TotalEnergies SE is a French multinational integrated energy and

petroleum company The petroleum industry, also known as the oil industry or the oil patch, includes the global processes of exploration, extraction, refining, transportation (often by oil tankers and pipelines), and marketing of petroleum products. The largest ...

founded in 1924 and one of the seven supermajor oil companies. Its businesses cover the entire oil and gas chain, from

crude oil Petroleum, also known as crude oil, or simply oil, is a naturally occurring yellowish-black liquid mixture of mainly hydrocarbons, and is found in geological formations. The name ''petroleum'' covers both naturally occurring unprocessed crude ...

and natural gas exploration and production to

power generation Electricity generation is the process of generating electric power from sources of primary energy. For utilities in the electric power industry, it is the stage prior to its delivery ( transmission, distribution, etc.) to end users or its stor ...

, transportation,

refining {{Unreferenced, date=December 2009 Refining (also perhaps called by the mathematical term affining) is the process of purification of a (1) substance or a (2) form. The term is usually used of a natural resource that is almost in a usable form, b ...

, petroleum product marketing, and international crude oil and product trading. TotalEnergies is also a large-scale

chemicals A chemical substance is a form of matter having constant chemical composition and characteristic properties. Some references add that chemical substance cannot be separated into its constituent elements by physical separation methods, i.e., wit ...

manufacturer. TotalEnergies has its head office in the Tour Total in

La Défense La Défense () is a major business district in France, located west of the city limits of Paris. It is part of the Paris metropolitan area in the Île-de-France region, located in the department of Hauts-de-Seine in the communes of Courbev ...

district in

Courbevoie Courbevoie () is a commune located in the Hauts-de-Seine Department of the Île-de-France region of France. It is in the suburbs of the city of Paris, from the center of Paris. The centre of Courbevoie is situated from the city limits of Pa ...

, west of

Paris Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. Si ...

. The company is a component of the Euro Stoxx 50

stock market index In finance, a stock index, or stock market index, is an index that measures a stock market, or a subset of the stock market, that helps investors compare current stock price levels with past prices to calculate market performance. Two of th ...

. In the 2020

Forbes Global 2000 The ''Forbes'' Global 2000 is an annual ranking of the top 2000 public companies in the world, published by ''Forbes'' magazine. "The Global 2000" annual ranking is assembled by ''Forbes'' using a weighted assessment of four metrics: sales, profit ...

, it was ranked as the 29th-largest public company in the world, and additionally ranked as the 25th largest company of any type on the

Fortune Global 500 The ''Fortune'' Global 500, also known as Global 500, is an annual ranking of the top 500 corporations worldwide as measured by revenue. The list is compiled and published annually by ''Fortune'' magazine. Methodology Until 1989, it listed onl ...

History

1924–1985: Compagnie française des pétroles

The company was founded after World War I, when petrol was seen as vital in case of a new war with Germany. The then French President

Raymond Poincaré Raymond Nicolas Landry Poincaré (, ; 20 August 1860 – 15 October 1934) was a French statesman who served as President of France from 1913 to 1920, and three times as Prime Minister of France. Trained in law, Poincaré was elected deputy in ...

rejected the idea of forming a partnership with

Royal Dutch Shell Shell plc is a British multinational oil and gas company headquartered in London, England. Shell is a public limited company with a primary listing on the London Stock Exchange (LSE) and secondary listings on Euronext Amsterdam and the New ...

in favour of creating an entirely French oil company. At Poincaré's behest, Col. Ernest Mercier with the support of 90 banks and companies founded Total in 1924, as the Compagnie française des pétroles (CFP) (in English, the French Petroleum Company). As per the agreement reached during the

San Remo conference The San Remo conference was an international meeting of the post- World War I Allied Supreme Council as an outgrowth of the Paris Peace Conference, held at Villa Devachan in Sanremo, Italy, from 19 to 26 April 1920. The San Remo Resolution pa ...

of 1920, the French state received the 25% share held by

Deutsche Bank Deutsche Bank AG (), sometimes referred to simply as Deutsche, is a German multinational investment bank and financial services company headquartered in Frankfurt, Germany, and dual-listed on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange and the New York St ...

in the

Turkish Petroleum Company The Iraq Petroleum Company (IPC), formerly known as the Turkish Petroleum Company (TPC), is an oil company that had a virtual monopoly on all oil exploration and production in Iraq between 1925 and 1961. It is jointly owned by some of the world's ...

(TPC) as part of the compensation for war damages caused by Germany during

World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was List of wars and anthropogenic disasters by death toll, one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, ...

. The French government's stake in TPC was transferred to CFP, and the

Red Line agreement The Red Line Agreement is an agreement signed by partners in the Turkish Petroleum Company (TPC) on July 31, 1928, in Ostend, Belgium. The agreement was signed between Anglo-Persian Company (later renamed British Petroleum), Royal Dutch/Shell, Com ...

in 1928 rearranged the shareholding of CFP in TPC (later renamed the Iraq Petroleum Company in 1929) to 23.75%. The company from the start was regarded as a

private sector The private sector is the part of the economy, sometimes referred to as the citizen sector, which is owned by private groups, usually as a means of establishment for profit or non profit, rather than being owned by the government. Employment The ...

company in view of its listing on the

Paris Stock Exchange Euronext Paris is France's securities market, formerly known as the Paris Bourse, which merged with the Amsterdam, Lisbon, and Brussels exchanges in September 2000 to form Euronext NV. As of 2022, the 795 companies listed had a combined marke ...

in 1929. During the 1930, the company was engaged in exploration and production, primarily from the Middle East. Its first refinery began operating in

Normandy Normandy (; french: link=no, Normandie ; nrf, Normaundie, Nouormandie ; from Old French , plural of ''Normant'', originally from the word for "northman" in several Scandinavian languages) is a geographical and cultural region in Northwestern ...

in 1933. After World War II, CFP engaged in oil exploration in Venezuela, Canada, and Africa while pursuing energy sources within France. Exploration in

Algeria ) , image_map = Algeria (centered orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Algiers , coordinates = , largest_city = capital , relig ...

, then a French colony, began in 1946, with Algeria becoming a leading source of oil in the 1950s. In 1954, CFP introduced its

downstream Downstream may refer to: * Downstream (bioprocess) * Downstream (manufacturing) * Downstream (networking) * Downstream (software development) * Downstream (petroleum industry) * Upstream and downstream (DNA), determining relative positions on DNA ...

product – Total brand of gasoline in the continent of

Africa Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent, after Asia in both cases. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area ...

and Europe. by Mohamed Sassi, Research associate at Université de Paris-IV (Sorbonne) Total entered the United States in 1971 by acquiring Leonard Petroleum of Alma, Michigan and several

Standard Oil of Indiana Amoco () is a brand of fuel stations operating in the United States, and owned by BP since 1998. The Amoco Corporation was an American chemical and oil company, founded by Standard Oil Company in 1889 around a refinery in Whiting, Indiana, an ...

stations in

Metro Detroit The Detroit metropolitan area, often referred to as Metro Detroit, is a major metropolitan area in the U.S. State of Michigan, consisting of the city of Detroit and its surrounding area. There are varied definitions of the area, including the ...

. In 1980, Total Petroleum (North America) Ltd., a company controlled 50% by CFP, bought the American refining and marketing assets of Vickers Petroleum as part of a sell-off by Esmark of its energy holdings. This purchase gave Total refining capacity, transportation, and a network of 350 service stations in 20 states.

1985–2003: Total CFP and rebranding to Total

Total's leadership had been aware of the deleterious effects of

global warming In common usage, climate change describes global warming—the ongoing increase in global average temperature—and its effects on Earth's climate system. Climate change in a broader sense also includes previous long-term changes to ...

since at least 1971; The company nevertheless openly denied the findings of climate science until the 1990s; Total also pursued a number of strategies to cover up the threat and contribution to the climate crisis. The company renamed itself Total CFP in 1985, to build on the popularity of its gasoline brand. Later in 1991, the name was changed to Total, when it became a public company listed on the

New York Stock Exchange The New York Stock Exchange (NYSE, nicknamed "The Big Board") is an American stock exchange in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan in New York City. It is by far the world's largest stock exchange by market capitalization of its liste ...

. In 1991, the French government held more than 30 percent of the company's stock but by 1996 had reduced its stake to less than 1 percent. In the time period between 1990 and 1994, foreign ownership of the firm increased from 23 per cent to 44 per cent. Meanwhile, Total continued to expand its retail presence in North America under several brand names. In 1989,

Denver, Colorado Denver () is a consolidated city and county, the capital, and most populous city of the U.S. state of Colorado. Its population was 715,522 at the 2020 census, a 19.22% increase since 2010. It is the 19th-most populous city in the Unit ...

–based Total Petroleum, Total CFP's North American unit, purchased 125 Road Runner retail locations from

Texarkana, Texas Texarkana is a city in Bowie County, Texas, United States, in the Ark-La-Tex region. Located approximately from Dallas, Texarkana is a twin city with neighboring Texarkana, Arkansas. The Texas city's population was 36,193 at the 2020 censu ...

–based Truman Arnold Companies. By 1993, Total Petroleum was operating 2,600 retail stores under the Vickers, Apco, Road Runner, and Total brands. That year, the company began remodeling and rebranding all of its North American gasoline and

convenience store A convenience store, convenience shop, corner store or corner shop is a small retail business that stocks a range of everyday items such as coffee, groceries, snack foods, confectionery, soft drinks, ice creams, tobacco products, lottery ti ...

s to use the Total name. Only four years later, Total sold its North American refining and retail operations to Ultramar Diamond Shamrock for $400 million in stock and $414 million in assumed debt. After Total's

takeover In business, a takeover is the purchase of one company (the ''target'') by another (the ''acquirer'' or ''bidder''). In the UK, the term refers to the acquisition of a public company whose shares are listed on a stock exchange, in contrast to ...

of Petrofina of Belgium in 1999, it became known as Total Fina. Afterwards it also acquired

Elf Aquitaine Elf Aquitaine is a French brand of oils and other motor products (such as brake fluids) for automobiles and trucks. Elf is a former petroleum company which merged with TotalFina to form "TotalFinaElf". The new company changed its name to Total ...

. First named TotalFinaElf after the merger in 2000, its name reverted to Total in 2003. During that rebranding, the globe logo was unveiled.

2003–2021

In 2003, Total signed for a 30% stake in the gas exploration venture in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) – South Rub' al-Khali joint venture along with

and

Saudi Aramco Saudi Aramco ( ar, أرامكو السعودية '), officially the Saudi Arabian Oil Company (formerly Arabian-American Oil Company) or simply Aramco, is a Saudi Arabian public petroleum and natural gas company based in Dhahran. , it is one of ...

. The stake was later bought out by its partners. In 2006, Saudi Aramco and Total signed a MOU to develop the Jubail Refinery and Petrochemical project in Saudi Arabia which targeted 400,000 barrels per day (bpd). Two years later, the two companies officially established a joint venture called SAUDI ARAMCO TOTAL Refining and Petrochemical Company (SATORP)- in which a 62.5% stake was held by Saudi Aramco and the balance 37.5% held by TOTAL. Total withdrew in 2006 from all Iranian development work because of

United Nations The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and be a centre for harmoni ...

concerns that resulted in sanctions over possible weaponization of the

Nuclear program of Iran The nuclear program of Iran is an ongoing scientific effort by Iran to research nuclear technology that can be used to make nuclear weapons. Iran has several research sites, two uranium mines, a research reactor, and uranium processing facili ...

. During the 2009–2010 Iraqi oil services contracts tender, a consortium led by

CNPC The China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) () is a major national oil and gas corporation of China and one of the largest integrated energy groups in the world. Its headquarters are in Dongcheng District, Beijing. CNPC was ranked fourth ...

(37.5%), which also included TOTAL (18.75%) and

Petronas Petroliam Nasional Berhad (National Petroleum Limited), commonly known as Petronas, is a Malaysian petroleum, oil and natural gas, gas company. Established in 1974 and wholly owned by the Government of Malaysia, the corporation is vested w ...

(18.75%) was awarded a production contract for the " Halfaya field" in the south of Iraq, which contains an estimated of oil. As of 2010, Total had over 96,000 employees and operated in more than 130 countries. In 2010, Total announced plans to pull out of the forecourt market in the United Kingdom. In 2012, Total announced it was selling its 20% stake and operating mandate in its Nigerian offshore project to a unit of China Petrochemical Corp for $2.5 billion. In 2013, Total started the operation at Kashagan with North Caspian Operating Company. It is the biggest discovery of oil reserves since 1968. In 2013, Total increased its stake in Novatek to 16.96%. In 2013, Total and its joint venture partner agreed to buy

Chevron Corporation Chevron Corporation is an American multinational energy corporation. The second-largest direct descendant of Standard Oil, and originally known as the Standard Oil Company of California (shortened to Socal or CalSo), it is headquartered in S ...

's retail distribution business in

Pakistan Pakistan ( ur, ), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan ( ur, , label=none), is a country in South Asia. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by population, fifth-most populous country, with a population of almost 24 ...

for an undisclosed amount. In January 2014, Total became the first major oil and gas firm to acquire exploration rights for shale gas in the UK after it bought a 40 percent interest in two licences in the

Gainsborough Trough Gainsborough or Gainsboro may refer to: Places * Gainsborough, Ipswich, Suffolk, England ** Gainsborough Ward, Ipswich * Gainsborough, Lincolnshire, a town in England ** Gainsborough (UK Parliament constituency) * Gainsborough, New South Wales ...

area of northern England for $48 million. In July 2014, the company disclosed it was in exclusive talks to sell its LPG distribution business in France to Pennsylvania-based

UGI Corporation UGI Corporation (formerly United Gas Improvement Corp.) is a natural gas and electric power distribution company headquartered in King of Prussia, Pennsylvania, with extensive operations in the United States and Europe. UGI owns AmeriGas, the ...

for €450 million ($615 million). On 20 October 2014, at 23:57 MST a

Dassault Falcon 50 The Dassault Falcon 50 is a French super-midsize, long-range business jet, featuring a trijet layout with an S-duct air intake for the central engine. It has the same fuselage cross-section and similar capacity as the earlier twin-engined Falcon ...

business jet heading to Paris caught fire and exploded during takeoff after colliding with a snow removal vehicle in

Vnukovo International Airport Vnukovo, formally Vnukovo Andrei Tupolev International Airport (named after Andrei Tupolev) ( rus, links=no, Внуково, p=ˈvnukəvə) , is a dual-runway international airport located in Vnukovo District, southwest of the centre of Moscow ...

, and killing four, including three crew members and CEO of Total S.A.

Christophe de Margerie Christophe de Margerie (, 6 August 1951 – 20 October 2014) was a French businessman. He served as the chairman and chief executive officer of French oil corporation Total S.A. Early life Christophe de Margerie was born in Mareuil-sur-Lay-Di ...

on board. Alcohol presence was confirmed in the blood of the driver of the vehicle on the ground. Patrick Pouyanne, who was Total's Refining Chief at that time, was appointed as CEO, and also as chairman of Total in 2015. In 2015, Total unveiled plans to cut 180 jobs in the United Kingdom, reduce refinery capacity and slow spending on North Sea fields after it fell to a $5.7bn final-quarter loss. The company said it would also sell off $5bn worth of assets worldwide and cut exploration costs by 30%. In 2016, Total signed a $224M deal to buy Lampiris, the third-largest Belgian supplier of gas and renewable energy to expand its gas and power distribution activities. In 2016, Total agreed to buy French battery maker Saft Groupe S.A. in a $1.1bn deal, to boost its development in renewable energy and electricity businesses. In 2016, Total agreed to acquire $2.2-billion in upstream and downstream assets from

Petrobras Petróleo Brasileiro S.A., better known by the portmanteau Petrobras (), is a state-owned Brazilian multinational corporation in the petroleum industry headquartered in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The company's name translates to Brazilian Petrole ...

as part of the firms' strategic alliance announced earlier that year. For Total, these new partnerships with Petrobras reinforce Total's position in

Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...

through access to new fields in the Santos Basin while entering the gas value chain. Between 2013 and 2017, Total organized the ARGOS Challenge, a robotic competition with the aim to develop robots for their oil and gas production sites. It was won by an Austrian-German team using a variant of the taurob tracker robot. In 2017, Total signed a deal for a total amount of $4.8b with Iran for the development and production of South Pars, the world's largest gas field. The deal was the first foreign investment in Iran since in the 2015 sanctions over Iran's nuclear weaponisation were lifted by the

JCPOA The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA; fa, برنامه جامع اقدام مشترک , barnāmeye jāme'e eqdāme moshtarak (, ''BARJAM'')), commonly known as the Iran nuclear deal or Iran deal, is an agreement on the Iranian nuclear ...

. In 2017, Total announced the acquisition of

Maersk Oil Maersk Oil ( da, Mærsk Olie og Gas A/S) was a Danish oil and gas company owned by the A. P. Moller-Maersk Group. with a maximum operated production of 550,000 barrels of oil equivalent per day. Production came from Denmark, the UK, Qatar, Kazak ...

for $7.45 billion in a share and debt transaction. This deal positioned Total as the second operator in the North Sea. In 2017, Total signed an agreement with EREN Renewable energy to acquire an interest of 23% in EREN RE for an amount of €237.5 million. In November 2017, Total announced the launch on the French residential market of Total Spring, a natural gas and green power offering that is 10% cheaper than regulated tariffs. Total is thus pursuing its strategy of downstream integration in the gas and power value chain in Europe. In 2018, Total officially withdrew from the Iranian South Pars gas field because of sanctions pressure from the US. In 2019, Total announced sale of 30% stake in the Trapil pipeline network to crude oil storage operator Pisto SAS for €260 million. Later that year, Total signed deals to transfer 30% and 28.33% of its assets in

Namibia Namibia (, ), officially the Republic of Namibia, is a country in Southern Africa. Its western border is the Atlantic Ocean. It shares land borders with Zambia and Angola to the north, Botswana to the east and South Africa to the south and ea ...

's Block 2913B and Block 2912 respectively to QatarEnergy. The company will also transfer 40% of its existing 25% interests in the Orinduik and Kanuku blocks of

Guyana Guyana ( or ), officially the Cooperative Republic of Guyana, is a country on the northern mainland of South America. Guyana is an indigenous word which means "Land of Many Waters". The capital city is Georgetown. Guyana is bordered by the ...

and 25% interest in Blocks L11A, L11B, and L12 of

Kenya ) , national_anthem = " Ee Mungu Nguvu Yetu"() , image_map = , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Nairobi , coordinates = , largest_city = Nairobi , ...

to QatarEnergy. In 2020, the company announced its intention to cut 500 voluntary jobs in France. In 2021, Total left the

American Petroleum Institute The American Petroleum Institute (API) is the largest U.S. trade association for the oil and natural gas industry. It claims to represent nearly 600 corporations involved in production, refinement, distribution, and many other aspects of the ...

lobby, due to differences on the common vision on how to tackle the fight against climate change. In 2021, Total said that it had registered an income of $3 billion for the period of January–March, which is close to the levels registered before the pandemic.

2021–present: Rebranding to TotalEnergies

In 2021, the company announced a name change to TotalEnergies as an intended illustration of its investments in the production of green electricity. At the Ordinary and Extraordinary Shareholders’ Meeting in May of that year, shareholders approved the name change to TotalEnergies. In 2022, TotalEnergies announced it would end all operations in

Myanmar Myanmar, ; UK pronunciations: US pronunciations incl. . Note: Wikipedia's IPA conventions require indicating /r/ even in British English although only some British English speakers pronounce r at the end of syllables. As John Wells explai ...

, citing rampant human rights abuses and deteriorating rule of law since the

2021 Myanmar coup d'état A coup d'état in Myanmar began on the morning of 1 February 2021, when democratically elected members of the country's ruling party, the National League for Democracy (NLD), were deposed by the Tatmadaw—Myanmar's military—which then ves ...

and has also called for international sanctions targeting the oil and gas sector in the country, which is one of the main sources of revenue for Myanmar's government. As of 11 March 2022, Total was one of the only Western oil companies to continue operating in Russia after the

Russian Invasion of Ukraine On 24 February 2022, in a major escalation of the Russo-Ukrainian War, which began in 2014. The invasion has resulted in tens of thousands of deaths on both sides. It has caused Europe's largest refugee crisis since World War II. An ...

Financial data

Organization

Business segments

In 2016, Total set up a new organization to achieve its ambition to become a responsible energy major. It is composed of the following segments: * Exploration & Production * Gas, Renewables & Power * Refining & Chemicals * Trading & Shipping * Marketing & Services * Total Global Services In 2016 Total also created two new corporate divisions: namely People & Social Responsibility (Human Resources; Health, Safety & Environment; the Security Division; and a new Civil Society Engagement Division) and Strategy & Innovation (Strategy & Climate Division, responsible for ensuring that strategy incorporates the 2 °C global warming scenario, Public Affairs, Audit, Research & Development, the Chief Digital Officer and the Senior Vice President Technology).

Subsidiaries and affiliates

, TotalEnergies had 903 subsidiaries consolidated into the group results, together with affiliate investments and joint ventures, mostly in LPG. In addition, Total had other equity holdings amounting to about 3bn euros, treated as investments, and was involved in a number of significant joint ventures, mostly relating to LPG and LNG exploration, production, and shipping. The joint ventures which are treated as subsidiaries are listed in the consolidated subsidiary section. ;Main consolidated subsidiaries * Abu Dhabi Gas Liquefaction Company Ltd (5.00%), United Arab Emirates * Air Total International S.A.,

Switzerland ). Swiss law does not designate a ''capital'' as such, but the federal parliament and government are installed in Bern, while other federal institutions, such as the federal courts, are in other cities (Bellinzona, Lausanne, Luzern, Neuchâtel ...

* Amyris Inc. (17.88%), United States * Angola Block 14 B.V. (50.01%),

Netherlands ) , anthem = ( en, "William of Nassau") , image_map = , map_caption = , subdivision_type = Sovereign state , subdivision_name = Kingdom of the Netherlands , established_title = Before independence , established_date = Spanish Netherl ...

(operating in Angola) * Angola LNG Limited (13.60%), Bermuda (operating in

Angola , national_anthem = "Angola Avante"() , image_map = , map_caption = , capital = Luanda , religion = , religion_year = 2020 , religion_ref = , coordinat ...

) * AS 24, France * Atlantic Trading & Marketing Inc., United States * Atotech (China) Chemicals Ltd * Atotech B.V., Netherlands * Atotech Deutschland GmbH,

Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwee ...

* Atotech Taiwan * BASF TOTAL Petrochemicals LLC (40.00%), United States * Brass Holdings Company Limited, Luxembourg * Brass LNG Ltd (17.00%),

Nigeria Nigeria ( ), , ig, Naìjíríyà, yo, Nàìjíríà, pcm, Naijá , ff, Naajeeriya, kcg, Naijeriya officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a country in West Africa. It is situated between the Sahel to the north and the Gulf o ...

* Compagnie Pétrolière de l’Ouest – CPO, France * Cos-Mar Company (50.00%), United States * Cosden LLC, United States * Cray Valley USA LLC, United States * CSSA – Chartering and Shipping Services S.A., Switzerland * Dalian West Pacific Petrochemical Co. Ltd (WEPEC) (22.41%), China * Dolphin Energy Limited (24.50%), United Arab Emirates * E. F. Oil And Gas Limited, United Kingdom * Elf Aquitaine, France * Elf Aquitaine Fertilisants, France * Elf Aquitaine Inc., United States * Elf Exploration Production, France * Elf Exploration UK Limited, United Kingdom * Elf Petroleum Iran, France (operating in Iran) * Elf Petroleum UK Limited, United Kingdom * Gaz Transport & Technigaz S.A.S. (30.00%), France * Grande Paroisse S.A., France * Hanwha Total Petrochemicals Co. Ltd (50.00%),

South Korea South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (ROK), is a country in East Asia, constituting the southern part of the Korea, Korean Peninsula and sharing a Korean Demilitarized Zone, land border with North Korea. Its western border is formed ...

* Hutchinson Argentina S.A. * Hutchinson Autopartes De Mexico, S.A. de C.V. * Hutchinson Corporation, United States * Hutchinson Do Brasil S.A., Brazil * Hutchinson GmbH, Germany * Hutchinson Poland SP Z.O.O. * Hutchinson S.A., France * Ichthys LNG PTY Ltd (30.00%),

Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands. With an area of , Australia is the largest country by ...

* Legacy Site Services LLC, United States * LSS Funding Inc., United States * Lubrilog SAS, France * Naphtachimie (50.00%), France * Nigeria LNG Ltd (15.00%) * Novatek (16.96%), Russia * Oman LNG LLC (5.54%) * Omnium Reinsurance Company S.A., Switzerland * Paulstra SNC, France * PetroCedeño (30.32%),

Venezuela Venezuela (; ), officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela ( es, link=no, República Bolivariana de Venezuela), is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and many islands and islets in th ...

* Qatar Liquefied Gas Company Limited (II) Train B (16.70%) * Qatar Petrochemical Company Q.S.C. (QAPCO) (20.00%) * Qatargas Liquefied Gas Company Limited (10.00%) * Qatofin Company Limited (49.09%), Qatar * Saft Groupe S.A. * Saudi Aramco Total Refining and Petrochemical Company (37.50%),

Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia, officially the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), is a country in Western Asia. It covers the bulk of the Arabian Peninsula, and has a land area of about , making it the fifth-largest country in Asia, the second-largest in the Ara ...

* Shtokman Development AG (25.00%), Switzerland (operating in Russia) * Sigmakalon Group B.V., Netherlands * SOCAP S.A.S., France * Société Anonyme de la Raffinerie des Antilles (50.00%), France * Société Civile Immobilière CB2, France * SOFAX Banque, France * SunPower Corporation (64.65%), United States * TOTAL (BTC) S.A.R.L., Luxembourg * TOTAL Énergie Développement, France * TOTAL Énergie Gaz, France * TOTAL Énergies Nouvelles Activités USA, France * TOTAL Austral, France (operating in Argentina) * TOTAL Belgium * TOTAL Capital, France * TOTAL Capital Canada Ltd * TOTAL Capital International, France * TOTAL China Investment Co. Ltd * TOTAL Coal South Africa (PTY) Ltd * TOTAL Colombia Pipeline, France (operating in Colombia) * TOTAL Delaware Inc., United States * TOTAL Deutschland GmbH, Germany * TOTAL Dolphin Midstream Limited, Bermuda * TOTAL Downstream UK PLC,

United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Europe, off the north-western coast of the continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotland, Wales and ...

* Total E&P Absheron B.V., Netherlands (operating in Azerbaijan) * Total E&P Algerie, France (operating in Algeria) * Total E&P Angola, France (operating in Angola) * Total E&P Angola Block 15 / 06 Limited, Bermuda (operating in Angola) * Total E&P Angola Block 17 / 06, France (operating in Angola) * Total E&P Angola Block 25, France (operating in Angola) * Total E&P Angola Block 32, France (operating in Angola) * Total E&P Angola Block 33, France (operating in Angola) * Total E&P Angola Block 39, France (operating in Angola) * Total E&P Angola Block 40, France (operating in Angola) * Total E&P Arctic Russia, France * Total E&P

, France (operating in Australia) * Total E&P Australia II, France (operating in Australia) * Total E&P Australia III, France (operating in Australia) * Total E&P Azerbaijan B.V., Netherlands (operating in Azerbaijan) * Total E&P Bolivie, France (operating in Bolivia) * Total E&P Borneo B.V., Netherlands (operating in Brunei) * Total E&P Bulgaria B.V., The

(operating in Bulgaria) * Total E&P Canada Ltd * Total E&P Chine, France (operating in

China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by population, most populous country, with a Population of China, population exceeding 1.4 billion, slig ...

) * Total E&P Colombie, France (operating in Colombia) * Total E&P Congo (85.00%) * Total E&P Cyprus B.V., The Netherlands (operating in Cyprus) * Total E&P Do Brasil LTDA, Brazil * Total E&P Dolphin Upstream Limited, Bermuda (operating in Qatar) * Total E&P Dunga, Kazakhstan * Total E&P France * Total E&P Golfe Holdings Limited, Bermuda * Total E&P Golfe Limited, United Arab (operating in Emirates Qatar) * Total E&P Guyane Francaise, France * Total E&P Holdings, France * Total E&P Ichthys, France (operating in Australia) * Total E&P Ichthys B.V., Netherlands (operating in Australia) * Total E&P Indonesia West Papua, France (operating in Indonesia) * Total E&P Indonesie, France (operating in Indonesia) * Total E&P Iraq, France (operating in Iraq) * Total E&P Italia, Italy * Total E&P Kazakhstan, France (operating in Kazakhstan) * Total E&P Kenya B.V., Netherlands (operating in Kenya) * Total E&P Kurdistan Region of

Iraq Iraq,; ku, عێراق, translit=Êraq officially the Republic of Iraq, '; ku, کۆماری عێراق, translit=Komarî Êraq is a country in Western Asia. It is bordered by Turkey to Iraq–Turkey border, the north, Iran to Iran–Iraq ...

(Harir) B.V., Netherlands (operating in Iraq) * Total E&P Kurdistan Region of Iraq (Safen) B.V., Netherlands (operating in Iraq) * Total E&P Libye, France (operating in Libya) * Total E&P Madagascar, France (operating in Madagascar) * Total E&P Malaysia, France (operating in Malaysia) * Total E&P Maroc, France (operating in Morocco) * Total E&P Mauritanie, France (operating in Mauritania) * Total E&P Mauritanie Block TA29 B.V., Netherlands (operating in Mauritania) * Total E&P

Mozambique Mozambique (), officially the Republic of Mozambique ( pt, Moçambique or , ; ny, Mozambiki; sw, Msumbiji; ts, Muzambhiki), is a country located in southeastern Africa bordered by the Indian Ocean to the east, Tanzania to the north, Malawi ...

B.V., Netherlands (operating in Mozambique) * Total E&P

, France (operating in Myanmar) * Total E&P Netherland B.V., Netherlands * Total E&P Nigeria Deepwater D Limited * Total E&P Nigeria Deepwater E Limited * Total E&P

Ltd * Total E&P Norge AS, Norway * Total E&P

Oman Oman ( ; ar, عُمَان ' ), officially the Sultanate of Oman ( ar, سلْطنةُ عُمان ), is an Arabian country located in southwestern Asia. It is situated on the southeastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula, and spans the mouth of ...

, France (operating in Oman) * Total E&P

Qatar Qatar (, ; ar, قطر, Qaṭar ; local vernacular pronunciation: ), officially the State of Qatar,) is a country in Western Asia. It occupies the Qatar Peninsula on the northeastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula in the Middle East; it sh ...

, France (operating in Qatar) * Total E&P Russie, France (operating in Russia) * Total E&P South Africa B.V., Netherlands (operating in South Africa) * Total E&P South East Mahakam, France (operating in Indonesia) * Total E&P Syrie, France (operating in Syria) * Total E&P Thailand, France (operating in Thailand) * Total E&P Uganda B.V., Netherlands (operating in Uganda) * Total E&P UK Limited, United Kingdom * Total E&P Uruguay B.V., Netherlands (operating in

Uruguay Uruguay (; ), officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay ( es, República Oriental del Uruguay), is a country in South America. It shares borders with Argentina to its west and southwest and Brazil to its north and northeast; while bordering ...

) * Total E&P USA Inc., United States * Total E&P Vietnam, France (operating in Vietnam) * Total E&P Yamal, France * Total E&P Yemen, France (operating in Yemen) * TOTAL Especialidades Argentina * TOTAL Exploration M’Bridge B.V., Netherlands (operating in Angola) * TOTAL Exploration Production Nigeria, France * TOTAL Finance, France * TOTAL Finance Exploitation, France * TOTAL Finance Global Services S.A.,

Belgium Belgium, ; french: Belgique ; german: Belgien officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a country in Northwestern Europe. The country is bordered by the Netherlands to the north, Germany to the east, Luxembourg to the southeast, France to ...

* TOTAL Finance USA Inc., United States * TOTAL Funding Nederland B.V., Netherlands * TOTAL Gabon (58.28%) * TOTAL Gas & Power Actifs Industriels, France * TOTAL Gas & Power Limited,

* TOTAL Gas & Power North America Inc., United States * TOTAL Gasandes, France * TOTAL Gaz & Électricité Holdings France * TOTAL Gestion Filiales, France * TOTAL Gestion USA, France * TOTAL GLNG Australia, France (operating in Australia) * TOTAL Guinea Ecuatorial (80.00%), Equatorial Guinea * TOTAL Holding Asie, France * TOTAL Holding Dolphin Amont Limited, Bermuda * TOTAL Holdings EUROPE, France * TOTAL Holdings International B.V., Netherlands * TOTAL Holdings Nederland B.V., Netherlands * TOTAL Holdings UK Limited, United Kingdom * TOTAL Holdings USA Inc.,

United States The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country Continental United States, primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 U.S. state, states, a Washington, D.C., ...

* TOTAL International NV, Netherlands * TOTAL Kenya (93.96%) * TOTAL Lindsey Oil Refinery Ltd, United Kingdom * TOTAL LNG

Angola , national_anthem = "Angola Avante"() , image_map = , map_caption = , capital = Luanda , religion = , religion_year = 2020 , religion_ref = , coordinat ...

, France * TOTAL LNG Nigeria Ltd, Bermuda * TOTAL Lubrifiants (99.98%),

France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pac ...

* TOTAL Marketing Middle East Free Zone, United Arab Emirates * TOTAL Marketing Services, France * TOTAL Maroc,

Morocco Morocco (),, ) officially the Kingdom of Morocco, is the westernmost country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It overlooks the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and has land borders with Algeria to A ...

* TOTAL Midstream Holdings UK Limited, United Kingdom * TOTAL Mineraloel Und Chemie GmbH, Germany * TOTAL Oil And Gas South America, France * TOTAL Oil And Gas Venezuela B.V., Netherlands (operating in Venezuela) * TOTAL Oil Turkiye AS, Turkey * TOTAL Olefins Antwerp, Belgium * TOTAL Outre-Mer, France * TOTAL Participations Pétrolières

Gabon Gabon (; ; snq, Ngabu), officially the Gabonese Republic (french: République gabonaise), is a country on the west coast of Central Africa. Located on the equator, it is bordered by Equatorial Guinea to the northwest, Cameroon to the nort ...

* TOTAL Petrochemicals & Refining S.A. / NV, Belgium * TOTAL Petrochemicals & Refining USA Inc., United States * TOTAL Petrochemicals France * TOTAL Petroleum Angola, France (operating in Angola) * TOTAL Profils Pétroliers, France * TOTAL Qatar Oil And Gas, France * TOTAL Raffinaderij Antwerpen NV, Belgium * TOTAL Raffinage Chimie, France * TOTAL Raffinage France * TOTAL Raffinerie Mitteldeutschland GmbH, Germany * TOTAL S.A., France * TOTAL Shtokman B.V., Netherlands * TOTAL

South Africa South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa. It is bounded to the south by of coastline that stretch along the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans; to the north by the neighbouring coun ...

(PTY) Ltd (50.10%) * TOTAL Specialties USA Inc., United States * TOTAL Treasury, France * TOTAL UK Finance Ltd, United Kingdom * TOTAL UK Limited, United Kingdom * TOTAL Upstream

Limited * TOTAL Upstream UK Limited, United Kingdom * TOTAL Venezuela, France * TOTAL Vostok, Russia * TOTAL

Yemen Yemen (; ar, ٱلْيَمَن, al-Yaman), officially the Republic of Yemen,, ) is a country in Western Asia. It is situated on the southern end of the Arabian Peninsula, and borders Saudi Arabia to the north and Oman to the northeast and ...

LNG Company Limited,

Bermuda ) , anthem = "God Save the King" , song_type = National song , song = "Hail to Bermuda" , image_map = , map_caption = , image_map2 = , mapsize2 = , map_caption2 = , subdivision_type = Sovereign state , subdivision_name = , es ...

* TotalErg SPA (49.00%), Italy * TOTSA Total Oil Trading S.A.,

* Yamal LNG (33.59%), Russia *

LNG Company Ltd (39.62%),

(operating in Yemen) * Zeeland Refinery N.V. (55.00%),

Head office

Total Filling Station - North Street - geograph

The company's headquarters is in the Tour Total in the

district in

, France, near Paris. The building was originally constructed between 1983 and 1985 for

; Total SA acquired the building after its merger with Elf in 2000.

Senior management

The present chairman and CEO of the company is Patrick Pouyanné (2014 to present). In 2015, Patricia Barbizet was named Lead Independent Director.

Group Performance Management Committee

The role of this committee is to examine, analyze and pilot the Group's safety, financial and business results. In addition to the members of the executive committee, this committee is composed of the managers in charge of the main business units of the group, as well as a limited number of senior vice presidents of functions at group and branch levels. Since 2016, the committee has included: * For group functions, the senior vice presidents in charge of corporate communications, legal, hse, and strategy & climate. * For exploration and production, the senior vice presidents in charge of the following business units: Africa, Americas, Asia Pacific, Europe, and Central Asia, the Middle East / North Africa, Exploration, and one function, decided by the Comex. * For gas, renewables, and power, the president gas & power and a function chosen by the executive committee * For refining and chemicals, the senior vice presidents in charge of the following business units: Refining and Base Chemicals Europe, Refining and Petrochemicals Orient, Polymers, Hutchinson, and one function, decided by the Comex. * For trading shipping, the senior vice president trading shipping. * For marketing and services, the senior vice presidents in charge of the following business units: Europe, Africa, Global Businesses, and one function, decided by the Comex. * For Total global services, the president Total global services.

Executive committee

The executive committee is Total's primary decision-making organization. Since 2020, members of Total's executive committee have been: * Patrick Pouyanné, chairman and CEO. * Arnaud Breuillac, president of Exploration & Production. * Patrick de La Chevardière, chief financial officer. * Alexis Vovk, president Marketing & Services. * Philippe Sauquet, President, Gas, Renewables & Power and executive vice president, Strategy & Innovation * Namita Shah, executive vice president, People & Social Responsibility * Bernard Pinatel, President Refining & Chemicals

Operations

In May 2014, the company shelved its Joslyn North

oil sands Oil sands, tar sands, crude bitumen, or bituminous sands, are a type of unconventional petroleum deposit. Oil sands are either loose sands or partially consolidated sandstone containing a naturally occurring mixture of sand, clay, and wate ...

project in the Athabasca region of

Alberta Alberta ( ) is one of the thirteen provinces and territories of Canada. It is part of Western Canada and is one of the three prairie provinces. Alberta is bordered by British Columbia to the west, Saskatchewan to the east, the Northwest T ...

, Canada indefinitely, citing concerns about operating costs. An estimated $11 billion has been spent on the project, in which Total is the largest shareholder with 38.5%. Suncor Energy holds 36.75%,

Occidental Petroleum Occidental Petroleum Corporation (often abbreviated Oxy in reference to its ticker symbol and logo) is an American company engaged in hydrocarbon exploration in the United States, and the Middle East as well as petrochemical manufacturing in th ...

owns 15% and

Japan Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the n ...

's Inpex has a 10% interest. Total is involved in 23 projects of exploration and production in Africa, Asia, Europe, North America, South America and Russia.

Investments

In 1937, Iraq Petroleum Company (IPC), 23.75 percent owned by Total,United States Office of the Historian: The 1928 Red Line Agreement
/ref> signed an oil concession agreement with the Sultan of Muscat. IPC offered financial support to raise an armed force that would assist the Sultan in occupying the interior region of Oman, an area that geologists believed to be rich in oil. This led to the 1954 outbreak of Jebel Akhdar War in Oman that lasted for more than 5 years.John B. Meagher
''The Jebel Akhdar War Oman 1954-1959''
MARINE CORPS COMMAND AND STAFF COLLEGE 1985. Total has been a significant investor in the Iranian energy sector since 1990. In 2017, Total and the

National Iranian Oil Company The National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC; fa, شرکت ملّی نفت ایران, Sherkat-e Melli-ye Naft-e Īrān) is a government-owned national oil and natural gas producer and distributor under the direction of the Ministry of Petroleum of ...

(NIOC) signed a contract for the development and production of South Pars, the world's largest gas field. The project will have a production capacity of 2 billion cubic feet per day. The produced gas will supply the Iranian domestic market starting in 2021. During the European Union's sanctions against the military dictatorship

, Total is able to operate the Yadana natural gas pipeline from

Burma Myanmar, ; UK pronunciations: US pronunciations incl. . Note: Wikipedia's IPA conventions require indicating /r/ even in British English although only some British English speakers pronounce r at the end of syllables. As John C. Wells, Joh ...

Thailand Thailand ( ), historically known as Siam () and officially the Kingdom of Thailand, is a country in Southeast Asia, located at the centre of the Indochinese Peninsula, spanning , with a population of almost 70 million. The country is b ...

. Total is currently the subject of a lawsuit in French and Belgian courts for the condoning and use of the country's civilian slavery to construct the pipeline. The documentary 'Total Denial' shows the background of this project. The NGO Burma Campaign UK is currently campaigning against this project.

Acquisitions

In 2011, Total agreed to buy 60% of

photovoltaics Photovoltaics (PV) is the conversion of light into electricity using semiconducting materials that exhibit the photovoltaic effect, a phenomenon studied in physics, photochemistry, and electrochemistry. The photovoltaic effect is commercially ...

company

SunPower SunPower is an American provider of photovoltaic solar energy generation systems and battery energy storage products, primarily for residential customers. The company, headquartered in San Jose, California, was founded in 1985 by Richard Swa ...

for US$1.38 billion. By the 2013 annual reporting date, Total owned 64.65%. In 2016, Total agreed to purchase French battery maker Saft Groupe S.A. for 1.1 billion euros. In 2016, Total signed a $224M deal to buy Lampiris, the third-largest Belgian supplier of gas and renewable energy to expand its gas and power distribution activities. In December 2016, Total acquired about 23% of Tellurian for an amount of 207 million dollars, to develop an integrated gas project. In 2017, Total announced it would buy

from A.P. Moller-Maersk in a deal expected to close in the first quarter of 2018. In 2018, Total announced it was buying 74% of the French electricity and gas provider Direct Énergie from their main stockholders, for 1.4 billion euros. In 2022, Total announced it had added 4 GW to its renewable energy portfolio through the acquisition of the

Austin Austin is the capital city of the U.S. state of Texas, as well as the seat and largest city of Travis County, with portions extending into Hays and Williamson counties. Incorporated on December 27, 1839, it is the 11th-most-populous city ...

-based company, Core Solar. The following month, Total entered an agreement with GIP to acquire a 50% stake in Clearway, one of the largest renewable energy owners in the United States. As part of the transaction, GIP took a 50% minus one share stake in SunPower.

Western Sahara oil exploration

In 2001, Total signed a contract for oil-reconnaissance in areas offshore

Western Sahara Western Sahara ( '; ; ) is a disputed territory on the northwest coast and in the Maghreb region of North and West Africa. About 20% of the territory is controlled by the self-proclaimed Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR), while the ...

(near Dakhla), with the "Moroccan Office National de Recherches et d’Exploitations Petrolières" (ONAREP). In 2002, Hans Corell (the United Nations Under-Secretary-General for Legal Affairs) stated in a letter to the president of the

Security Council The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations (UN) and is charged with ensuring international peace and security, recommending the admission of new UN members to the General Assembly, an ...

that whenever the contracts are only for exploration they're not illegal, but if further exploration or exploitation are against the interests and wishes of the people of

, they would be in violation of the principles of international law. Finally, Total decided to not renew their license off Western Sahara.

Energy Deal with ADNOC

In a move to cope with the 2021-2022 global energy crisis, which started with the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic and aggravated with Russia’s 2022 invasion of Ukraine, France’s TotalEnergies and UAE’s ADNOC signed a strategic deal to partner on energy projects “for cooperation in the area of energy supplies”. The deal was secured on the second day of the UAE leader Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed Al-Nahyan’s visit to Paris in 2022. The visit marked the UAE president’s first overseas state visit since assuming the post earlier that year. The deal was aimed at identifying and targeting potential joint investment projects in the UAE, France, and elsewhere in the sectors of renewables, hydrogen, and nuclear energy, as told by the French government in one of its statements. According to French President Emmanuel Macron’s aides, France had been eager to secure diesel supply from the UAE. The deal also received criticism from human rights groups that persisted Macron not to give the-then “crown prince a pass on the UAE’s atrocious human rights record”, as per the statement published by Human Rights Watch on its website.

Controversies

Environmental and safety records

In 1998, the Total SA company was fined €375,000 for an oil spill that stretched 400 kilometers from

La Rochelle La Rochelle (, , ; Poitevin-Saintongeais: ''La Rochéle''; oc, La Rochèla ) is a city on the west coast of France and a seaport on the Bay of Biscay, a part of the Atlantic Ocean. It is the capital of the Charente-Maritime department. Wi ...

to the western tip of

Brittany Brittany (; french: link=no, Bretagne ; br, Breizh, or ; Gallo: ''Bertaèyn'' ) is a peninsula, historical country and cultural area in the west of modern France, covering the western part of what was known as Armorica during the period ...

. The company was only fined that amount because they were only partially liable because Total SA did not own the ship. The plaintiffs had sought more than $1.5 billion in damages. More than 100 groups and local governments joined in the suit. The Total company was fined just over $298,000. The majority of the money will go to the French government, several environmental groups, and various regional governments. The Total SA company was also fined $550,000 for the amount of marine pollution that came from it. After the oil spill they tried to restore their image and have opened a sea turtle conservation project in

Masirah Masirah Island ( ar, جَزِيْرَة مَصِيْرَة, Jazīrat Maṣīrah), also referred to as Mazeira Island or ''Wilāyat Maṣīrah'' ( ar, وِلَايَة مَصِيْرَة), is an island off the east coast of mainland Oman in the ...

in recent years. Prior to the verdict in which Total was found guilty one of the counterparts in the incident, Malta Maritime Authority (MMA), was not to be tried for having any hand in the incident. In 2005, Total submitted a report to the Paris courts which stated that Total had gathered a group of experts which stated the tanker was corroded and that Total was responsible for it. The courts sought a second expert reviewing this information, which was turned down. p In 2001, the AZF chemical plant exploded in

Toulouse Toulouse ( , ; oc, Tolosa ) is the prefecture of the French department of Haute-Garonne and of the larger region of Occitania. The city is on the banks of the River Garonne, from the Mediterranean Sea, from the Atlantic Ocean and fr ...

, France, while belonging to the Grande Paroisse branch of Total. In 2008, Total was required to pay €192 million in compensation to victims of the pollution caused by the sinking of the ship Erika. This was in addition to the €200 million that Total spent to help clean up the spill. The company appealed twice against the verdict, losing both times. In 2016, Total was ranked as the second-best of 92 oil, gas, and mining companies on indigenous rights in the Arctic. According to the CDP Carbon Majors Report 2017, the company was one of the top 100 companies producing

carbon emissions Greenhouse gas emissions from human activities strengthen the greenhouse effect, contributing to climate change. Most is carbon dioxide from burning fossil fuels: coal, oil, and natural gas. The largest emitters include coal in China and l ...

globally, responsible for .9% of global emissions from 1998 to 2015. In 2021, Total was ranked as the 2nd most environmentally responsible company out of 120 oil, gas, and mining companies involved in resource extraction north of the Arctic Circle in the Arctic Environmental Responsibility Index (AERI). According to a 2021 study, Total personnel were aware about the role that their products played in global warming as early as 1971, as well as throughout the 1980s. Despite this awareness, the company promoted doubt regarding the science of global warming by the late 1980s, and ultimately settled on a position in the late 1990s of publicly accepting climate science, while still promoting doubt and trying to delay climate action.

Bribery

Total has been accused of bribery on multiple occasions. Total is being implicated in a bribe commission scandal which is currently emerging in

Malta Malta ( , , ), officially the Republic of Malta ( mt, Repubblika ta' Malta ), is an island country in the Mediterranean Sea. It consists of an archipelago, between Italy and Libya, and is often considered a part of Southern Europe. It lies ...

. It has emerged that Total had told Maltese agents that it would not be interested in doing business with them unless their team included George Farrugia, who is under investigation in the procurement scandal. George Farrugia has recently been given a presidential pardon in exchange for information about this scandal. Enemalta, Malta's energy supplier, swiftly barred Total and its agents, Trafigura from bidding and tenders. An investigation is currently underway and three people have been arraigned On 16 December 2008, the managing director of the Italian division of Total, Lionel Levha, and ten other executives were arrested by the public Prosecutor's office of Potenza, Italy, for a corruption charge of €15 million to undertake the oilfield in

Basilicata it, Lucano (man) it, Lucana (woman) , population_note = , population_blank1_title = , population_blank1 = , demographics_type1 = , demographics1_footnotes = , demographics1_title1 = , demographics1_info1 = ...

on contract. Also arrested was the local deputy of Partito Democratico Salvatore Margiotta and an Italian entrepreneur. In 2010, Total was accused of bribing Iraqi officials during former president Saddam Hussein's regime to secure oil supplies. A United Nations report later revealed that Iraqi officials had received bribes from oil companies to secure contracts worth over $10bn. On 26 February 2016, the

Paris Court of Appeals The Court of Appeal of Paris (french: Cour d'appel de Paris) is the largest appeals court in France in terms of the number of cases brought before it. Its jurisdiction covers the departments of Paris, Essonne, Yonne, Seine-et-Marne, Seine-Saint-D ...

considered Total guilty and ordered the company to pay a fine of €750,000 for corrupting Iraqi civil servants. The court's ruling overturns an earlier acquittal in the case. In 2013, a case was settled that concerned charges that Total bribed an Iranian official with $60 million, which they documented as a "consulting charge," and which unfairly gave them access to Iran's Sirri A and Sirri E oil and gas fields. The bribery gave them a competitive advantage, earning them an estimated $150 million in profits. The Securities Exchange Commission and the Department of Justice settled the charges, expecting Total to pay $398 million.

2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine

Following the

2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine On 24 February 2022, in a major escalation of the Russo-Ukrainian War, which began in 2014. The invasion has resulted in tens of thousands of deaths on both sides. It has caused Europe's largest refugee crisis since World War II. A ...

which began on February 24, many international, particularly Western companies pulled out of Russia. On March 1, TotalEnergies announced it "will no longer provide capital for new projects in Russia" but has retained ownership of its 19.4% stake in privately owned Novatek, 20% stake in the Yamal project and 10% stake in Arctic LNG 2. This has led to criticism as insufficient, particularly given complete divestment of other major Western energy companies, and the European Union announcement of becoming more energy independent from Russia. Similarly in August 2022, an investigation by

Global Witness Global Witness is an international NGO established in 1993 that works to break the links between natural resource exploitation, conflict, poverty, corruption, and human rights abuses worldwide. The organisation has offices in London and Washin ...

showed that a Siberian gas field part-owned by TotalEnergies has been supplying a refinery, which is producing jet fuel for Russian warplanes. This contradicts Total´s claims that this was unrelated to Russian military operations in Ukraine.

Africa

In December 2022, the NGOs Friends of the Earth, Survie and four Ugandan NGOs sent the oil group Total to court and accused it of violating the law on the duty of vigilance of large French companies in terms of human rights and environmen

Automobile and motorcycle OEM partnerships

TotalEnergies is an official recommended fuel and lubricants for all prominent

Renault–Nissan–Mitsubishi Alliance The Renault–Nissan–Mitsubishi Alliance, originally known as the Renault–Nissan Alliance, is a French-Japanese strategic alliance between the automobile manufacturers Renault (based in Boulogne-Billancourt, France), Nissan (based in Yokoha ...

members, including

Renault Groupe Renault ( , , , also known as the Renault Group in English; legally Renault S.A.) is a French multinational automobile manufacturer established in 1899. The company produces a range of cars and vans, and in the past has manufactured ...

(shared with BP),

Nissan , trading as Nissan Motor Corporation and often shortened to Nissan, is a Japanese multinational automobile manufacturer headquartered in Nishi-ku, Yokohama, Japan. The company sells its vehicles under the Nissan, Infiniti, and Datsun bra ...

(shared with

ExxonMobil ExxonMobil Corporation (commonly shortened to Exxon) is an American multinational oil and gas corporation headquartered in Irving, Texas. It is the largest direct descendant of John D. Rockefeller's Standard Oil, and was formed on November 3 ...

Infiniti is the luxury vehicle division of the Japanese automaker Nissan. Infiniti officially started selling vehicles on November 8, 1989, in North America. The marketing network for Infiniti-branded vehicles included dealers in over 50 countries in ...

Dacia Dacia (, ; ) was the land inhabited by the Dacians, its core in Transylvania, stretching to the Danube in the south, the Black Sea in the east, and the Tisza in the west. The Carpathian Mountains were located in the middle of Dacia. It ...

Alpine Alpine may refer to any mountainous region. It may also refer to: Places Europe * Alps, a European mountain range ** Alpine states, which overlap with the European range Australia * Alpine, New South Wales, a Northern Village * Alpine National P ...

and

Datsun Datsun (, ) was an automobile brand owned by Nissan. Datsun's original production run began in 1931. From 1958 to 1986, only vehicles exported by Nissan were identified as Datsun. Nissan phased out the Datsun brand in March 1986, but relaunche ...

Kia Motors Kia Corporation, commonly known as Kia (, ; formerly known as Kyungsung Precision Industry and Kia Motors Corporation), is a South Korean multinational automobile manufacturer headquartered in Seoul, South Korea. It is South Korea's second lar ...

, three

Stellantis Stellantis N.V. is a multinational automotive manufacturing corporation formed in 2021 on the basis of a 50–50 cross-border merger between the Italian-American conglomerate Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (FCA) and the French PSA Group. The comp ...

marques (

Citroën Citroën () is a French automobile brand. The "Automobiles Citroën" manufacturing company was founded in March 1919 by André Citroën. Citroën is owned by Stellantis since 2021 and previously was part of the PSA Group after Peugeot acquired 8 ...

Peugeot Peugeot (, , ) is a French brand of automobiles owned by Stellantis. The family business that preceded the current Peugeot companies was founded in 1810, with a steel foundry that soon started making hand tools and kitchen equipment, and then ...

and DS),

Honda is a Japanese public multinational conglomerate manufacturer of automobiles, motorcycles, and power equipment, headquartered in Minato, Tokyo, Japan. Honda has been the world's largest motorcycle manufacturer since 1959, reaching a producti ...

(including

Acura Acura is the luxury vehicle, luxury and performance division of Japanese automaker Honda, based primarily in North America. The brand was launched in the United States and Canada on March 27, 1986, marketing luxury and performance automobiles. It ...

, shared with BP and

Aston Martin Aston Martin Lagonda Global Holdings PLC is an English manufacturer of luxury sports cars and grand tourers. Its predecessor was founded in 1913 by Lionel Martin and Robert Bamford. Steered from 1947 by David Brown, it became associated wi ...

Mazda , commonly referred to as simply Mazda, is a Japanese multinational automotive manufacturer headquartered in Fuchū, Hiroshima, Japan. In 2015, Mazda produced 1.5 million vehicles for global sales, the majority of which (nearly one ...

(shared with BP and its subsidiary

Castrol Castrol is a British oil company that markets industrial and automotive lubricants, offering a wide range of oil, greases and similar products for most lubrication applications. The name ''Castrol'' was originally just the brand name for com ...

), Sany and Tata Motors (shared with

) for automobiles only as well as Peugeot Motocycles, Kawasaki (fuel only), Energica, and Honda for motorcycles only.

Sponsorship

Total has provided fuel and lubricants to professional

auto racing Auto racing (also known as car racing, motor racing, or automobile racing) is a motorsport involving the racing of automobiles for competition. Auto racing has existed since the invention of the automobile. Races of various sorts were organise ...

teams. Total has been a longtime partner of Citroën Sport in the

World Rally Championship The World Rally Championship (abbreviated as WRC) is the highest level of global competition in the motorsport discipline of rallying, owned and governed by the FIA. There are separate championships for drivers, co-drivers, manufacturers and t ...

Dakar Rally The Dakar Rally (or simply "The Dakar"; formerly known as the "Paris–Dakar Rally") is an annual rally raid organised by the Amaury Sport Organisation. Most events since the inception in 1978 were staged from Paris, France, to Dakar, Senegal ...

and World Touring Car Championship. Sébastien Loeb won nine WRC drivers titles, whereas Ari Vatanen and

Pierre Lartigue Pierre Lartigue, (born 22 October 1948) is a former French rally racing who won three editions of Rally Dakar (cars). He won the FIA World Cup for Cross-Country Rallies four times. Rally Dakar He won 21 stages in the African rally raid Ral ...

won four editions of the Dakar Rally. Total has been a partner of

Peugeot Sport Peugeot Sport is the department of French carmaker Peugeot responsible for motorsport activities. History Beginnings in rallying Peugeot Sport was formed in 1981 under the name of Peugeot Talbot Sport, after Jean Todt, a World Rally Champions ...

Formula One Formula One (also known as Formula 1 or F1) is the highest class of international racing for open-wheel single-seater formula racing cars sanctioned by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA). The World Drivers' Championship, ...

from 1995 to 2000, the

British Touring Car Championship The Kwik Fit British Touring Car Championship is a touring car racing series held each year in the United Kingdom, currently organised and administered by TOCA. It was established in 1958 as the British Saloon Car Championship and was renamed a ...

in 1995 and 1996 and since 2001 in the World Rally Championship,

Intercontinental Rally Challenge The Intercontinental Rally Challenge was an FIA-sanctioned rallying series organised by SRW Events and Eurosport Events, and aimed to "give new opportunities to young or amateur rally drivers competing in recognised regional and international ral ...

24 Hours of Le Mans The 24 Hours of Le Mans (french: link=no, 24 Heures du Mans) is an endurance-focused sports car race held annually near the town of Le Mans, France. It is the world's oldest active endurance racing event. Unlike fixed-distance races whose ...

Intercontinental Le Mans Cup The Intercontinental Le Mans Cup (shortened ILMC) was an endurance sports car racing tournament organised by the Automobile Club de l'Ouest (ACO) started in 2010.

, Dakar Rally and

Pikes Peak International Hill Climb The Pikes Peak International Hill Climb (PPIHC), also known as The Race to the Clouds, is an annual automobile hillclimb to the summit of Pikes Peak in Colorado, USA. The track measures and has over 156 turns, climbing from the sta ...

. Total is also a partner of

for its customer racing TCR Touring Car programme. Total was a partner of

Renault Sport Renault Sport () or Renaultsport, was the motorsport, performance and special vehicles division for Renault-badged cars. Renault Sport was officially established in 1976 as a merger between the Alpine and Gordini competition departments. It ...

in Formula One from 2009 to 2016. Their logo appeared on the

Red Bull Racing Red Bull Racing, also simply known as Red Bull or RBR and currently competing as Oracle Red Bull Racing, is a Formula One racing team, racing under an Austrian licence and based in the United Kingdom. It is one of two Formula One teams owned ...

cars between 2009 and 2016, the Renault F1 cars in 2009, 2010 and 2016, and the

Lotus F1 Lotus F1 Team was a British Formula One racing team. The team competed under the Lotus name from until , following the renaming of the former Renault team based at Enstone in Oxfordshire. The Lotus F1 Team was majority owned by Genii Capit ...

cars from 2011 to 2014. Total also partnered Caterham F1 Team in 2011–2014,

Scuderia Toro Rosso Scuderia Toro Rosso (; literal translation of "Red Bull Racing Team"), commonly known as Toro Rosso or by its abbreviation STR, was an Italian Formula One racing team. It was one of two Formula One teams owned by Austrian beverage company Re ...

in 2014–2015 and

Williams F1 Team Williams Grand Prix Engineering Limited, currently racing in Formula One as Williams Racing, is a British Formula One motor racing team and constructor. It was founded by former team owner Frank Williams and automotive engineer Patrick Hea ...

in 2012–2013. Also, Total was the title sponsor of the

Copa Sudamericana The CONMEBOL Sudamericana, named as ''Copa Sudamericana'' (; pt, Copa Sul-Americana ), is an annual international club football competition organized by CONMEBOL since 2002. It is the second-most prestigious club competition in South American ...

football tournament in 2013 and 2014. In 2017, Total was appointed by FIA and ACO as official fuel supplier of

World Endurance Championship World Endurance Championship may refer to: * FIA World Endurance Championship, an auto racing series held since 2012 * World Sportscar Championship, an auto racing series which used the title World Endurance Championship from 1981 to 1985 * Enduran ...

and

from 2018–19 season onwards. Total is one of the official sponsors for one of the most popular and influential Mexican football teams, Club America. In terms of educational development, Total provides scholarships worth millions of euros annually to international students to study in France. These programs are mainly for master's degrees. Doctoral scholarships are also offered but in limited numbers. The students mainly come from Europe, Africa, Asia, and the Middle East where Total Operates. Students from Africa are mainly from Nigeria. The scholarship involves the payment of Tuition and a monthly allowance of 1400 Euros (2014 disbursement). The allowance is able to cater for feeding, transportation, and accommodation for the students. The drop in oil prices in 2015 has led to the reduction of the number of scholars. In 2016, Total secured an eight-year sponsorship package from the

Confederation of African Football The Confederation of African Football, or CAF for short (french: link=yes, Confédération Africaine de Football, ar, link=yes, الاتحاد الأفريقي لكرة القدم, al-Ittiḥād al-Afrīqī li-Kurat al-Qadam), is the administ ...

(CAF) to support 10 of its principal competitions. Total will start with the

Africa Cup of Nations The Africa Cup of Nations referred to as AFCON (french: Coupe d'Afrique des Nations, sometimes referred to as CAN, or TotalEnergies Africa Cup of Nations for sponsorship reasons), and sometimes as African Cup of Nations, is the main internat ...

to be held in Gabon, therefore, renaming it Total Africa Cup of Nations. Following Total's purchase of Direct Énergie in the summer of 2018, the cycling team changed its name the following year to Total Direct Énergie ahead of that year's edition of Paris–Roubaix. In 2021 the team changed its name again to Team TotalEnergies in time for that year's Tour de France. In 2019, the company's Chief Executive Officer, Patrick Pouyanne pledged that Total would make a €100 million contribution to the reconstruction of the

Notre-Dame cathedral Notre-Dame de Paris (; meaning "Our Lady of Paris"), referred to simply as Notre-Dame, is a medieval Catholic cathedral on the Île de la Cité (an island in the Seine River), in the 4th arrondissement of Paris. The cathedral, dedicated to th ...

after it was extensively damaged in a

fire Fire is the rapid oxidation of a material (the fuel) in the exothermic chemical process of combustion, releasing heat, light, and various reaction products. At a certain point in the combustion reaction, called the ignition point, flames ...

. In 2020, the company confirmed a two-year sponsorship deal with

CR Flamengo Clube de Regatas do Flamengo (; English: ''Flamengo Rowing Club''), more commonly referred to as simply Flamengo, is a Brazilian sports club based in Rio de Janeiro, in the neighborhood of Gávea, best known for their professional football t ...

, being the first time a partner of a Brazilian football team.

Notes

References

External links

* * {{Authority control, state=expanded 1920s initial public offerings Automotive fuel retailers CAC 40 Chemical companies established in 1924 Chemical companies of France Companies based in Île-de-France Companies in the Euro Stoxx 50 Companies listed on Euronext Paris Conglomerate companies established in 1924 Conglomerate companies of France Energy companies of France Energy companies established in 1924 French companies established in 1924 Multinational companies headquartered in France Multinational oil companies Non-renewable resource companies established in 1924 Oil companies of France Privatized companies of France