The Unified Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre), abbreviated UCPN (Maoist), (Nepali: एकीकृत नेपाल कम्युनिष्ट पार्टी (माओवादी)), was a political party in Nepal. It was founded in 2009 after merging with minor Communist parties including the
Janamorcha Nepal
Janamorcha Nepal ( ne, जनमोर्चा नेपाल, , People's Front Nepal) was founded in 2002 as the mass organisation and electoral front of the Communist Party of Nepal (Unity Centre–Masal). It was formed following the merger b ...
. On May 19, 2016, it merged with ten other breakaway factions and minor parties to form
Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre)
The Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre) (), abbreviated CPN (Maoist Centre), CPN-Maoist Centre, CPN Maoist Centre, or CPN (MC), is the third largest political party in Nepal. It was founded in 1994 after breaking away from the Communist P ...
.
History
Formation
On 13 January 2009, the
CPN (Maoist) Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) may refer to:
* Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) is the former name of the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre), until 2009.
* Communist Party of Nepal (Revolutionary Maoist), founded June 2012
* Unified Comm ...
and
CPN (Unity Centre–Masal) merged to form the Unified Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist). The election front of
CPN (Unity Centre–Masal),
Janamorcha Nepal
Janamorcha Nepal ( ne, जनमोर्चा नेपाल, , People's Front Nepal) was founded in 2002 as the mass organisation and electoral front of the Communist Party of Nepal (Unity Centre–Masal). It was formed following the merger b ...
also merged into the party and with its 8 seats took the Maoists' total strength to 237 in the Constituent Assembly.
First Constituent Assembly
The Maoist government fell after its coalition partners withdrew support from the government after Dahal tried to sack the army chief,
Rookmangud Katuwal. President Ram Baran Yadav rejected Dahal's proposal to sack the army chief and he resigned on 4 May 2009. After the Maoist government fell, a faction under
Matrika Prasad Yadav
Matrika Prasad Yadav ( ne, मातृका प्रसाद यादव), is a Nepalese politician. He was the Industry, Commerce and Supplies Minister of Nepal in Second Oli cabinet and Minister of Land Reform in First Dahal cabinet. H ...
split from the party and reformed the former CPN (Maoist).
Matrika Prasad Yadav
Matrika Prasad Yadav ( ne, मातृका प्रसाद यादव), is a Nepalese politician. He was the Industry, Commerce and Supplies Minister of Nepal in Second Oli cabinet and Minister of Land Reform in First Dahal cabinet. H ...
and Jagat Prasad Yadav resigned from the Constituent Assembly who were replaced from among the party list.
In February 2011 the Maoists formed a coalition with the
CPN (Unified Marxist-Leninist) CPN may refer to:
* Calpine Corporation, New York Stock Exchange symbol CPN
* Canadian Perinatal Network
* ''Carnivorous Plant Newsletter''
* Carpinteria (Amtrak station), California, Amtrak station code CPN
* Caspian Airlines (Iran), ICAO airline ...
leading to formation of government under
Jhala Nath Khanal.
The government could not agree a deal to complete the integration of former Maoist combatants and Khanal resigned on 15 August 2011 to pave the way for a formation of a national consensus government. Almost two weeks later,
Baburam Bhattarai
Baburam Bhattarai ( ne, बाबुराम भट्टराई, ; born 18 June 1954), also known by his nom de guerre Laaldhwoj, is a Nepalese politician and former Prime Minister, who presently serves as leader of the Nepal Socialist Party ...
was elected prime minister defeating
Ram Chandra Paudel
Ram Chandra Paudel (Nepali:राम चन्द्र पौडेल) is a Nepalese politician who served as Deputy Prime Minister and Speaker of the House of Representatives of Nepal. He is the senior leader of the Nepali Congress. Paudel is ...
from the
Nepali Congress
The Nepali Congress ( ne, नेपाली कांग्रेस ; abbr. NC) is the largest social democratic political party in Nepal. As per the results of recent local election, ''Nepali Congress'' stands as the single largest party of ...
340–235. The government under Bhattarai was able to get finalize a deal to integrate the former Maoist guerrillas and a deal was signed with all major parties on 1 November 2011. Hardliner factions inside the party, like party vice-chairman
Mohan Baidya, were however unsatisfied with the decision.
The government however failed to agree a consensus on the drafting of the new constitution and on 28 May 2012,
Baburam Bhattarai
Baburam Bhattarai ( ne, बाबुराम भट्टराई, ; born 18 June 1954), also known by his nom de guerre Laaldhwoj, is a Nepalese politician and former Prime Minister, who presently serves as leader of the Nepal Socialist Party ...
requested President
Ram Baran Yadav
Ram Baran Yadav ( mai, डा. राम वरण यादव) is a Nepali politician and physician who served as the first president of Nepal from 23 July 2008 to 29 October 2015, following the declaration of a republic in 2008. Previously he ...
to dissolve the
Constituent Assembly
A constituent assembly (also known as a constitutional convention, constitutional congress, or constitutional assembly) is a body assembled for the purpose of drafting or revising a constitution. Members of a constituent assembly may be elected b ...
and call for fresh elections.
On 18 June 2012, party vice-chairman Mohan Baidya split the party and formed the
Communist Party of Nepal—Maoist
The Communist Party of Nepal (Revolutionary Maoist) ( ne, नेपाल कम्युनिष्ट पार्टी (क्रान्तिकारी माओवादी)), abbreviated CPN (RM), is a communist party in Nepal. It ...
. He accused the party of being filled with opportunists and the leadership of destroying the achievements of the
People's War
People's war (Chinese: 人民战争), also called protracted people's war, is a Maoist military strategy. First developed by the Chinese communist revolutionary leader Mao Zedong (1893–1976), the basic concept behind people's war is to main ...
. He also termed accepting the line of "
democratic republic
A democratic republic is a form of government operating on principles adopted from a republic and a democracy. As a cross between two exceedingly similar systems, democratic republics may function on principles shared by both republics and democr ...
" in 2005 and signing the
Comprehensive Peace Accord in 2006 as major mistakes by the Maoist leadership. Baburam Bhattrai resigned as prime minister and on 14 March 2013,
Chief Justice Khil Raj Regmi
Khil Raj Regmi ( ne, खिलराज रेग्मी, OGDB, OTSP, born 31 May 1949) was ''de facto'' Prime Minister of Nepal from 2013 to 2014. Regmi has served as Chief Justice of Nepal since May 2011, having been appointed by President R ...
was appointed as an interim prime minister to hold the elections.
Second Constituent Assembly, 2013–2015
In the
2013 Constituent Assembly election, held on 19 November 2013, the UCPN (Maoist) won just 80 seats and an additional 3 seats were nominated from the party to the
2nd Constituent Assembly compared to 237 in the
1st Constituent Assemby. The result meant that the Maoists were dropped to be the third largest party in the Constituent Assembly from first in past.
Nepali congress
The Nepali Congress ( ne, नेपाली कांग्रेस ; abbr. NC) is the largest social democratic political party in Nepal. As per the results of recent local election, ''Nepali Congress'' stands as the single largest party of ...
became the largest party obtaining 226 seats. The party rejected the results and blamed it on an "international and national" conspiracy and warned that the party would sit out of the newly elected Constituent Assembly.
The party later agreed to join the new constituent assembly and Onsari Gharti Magar from the party was elected as the vice-chairman of the Constituent Assembly on 26 February 2014.
Nepali Congress
The Nepali Congress ( ne, नेपाली कांग्रेस ; abbr. NC) is the largest social democratic political party in Nepal. As per the results of recent local election, ''Nepali Congress'' stands as the single largest party of ...
president
Sushil Koirala became the new prime minister of Nepal but the Maoists did not join his government. The new Constituent Assembly was finally able to deliver a constitution and on 17 September 2015, the
Constitution of Nepal, 2015 was approved by 507 members under the leadership of
Nepali Congress
The Nepali Congress ( ne, नेपाली कांग्रेस ; abbr. NC) is the largest social democratic political party in Nepal. As per the results of recent local election, ''Nepali Congress'' stands as the single largest party of ...
.
Baburam Bhattarai
Baburam Bhattarai ( ne, बाबुराम भट्टराई, ; born 18 June 1954), also known by his nom de guerre Laaldhwoj, is a Nepalese politician and former Prime Minister, who presently serves as leader of the Nepal Socialist Party ...
resigned from the newly formed
Legislature Parliament of Nepal and the party following the announcement of the constitution and formed
Naya Shakti Party, Nepal
Naya Shakti Party, Nepal (Nepali: नयाँ शक्ति पार्टी, नेपाल, translation: New Force Party, Nepal) was a democratic socialist political party in Nepal formed by former Prime Minister Baburam Bhattarai on 12 J ...
.
Federal Republic and dissolution
Pushpa Kamal Dahal became prime minister for the second time on 3 August 2016, before resigning on 25 May 2017 to make way for
Sher Bahadur Deuba to become prime minister as per an agreement with Nepali Congress. On 19 May 2016, ten Maoist parties including pro-unity factions from the
Communist Party of Nepal (Revolutionary Maoist) and
Communist Party of Nepal
The Communist Party of Nepal ( ne, नेपाल कम्युनिस्ट पार्टी), abbreviated CPN, was a communist party in Nepal from 1949 to 1962. It was founded on 15 September 1949 to struggle against the autocratic Rana ...
and the
Matrika Yadav
Matrika Prasad Yadav ( ne, मातृका प्रसाद यादव), is a Nepalese politician. He was the Industry, Commerce and Supplies Minister of Nepal in Second Oli cabinet and Minister of Land Reform in First Dahal cabinet. H ...
-led Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) merged with the party. The party renamed itself to Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre) following the merger.
Electoral performance
Legislative elections
Leadership
Chairmen
*
Pushpa Kamal Dahal, 2009–2016
General secretaries
*
Post Bahadur Bogati
Post Bahadur Bogati (18 July 1953 – 15 September 2014) represented Unified Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) in the CA Election-2008. He was assigned as the General Secretary from the 7th convention of UCPN- Maoist, held in Hetauda. He was the ...
, 2013–2014
*
Krishna Bahadur Mahara
Krishna Bahadur Mahara is a Nepalese politician, belonging to the Nepal Communist Party (NCP).He was a prominent Maoist leader during the civil war. After the maoists entered the peace process, he was elected to parliament/constituent-assembly ...
, 2014–2016
* 2018
Prime Ministers of Nepal
Sister organizations
*
Young Communist League, Nepal
Young Communist League, Nepal is the youth wing of Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre). The president of YCL is Subodhraj Serpali and the general secretary of YCL is Ganesh Shahi. The Young Communist League (YCL) was formed by the CPN–Mao ...
*
All Nepal National Independent Students' Union (Revolutionary)
The All Nepal National Independent Students Union (Revolutionary) or ANNISU (R) is the student wing of the Communist Party of Nepal-Maoist, a political party in Nepal. It is also referred as All Nepal National Free Students Union-Revolutionary AN ...
*
All Nepal Women's Association Revolutionary
* Press Centre Nepal
*
All Nepal Trade Union Federation (Revolutionary)
* Nepal National Civil Servants Employees Association
*
Newa Rastriya Mukti Morcha, Nepal
See also
*
Communist Party of Nepal (Unity Centre)
The Communist Party of Nepal (Unity Centre) was a communist party in Nepal. CPN (UC) was formed on 19–20 November 1990 through the merger of Communist Party of Nepal (Mashal), Communist Party of Nepal (Fourth Convention), Proletarian Workers ...
*
United People's Front of Nepal
*
Communist Party of Nepal (Revolutionary Maoist)
*
Naya Shakti Party, Nepal
Naya Shakti Party, Nepal (Nepali: नयाँ शक्ति पार्टी, नेपाल, translation: New Force Party, Nepal) was a democratic socialist political party in Nepal formed by former Prime Minister Baburam Bhattarai on 12 J ...
References
External links
History and statements of Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist)L'Espresso Interview with Prachanda: Our Revolution WonNovember 2006
Returned: Child Soldiers of Nepal's Maoist ArmyDirected by
Robert KoenigBBC news Video/Transcript Interview with PrachandaInterview with Baburam Bhattarai''Washington Times'', December 14, 2002
Li Onesto, a journalist who has spent a great deal of time covering the MaoistsNepal Maoists, live news feed International Road-Building Brigades to Nepal official website"From Jungle Fatigues to Sensible Suits: Nepal's Maoists Join Government"''World Politics Watch'', April 6, 2007
Waiting for Mao's Mayaby Peter J Karthak, ''Republica'', May 21, 2009
{{Authority control
2009 establishments in Nepal
2016 disestablishments in Nepal
Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre)
Defunct communist parties in Nepal
Political parties disestablished in 2016
Political parties established in 2009