph. In a search for planets beyond Neptune (Pluto had yet to be discovered), Witte claimed four hypothetical trans-Neptunian planets, and in 1927 Sieggrün claimed yet another four. None of the these planets were astronomically verifiable. Witte named his planets Cupido, Hades, Zeus and Kronos. Sieggrün expanded the list planets with Apollon, Admetos, Vulkanus and Poseidon. In the 1930s, the American Richard Svehla became official advocate of the "Hamburg School" and created the term "Uranian Astrology" for the US in 1936. Ludwig Rudolph printed and published Witte's claims, the core of which were published in the ''Rulesbook for Planetary Pictures'' (''Regelwerk für Planetenbilder'') in 1928. An increasing amount of the research of the Hamburg School revolved around astrological midpoints and use of the extra planets. Witte and Rudolph were pursued by the Gestapo as enemies of the Third Reich. Witte committed suicide before he could be sent to a concentration camp, and Rudolph was interned, the ''Rulebook for Planetary Pictures'' banned and burned by the Nazis. Reinhold Ebertin, a student of Hamburg School methods, eliminated the use of the hypothetical planets while maintaining the core teachings of the Hamburg School, renamed it "Cosmobiology" (german: Kosmobiologie), and published it in ''The Combination of Stellar Influences'' in 1940, last updated in English in 1972. After the Battle of Berlin, fall of the Third Reich, the Hamburg School reconvened, and Ludwig Rudolph played the key role in perpetuating the teachings of the Hamburg School. The Hamburg School astrologer Hermann Lefeldt combined Witte's theories with more astrological traditions such as the use of House (astrology), astrological houses. However, other Hamburg practitioners maintained their focus on working only with astrological midpoints]

abandoning Western astrology, traditional practices, including the 12 houses and rulerships.

Associations of Hamburg School Astrology (inactive)

* Astrological Association "Hamburg School", German: Astrologenverein "Hamburger Schule", Hamburg/Germany, est. 1925 * Witte Study Group Düsseldorf, German: Witte-Studiengemeinschaft Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf/Germany, est. 1932 * Uranian Astrology Research Club, Cleveland, Ohio/USA, 1939 * Astrological Study Society (Hamburg School), German: Astrologische Studiengesellschaft (Hamburger Schule), Hamburg/Germany, est. 1947 * The Bangkok Astrological School, Bangkok/Thailand, est. 1972

Associations of Hamburg School Astrology (active)

* Th
Uranian Society
New York City/USA, est. 1985 * Th
International Uranian Fellowship
The Hague/Netherlands est. 2007

Publications

* L.Rudolph, Witte: ''"Regelwerk für Planetenbilder von Alfred Witte - Die Astrologie von morgen"''
1st Edition
Witte-Verlag Ludwig Rudolph, 1928/1929 * L.Rudolph, Witte: ''"Regelwerk für Planetenbilder von Alfred Witte - Die Astrologie von morgen"''
2nd Edition
Witte-Verlag Ludwig Rudolph, 1932. * L.Rudolph, Witte: ''"Regelwerk für Planetenbilder von Alfred Witte - Die Astrologie von morgen"''
3rd Edition
Witte-Verlag Ludwig Rudolph, Hamburg 1935. * First official English translation by Richard Svehla as: ''"Rulesbook for Planetary Pictures by A.Witte & L.Rudolph"'', Phoenix Bookshop, Cleveland/Ohio, USA 1939
Reprint 2014
http://d-nb.info/1059564912] * Perpetual Ephemeris: Witte, Alfred: ''"Immerwahrende Ephemeride fur [...]Cupido, Hades, Zeus und Kronos [...]"''
Special Edition
from "Regelwerk...", Witte-Verlag Ludwig Rudolph, Hamburg 1935. * Witte, Alfred

Hamburg 1975. * Schnitzler, Ilse: ''"Lexikon für Planetenbilder"'', Ludwig Rudolph (Witte-Verlag), Hamburg 1957. * L.Rudolph, H.Lefeldt: ''"Witte: Regelwerk für Planetenbilder"'',Extended Version based on the 3rd Edition by A.Witte & L.Rudolph. The 4th Edition by Herman Lefeldt and Ludwig Rudolph included the Transneptunians by Friedrich Sieggrun for the first time. Ludwig Rudolph (Witte-Verlag), Hamburg. Editions: 1946-50, 1959, 1983, 2012 * Second official English translation as: ''"Rulesbook for Planetary Pictures"'', Ludwig Rudolph (Witte-Verlag), Hamburg 1974
USA 1990
* Brummund, Ruth: ''"Astropsychologische Charaktermerkmale"'', Ludwig Rudolph (Witte-Verlag), Hamburg 1972. * Brummund, Ruth
''"Regelwerk-Neufassung"'', Udo Rudolph Verlag
Hamburg 1990.

Associations of Hamburg School Astrology (inactive)

Associations of Hamburg School Astrology (active)

Publications

References

See also