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In Christian angelology
In Christianity, angels are the agents of God. Various works of Christian theology have devised hierarchies of angelic beings. The most influential Christian angelic hierarchy was put forward around the turn of the 6th century AD by Pseudo-Di ...
, thrones ( grc, θρόνος, pl. θρόνοι; la, thronus, pl. ''throni'') are a class of angel
In various theistic religious traditions an angel is a supernatural spiritual being who serves God.
Abrahamic religions often depict angels as benevolent celestial intermediaries between God (or Heaven) and humanity. Other roles include ...
s. This is based on an interpretation of . According to 1 Peter 3:21–22, Christ
Jesus, likely from he, יֵשׁוּעַ, translit=Yēšūaʿ, label=Hebrew/Aramaic ( AD 30 or 33), also referred to as Jesus Christ or Jesus of Nazareth (among other Names and titles of Jesus in the New Testament, names and titles), was ...
had gone to Heaven and "angels and authorities and powers" had been made subject to him.
Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite in his work De Coelesti Hierarchia includes the thrones as the third highest of nine levels of angels.
Christian angelology
According to Matthew Bunson, the corresponding order of angels in Judaism is called the ''abalim'' or ''arelim''/''erelim Erelim (, ''ʾErʾellīm''; sing. אֶרְאֵל, ''ʾErʾēl''; “valiant ones”), is a class of angel whose existence is derived from a verse in the book of Isaiah regarding the impending invasion of Jerusalem by Sennacherib during the reign of ...
'',Bunson, Matthew. ''Angels A to Z''. New York:Crown Trade Paperbacks, 1996. . but this opinion is far from universal. The Hebrew word ''erelim'' is usually not translated "thrones", but rather "valiant ones", "heroes", or "warriors". The function ascribed to ''erelim'' in and in Jewish folkloreLouis Ginzberg: Legends of the Jews 5:23, n. 64; 5:417, n. 117 is not consistent with the lore surrounding the thrones.
Thrones are sometimes equated with ophanim
The ophanim (Hebrew: ''ʿōp̄annīm'', "wheels"; singular: ''ʿōp̄ān'', “Ofan”), alternatively spelled ''auphanim'' or ''ofanim'', and also called ''galgalim'' (Hebrew: ''galgallīm'', "spheres", "wheels", "whirlwinds"; singular: ''gal ...
since the throne of God is usually depicted as being moved by wheels, as in the vision of (Old Testament). Rosemary Ellen Guiley (1996: p. 37) states that:
Notes
References
* Bunson, Matthew. ''Angels A to Z''. New York:Crown Trade Paperbacks, 1996. * Gulley, Rosemary Ellen (1996). ''Encyclopedia of Angels''.External links
{{Angels in Abrahamic religions Angels in Christianity Classes of angels