The Buddha Siddhartha Gautama, most commonly referred to as the Buddha, was a śramaṇa, wandering ascetic and religious teacher who lived in South Asia during the 6th or 5th century BCE and founded Buddhism. According to Buddhist tradition, he was ...

identified the threefold training ( sa, triśikṣā; pi, tisikkhā; or simply ''śikṣā'' or ''sikkhā'') as training in: * higher

virtue Virtue ( la, virtus) is morality, moral excellence. A virtue is a trait or quality that is deemed to be morally good and thus is Value (ethics), valued as a foundation of principle and good moral being. In other words, it is a behavior that sh ...

(Pali ''adhisīla-sikkhā'', Skt. ''adhiśīlaśikṣa'') * higher

mind The mind is the set of faculties responsible for all mental phenomena. Often the term is also identified with the phenomena themselves. These faculties include thought, imagination, memory, will, and sensation. They are responsible for various m ...

(Pali ''adhicitta-sikkhā'', Skt. ''samādhiśikṣa'') * higher

wisdom Wisdom, sapience, or sagacity is the ability to contemplate and act using knowledge, experience, understanding, common sense and insight. Wisdom is associated with attributes such as unbiased judgment, compassion, experiential self-knowledg ...

(Pali ''adhipaññā-sikkhā'', Skt. ''prajñāśikṣa'')

In the Pali Canon

According to

Theravada ''Theravāda'' () ( si, ථේරවාදය, my, ထေရဝါဒ, th, เถรวาท, km, ថេរវាទ, lo, ເຖຣະວາດ, pi, , ) is the most commonly accepted name of Buddhism's oldest existing school. The school ...

canonical texts, pursuing this training leads to the abandonment of lust, hatred, and delusion. One who is fully accomplished in this training attains

Nirvana ( , , ; sa, निर्वाण} ''nirvāṇa'' ; Pali: ''nibbāna''; Prakrit: ''ṇivvāṇa''; literally, "blown out", as in an oil lamp Richard Gombrich, ''Theravada Buddhism: A Social History from Ancient Benāres to Modern Colomb ...

. In the Anguttara Nikaya, training in "higher virtue" includes following the Patimokkha, training in "higher mind" (sometimes simply referred to as "concentration") includes entering and dwelling in the four jhanas, and training in "higher wisdom" includes directly perceiving the

Four Noble Truths In Buddhism, the Four Noble Truths (Sanskrit: ; pi, cattāri ariyasaccāni; "The four Arya satyas") are "the truths of the Noble Ones", the truths or realities for the "spiritually worthy ones".

canonical_ The_adjective_canonical_is_applied_in_many_contexts_to_mean_"according_to_the__canon"_the__standard,_rule_or_primary_source_that_is_accepted_as_authoritative_for_the_body_of_knowledge_or_literature_in_that_context._In_mathematics,_"canonical_examp_...

_discourses,_a_more_"gradual"_instruction_(''anupubbikatha.html" ;"title="Pali_Canon.html" "title="Four Noble Truths: BUDDHIST PHILOSOPHY Encycl ...

or knowledge of destruction of the taints. In several Pali Canon">canonical The adjective canonical is applied in many contexts to mean "according to the canon" the standard, rule or primary source that is accepted as authoritative for the body of knowledge or literature in that context. In mathematics, "canonical examp ...

Mahayana

Nagarjuna Nāgārjuna . 150 – c. 250 CE (disputed)was an Indian Mahāyāna Buddhist thinker, scholar-saint and philosopher. He is widely considered one of the most important Buddhist philosophers.Garfield, Jay L. (1995), ''The Fundamental Wisdom of ...

Nagarjuna's Letter to a Friend, Padmakara Translation Group, 2005, p. 47

Notes

Sources

* Nyanaponika Thera and

Bhikkhu Bodhi Bhikkhu Bodhi (born December 10, 1944), born Jeffrey Block, is an American Theravada Buddhist monk, ordained in Sri Lanka and currently teaching in the New York and New Jersey area. He was appointed the second president of the Buddhist Publ ...

(trans. and ed.) (1999). ''Numerical Discourses of the Buddha: An Anthology of Suttas from the Anguttara Nikaya''. Walnut Creek, CA: Altamira Press. . * Thanissaro Bhikkhu (trans.) (1998a). ''AN 3.88: Sikkha Sutta - Trainings (1).'' Available on-line at http://www.accesstoinsight.org/tipitaka/an/an03/an03.088.than.html. * Thanissaro Bhikkhu (trans.) (1998b). ''AN 3.89: Sikkha Sutta - Trainings (2).'' Available on-line at http://www.accesstoinsight.org/tipitaka/an/an03/an03.089.than.html. * Thanissaro Bhikkhu (trans.) (1998c). ''MN 44: Culavedalla Sutta: The Shorter Set of Questions-and-Answers.'' Available on-line at http://www.accesstoinsight.org/tipitaka/mn/mn.044.than.html.

External links

English translation
an

of the Anguttara Nikaya's Book of Threes' Monk ('' samana'') chapter, including AN 3:82 to 3:92 (metta.lk)
"Threefold Training"
talk by Mahasi Sayadaw. {{Buddhism topics Buddhist philosophical concepts Buddhist meditation Buddhist ethics

In the Pali Canon

Similarity to threefold partition of the Noble Eightfold Path

Mahayana

Notes

Sources

External links