Description
''Trichodectes canis'' is a louse of the suborderDistribution and habitat
''Trichodectes canis'', known for their ability to tolerate extremes in temperature, are found in many different regions worldwide. ''T. canis'' was originally found on domesticated dogs in the Czech Republic in the 1950s. However, this louse has been found on wild canines as well – on gray wolves in Canada (1934), and coyotes in Texas and Kansas (1959). In addition to the domestic dog, ''T. canis'' is known to inhabit ''C. lupus'', ''C. aureus'', ''C. latrans'', '' Dusicyonculpaeus'', '' Cerdocyonthous'', '' Vulpesbengalensis'' and '' Viverracivetta'' as well. ''T. canis'' is understood to have been brought to Australia with the domesticated dog. ''T. canis'' is said to be a major ectoparasite of domesticated dogs in colder regions such as Scandinavia because the environment is too harsh to foster the growth of other ectoparasites such as ticks or fleas. ''Trichodectes canis'' lives in temperate, terrestrial, and tropical habitats, both urban and suburban. ''T. canis'' lives all stages of life on the host. Therefore, ''T. canis'' is known as a permanent parasite. ''T. canis'' is known to live on domesticated dogs, but also several other hosts: * ''C. lupus'' * ''C. aureus'' * ''C. latrans'' * ''Dusicyonculpaeus'' * ''Cerdocyonthous'' * ''Vulpesbengalensis'' * ''Viverracivetta'' It has also been noted that ''T. canis'' is more likely to choose hosts who are older, younger, or otherwise unhealthy. ''T. canis'' is known to prefer to inhabit the back, neck, and head of the host. Transmission of ''T. canis'' to domesticated cats or humans is not expected to occur.Development
After laying the nits (eggs), the female glues each to a single hair on the host. After five to eight days, the nits hatch from the egg as the larva push the covering of the nit open (the operculum) when parting from the egg. Females lay up to 100 nits at a time. There are three molts that occur, each nymph resembling the adult but with increasing size. The third nymph then becomes a mature adult. The life cycle of ''T. canis'' occurs within three to five weeks, occurring entirely on the host. The longevity of ''T. canis'' is unknown, however, females are thought to live longer than males.Reproduction
Currently, little is known regarding the mating systems for ''Trichodectes canis''. Mating is believed to ensue year-round. The male initiates the mating process by positioning himself under the female and lifting his genitals up towards the female. ''T. canis'' has no parental involvement.Behavior
Although ''Trichodectes canis'' is a permanent parasite, males may be more mobile than females in regards to leaving the host. ''T. canis'' exhibits high preference for hosts within the canine species, however, appears to have no real preference for different species of canines. When inhabiting hosts that are unhealthy or live in the wilderness, ''T. canis'' is able to build up large populations. However, domesticated dogs do not usually build up these large infestations. ''T. canis'' has several adaptations that better suit it to being a permanent parasite. The females' modified legs, mandibles, and abdominal appendages allow them to grip to fur easily. ''T. canis'' tend to move much slower than human lice, and may appear almost motionless.Feeding
''Trichodectes canis'' survives by consuming flakes of skin and fluids produced by their canine hosts' skin. ''T. canis'' modified mouthparts including mandibles with no maxillary palps are used to scrape the hosts' skin to feed.Role in the ecosystem
''Trichodectes canis'' may cause the host to become stressed, resulting in an increased risk of contracting infectious diseases. ''T. canis'' causes stress by creating wounds on the surface of the hosts' skin. The host also experiences hair loss as a result of increased host grooming in response to the itching feelings of the lice feeding. These problems may be magnified by colder environments. ''T. canis'' is also a known intermediate host for ''Treatment of ''Trichodectes canis'' infections
Infestations of ''Trichodectes canis'' are treated according to typical lice infestations in dogs.Notes
* * * {{Taxonbar, from=Q9361547 Lice Parasites of dogs Insects described in 1818