Unique molecular identifiers (UMIs), or molecular barcodes (MBC) are short sequences or molecular "tags" added to DNA fragments in some
next generation sequencing
DNA sequencing is the process of determining the nucleic acid sequence – the order of nucleotides in DNA. It includes any method or technology that is used to determine the order of the four bases: adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine. The ...
library preparation protocols to identify the input DNA molecule. These tags are added before
PCR amplification, and can be used to reduce errors and quantitative
bias
Bias is a disproportionate weight ''in favor of'' or ''against'' an idea or thing, usually in a way that is inaccurate, closed-minded, prejudicial, or unfair. Biases can be innate or learned. People may develop biases for or against an individ ...
introduced by the amplification.
Applications include analysis of unique cDNAs to avoid PCR biases in
iCLIP
iCLIP (individual-nucleotide resolution crossLinking and immunoprecipitation) is a variant of the original CLIP method used for identifying protein-RNA interactions, which uses UV light to covalently bind proteins and RNA molecules to identify RN ...
,
variant calling SNV calling from NGS data is any of a range of methods for identifying the existence of single nucleotide variants (SNVs) from the results of next generation sequencing (NGS) experiments. These are computational techniques, and are in contrast to s ...
in
ctDNA
Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is tumor-derived fragmented DNA in the bloodstream that is not associated with cells. ctDNA should not be confused with cell-free DNA (cfDNA), a broader term which describes DNA that is freely circulating in the bloo ...
,
gene expression
Gene expression is the process (including its Regulation of gene expression, regulation) by which information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene product that enables it to produce end products, proteins or non-coding RNA, ...
in
single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) and
haplotyping
A haplotype (haploid genotype) is a group of alleles in an organism that are inherited together from a single parent.
Many organisms contain genetic material (DNA) which is inherited from two parents. Normally these organisms have their DNA orga ...
via linked reads.
See also
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Batch effect
In molecular biology, a batch effect occurs when non-biological factors in an experiment cause changes in the data produced by the experiment. Such effects can lead to inaccurate conclusions when their causes are correlated with one or more outcome ...
*
Multiplex (assay)
In the biological sciences, a multiplex assay is a type of immunoassay that uses magnetic beads to simultaneously measure multiple analytes in a single experiment. A multiplex assay is a derivative of an ELISA using beads for binding the capture a ...
*
BRB-seq
Bulk RNA barcoding and sequencing (BRB-seq) is an ultra-high-throughput bulk 3' mRNA-seq technology that uses early-stage sample barcoding and Unique molecular identifier, unique molecular identifiers (UMIs) to allow the pooling of up to 384 samp ...
References
DNA sequencing
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