Tin(IV) fluoride is a
chemical compound
A chemical compound is a chemical substance composed of many identical molecules (or molecular entities) containing atoms from more than one chemical element held together by chemical bonds. A molecule consisting of atoms of only one element ...
of
tin
Tin is a chemical element with the symbol Sn (from la, stannum) and atomic number 50. Tin is a silvery-coloured metal.
Tin is soft enough to be cut with little force and a bar of tin can be bent by hand with little effort. When bent, t ...
and
fluorine with the
chemical formula
In chemistry, a chemical formula is a way of presenting information about the chemical proportions of atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound or molecule, using chemical element symbols, numbers, and sometimes also other symbol ...
SnF
4 and is a white solid with a melting point above 700 °C.
SnF
4 can be prepared by the reaction of tin metal with fluorine gas:
:Sn + 2F
2 → SnF
4
However, a passivating metal fluoride layer will be created and the surface will eventually become unreactive. An alternative synthesis is the reaction of
SnCl4 with anhydrous
hydrogen fluoride:
:SnCl
4 + 4HF → SnF
4 + 4HCl
With alkali metal fluorides (e.g. KF) hexafluorostannates are produced (e.g.K
2SnF
6), which contain the octahedral SnF
62− anion. SnF
4 behaves as a
Lewis acid and adducts L
2·SnF
4 and L·SnF
4 have been produced.
Structure
Unlike the other tin
tetrahalides,
tin(IV) chloride
Tin(IV) chloride, also known as tin tetrachloride or stannic chloride, is an inorganic compound with the formula Sn Cl4. It is a colorless hygroscopic liquid, which fumes on contact with air. It is used as a precursor to other tin compounds. It w ...
,
tin(IV) bromide, and
tin(IV) iodide, which contain tetrahedrally coordinated tin, tin(IV) fluoride contains planar layers of octahedrally coordinated tin, where the octahedra share four corners and there are two terminal, unshared, fluorine atoms ''
trans
Trans- is a Latin prefix meaning "across", "beyond", or "on the other side of".
Used alone, trans may refer to:
Arts, entertainment, and media
* Trans (festival), a former festival in Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
* ''Trans'' (fil ...
'' to one another.
[Inorganic Chemistry aperback2d Edition, Housecroft, Sharpe,2004, Pearson Education , ] The melting point of SnF
4 is much higher (700 °C) than the other tin(IV) halides which are relatively low melting, (
SnCl4, −33.3 °C;
SnBr4, 31 °C;
SnI4, 144 °C).
The structure can also be contrasted with the tetrafluorides of the lighter members of group 14, (
CF4,
SiF4 and
GeF4) which in the solid state form molecular crystals.
See also
*
Stannous fluoride
Tin(II) fluoride, commonly referred to commercially as stannous fluoride (from Latin ', 'tin'), is a chemical compound with the formula SnF2. It is a colourless solid used as an ingredient in toothpastes.
Oral health benefits
Stannous fluoride wa ...
References
{{fluorine compounds
Fluorides
Tin(IV) compounds
Metal halides