Threatened fauna of Australia are those

species A species () is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. It is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), ...

and

subspecies In Taxonomy (biology), biological classification, subspecies (: subspecies) is a rank below species, used for populations that live in different areas and vary in size, shape, or other physical characteristics (Morphology (biology), morpholog ...

birds Birds are a group of warm-blooded vertebrates constituting the class (biology), class Aves (), characterised by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the Oviparity, laying of Eggshell, hard-shelled eggs, a high Metabolism, metabolic rate, a fou ...

fish A fish (: fish or fishes) is an aquatic animal, aquatic, Anamniotes, anamniotic, gill-bearing vertebrate animal with swimming fish fin, fins and craniate, a hard skull, but lacking limb (anatomy), limbs with digit (anatomy), digits. Fish can ...

frogs A frog is any member of a diverse and largely semiaquatic group of short-bodied, tailless amphibian vertebrates composing the order Anura (coming from the Ancient Greek , literally 'without tail'). Frog species with rough skin texture due to ...

insects Insects (from Latin ') are hexapod invertebrates of the class Insecta. They are the largest group within the arthropod phylum. Insects have a chitinous exoskeleton, a three-part body (head, thorax and abdomen), three pairs of jointed ...

mammals A mammal () is a vertebrate animal of the class Mammalia (). Mammals are characterised by the presence of milk-producing mammary glands for feeding their young, a broad neocortex region of the brain, fur or hair, and three middle e ...

molluscs Mollusca is a phylum of protostome, protostomic invertebrate animals, whose members are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 76,000 extant taxon, extant species of molluscs are recognized, making it the second-largest animal phylum ...

crustaceans Crustaceans (from Latin meaning: "those with shells" or "crusted ones") are invertebrate animals that constitute one group of Arthropod, arthropods that are traditionally a part of the subphylum Crustacea (), a large, diverse group of mainly aquat ...

, and

reptiles Reptiles, as commonly defined, are a group of tetrapods with an ectothermic metabolism and Amniotic egg, amniotic development. Living traditional reptiles comprise four Order (biology), orders: Testudines, Crocodilia, Squamata, and Rhynchocepha ...

to be found in Australia that are in danger of becoming

extinct Extinction is the termination of an organism by the death of its Endling, last member. A taxon may become Functional extinction, functionally extinct before the death of its last member if it loses the capacity to Reproduction, reproduce and ...

. This article lists species classified as

threatened species A threatened species is any species (including animals, plants and fungi) which is vulnerable to extinction in the near future. Species that are threatened are sometimes characterised by the population dynamics measure of ''critical depensatio ...

under the Commonwealth ''

Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 The ''Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999'' (Cth) is an Act of the Parliament of Australia that provides a framework for protection of the Australian environment, including its biodiversity and its natural and cult ...

'' (EPBC Act).

Background

Based on the list of Australian animals extinct in the Holocene, about 33

mammal A mammal () is a vertebrate animal of the Class (biology), class Mammalia (). Mammals are characterised by the presence of milk-producing mammary glands for feeding their young, a broad neocortex region of the brain, fur or hair, and three ...

s (27 from the mainland, including the

thylacine The thylacine (; binomial name ''Thylacinus cynocephalus''), also commonly known as the Tasmanian tiger or Tasmanian wolf, was a carnivorous marsupial that was native to the Mainland Australia, Australian mainland and the islands of Tasmani ...

), 24

bird Birds are a group of warm-blooded vertebrates constituting the class (biology), class Aves (), characterised by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the Oviparity, laying of Eggshell, hard-shelled eggs, a high Metabolism, metabolic rate, a fou ...

s (three from the mainland), one

reptile Reptiles, as commonly defined, are a group of tetrapods with an ectothermic metabolism and Amniotic egg, amniotic development. Living traditional reptiles comprise four Order (biology), orders: Testudines, Crocodilia, Squamata, and Rhynchocepha ...

, and three

frog A frog is any member of a diverse and largely semiaquatic group of short-bodied, tailless amphibian vertebrates composing the order (biology), order Anura (coming from the Ancient Greek , literally 'without tail'). Frog species with rough ski ...

are strongly believed to have become extinct in Australia during the

Holocene The Holocene () is the current geologic time scale, geological epoch, beginning approximately 11,700 years ago. It follows the Last Glacial Period, which concluded with the Holocene glacial retreat. The Holocene and the preceding Pleistocene to ...

epoch. These figures exclude dubious

taxa In biology, a taxon (back-formation from ''taxonomy''; : taxa) is a group of one or more populations of an organism or organisms seen by taxonomists to form a unit. Although neither is required, a taxon is usually known by a particular name and ...

like the Roper River scrub robin (''Drymodes superciliaris colcloughi'') and possibly extinct taxa like the Christmas Island shrew (''Crocidura trichura''). An

online database In computing, a database is an organized collection of Data (computing), data or a type of data store based on the use of a database management system (DBMS), the software that interacts with end users, Application software, applications, and ...

of threatened mammals launched on 22 April 2020 reported that there had been a decline of more than a third of threatened mammal numbers in the past 20 years, but the data also show that targeted conservation efforts are working. The ''Threatened Mammal Index'' "contains population trends for 57 of Australia's threatened or near-threatened terrestrial and marine mammal species". A study published in '' Biological Conservation'' in March 2023 listed 23 species which the authors considered to no longer meet the criteria as threatened species under the EPBC Act. The team, led by John Woinarski of

Charles Darwin University Charles Darwin University (CDU) is an Australian public university with two campuses in Darwin and six satellite campuses in metropolitan and regional areas of the Northern Territory. It was established in 2003 after the merger of Northern Ter ...

, looked at all species listed as threatened under the act in 2000 and 2022. There was one fish (

Murray cod The Murray cod (''Maccullochella peelii'') is a large Australian predatory freshwater fish of the genus '' Maccullochella'' in the family Percichthyidae.Dianne J. Bray & Vanessa J. Thompson (2011Murray Cod, Maccullochella peelii Fishes of Au ...

) and one reptile ( Flinders Ranges worm-lizard) on the list, along with fifteen mammals, eight birds, and four frogs.

Threatened species legislation

The list of species below includes those proclaimed under the Australian federal EPBC Act. The classifications are based on those used by the

World Conservation Union The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) is an international organization working in the field of nature conservation and sustainable use of natural resources. Founded in 1948, IUCN has become the global authority on the statu ...

(IUCN); however, IUCN and Australian rankings do differ. Each state and territory also has its own legislation relating to environmental protection.

Federal legislation

'' (Cth) and Regulations set up a framework for protection of the Australian environment, including its biodiversity and its natural and culturally significant places.

State legislation

Threatened species in Australia are protected by, or affected by, four main types of legislation: * Protected areas legislation (e.g., '' National Parks and Wildlife Act 1974'' (NSW)) * Threatened species legislation (e.g. ''Threatened Species Conservation Act 1995'' (NSW), '' Threatened Species Protection Act 1995'' (Tas)) * Native vegetation conservation laws * Fisheries legislation

List of species

Extinct in the wild

One fish is listed as extinct in the wild. * Pedder galaxias, ''Galaxias pedderensis''

Critically endangered

Five mammals, six birds, two reptiles, three fish and five other species are listed as critically endangered.

Invertebrates

*Amphipod crustacean '' Austrogammarus australis'' *Freshwater snail '' Beddomeia tumida'' *Boggomoss snail, Dawson Valley snail, '' Adclarkia dawsonensis'' *Margaret River hairy marron, '' Cherax tenuimanus'' *Lord Howe Island stick insect, ''

Dryococelus australis ''Dryococelus australis'', also known as the Lord Howe Island stick insect, Lord Howe Island phasmid or, locally, as the tree lobster, is a species of stick insect that lives in the Lord Howe Island Group. It is the only member of the monotypi ...

'' *Golden sun moth, '' Synemon plana'' * Mitchell's rainforest snail, ''Thersites mitchellae''

Fish

* Grey nurse shark, ''Carcharias taurus'' - east coast population * Western trout minnow, western trout galaxias, '' Galaxias truttaceus hesperius'' * Speartooth shark, ''Glyphis glyphis'' * Opal cling goby, '' Stiphodon semoni''

Reptiles

Western swamp tortoise The western swamp turtle or western swamp tortoise (''Pseudemydura umbrina'') is a Critically Endangered, critically endangered species of freshwater turtle Endemism, endemic to a small portion of Western Australia. It is the only member of the ...

, ''Pseudemydura umbrina'' * Leathery turtle, leatherback turtle, luth, ''Dermochelys coriacea''

Birds

* Scrubtit (King Island subspecies), '' Acanthornis magnus greenianus'' * Spotted quail-thrush (Mt Lofty Ranges subspecies), '' Cinclosoma punctatum anachoreta'' * Yellow chat (Dawson subspecies), '' Epthianura crocea macgregori'' * Orange-bellied parrot, ''Neophema chrysogaster'' * Round Island petrel, '' Pterodroma arminjoniana'' * Herald petrel, ''Pterodroma heraldica''

Mammals

* Gilbert's potoroo, ''Potorous gilbertii'' * Christmas Island pipistrelle, ''Pipistrellus murrayi'' * Bare-rumped sheathtail bat, '' Saccolaimus saccolaimus nudicluniatus'' * Southern bent-wing bat, ''Miniopterus schreibersii bassanii'' *

Leadbeater's possum Leadbeater's possum (''Gymnobelideus leadbeateri'') is a critically endangered Phalangeriformes, possum largely restricted to small pockets of Eucalyptus delegatensis, alpine ash, Eucalyptus regnans, mountain ash, and Eucalyptus pauciflora, sno ...

, ''Gymnobelideus leadbeateri''

Endangered

Thirty-four mammals, thirty-eight birds, eleven reptiles, eighteen frogs, sixteen fishes and eleven other species are listed as endangered.

Invertebrates

*Desert sand-skipper, aestiva skipper, '' Croitana aestiva'' * Central North burrowing crayfish, '' Engaeus granulatus'' * Tasmanian giant freshwater crayfish, ''Astacopsis gouldi'' * Furneaux burrowing crayfish, ''Engaeus martigener'' * Scottsdale burrowing crayfish, ''Engaeus spinicaudatus'' * Gove crow butterfly, '' Euploea alcathoe enastri'' * Broad-toothed stag beetle, Wielangta stag beetle, ''Lissotes latidens'' *Freshwater snail, '' Beddomeia capensis'' *Land snail '' Mesodontrachia fitzroyana'' * Lord Howe placostylus, Lord Howe flax snail, ''Placostylus bivaricosus'' *Land snail '' Semotrachia euzyga'' *Land snail '' Sinumelon bednalli'' *Moth '' Phyllodes imperialis'' (southern subspecies)

Fish

* Spotted handfish, spotted-hand fish, ''Brachionichthys hirsutus'' * Elizabeth Springs goby, ''Chlamydogobius micropterus'' * Golden galaxias, ''Galaxias auratus'' * Swan galaxias, ''Galaxias fontanus'' * Barred galaxias, ''Galaxias fuscus'' * Clarence galaxias, ''Galaxias johnstoni'' * Northern river shark, New Guinea river shark, ''Glyphis garricki'' *Clarence River cod, eastern freshwater cod, ''Maccullochella ikei'' * Trout cod, ''Maccullochella macquariensis'' * Mary River cod, ''Maccullochella peelii mariensis'' * Macquarie perch, ''Macquaria australasica'' * Lake Eacham rainbowfish, ''Melanotaenia eachamensis'' * Oxleyan pygmy perch, ''Nannoperca oxleyana'' * Arthurs paragalaxias, ''Paragalaxias mesotes'' * Maugean skate, Port Davey skate, ''Zearaja maugeana'' * Redfin blue-eye, ''Scaturiginichthys vermeilipinnis''

Amphibians

*White-bellied frog, creek frog, '' Geocrinia alba'' *Yellow-spotted tree frog, yellow-spotted bell frog, '' Litoria castanea'' *Armoured mistfrog, '' Litoria lorica'' *Waterfall frog, torrent tree frog, '' Litoria nannotis'' *Mountain mistfrog, '' Litoria nyakalensis'' *Spotted tree frog, '' Litoria spenceri'' *Fleay's frog, '' Mixophyes fleayi'' *Southern barred frog, giant barred frog, '' Mixophyes iteratus'' *Lace-eyed tree frog, Australian lace-lid, '' Nyctimystes dayi'' *Baw Baw frog, '' Philoria frosti'' *Southern corroboree frog, '' Pseudophryne corroboree'' *Sunset frog, '' Spicospina flammocaerulea'' *Eungella day frog, '' Taudactylus eungellensis'' *Tinkling frog, '' Taudactylus rheophilus'' *Booroolong frog, '' Litoria booroolongensis''

Reptiles

* Loggerhead turtle, ''Caretta caretta'' * Yellow-snouted ground gecko, '' Diplodactylus occultus'' * Arnhem Land Gorges skink, ''Bellatorias obiri'' * Slater's skink, floodplain skink, ''Egernia slateri slateri'' * Western spiny-tailed skink, ''Egernia stokesii badia'' * Gulf snapping turtle, ''Elusor lavarackorum'' * Mary River tortoise, ''Elusor macrurus'' * Blue Mountains water skink, ''Eulamprus leuraensis'' * Corangamite water skink, '' Eulamprus tympanum marnieae'' * Pacific ridley, olive ridley, ''Lepidochelys olivacea'' * Allan's lerista, retro slider, ''Lerista allanae'' * Pygmy blue-tongue lizard, Adelaide blue-tongue lizard, ''Tiliqua adelaidensis'' * Grassland earless dragon, '' Tympanocryptis lineata pinguicolla'' * Mary River turtle

Birds

* Brown thornbill (King Island subspecies), ''Acanthiza pusilla archibaldi'' * Christmas Island goshawk, ''Accipiter fasciatus natalis'' *

Wedge-tailed eagle The wedge-tailed eagle (''Aquila audax'') also known as the eaglehawk, is the largest bird of prey in the continent of Australia. It is also found in southern New Guinea to the north and is distributed as far south as the state of Tasmania. A ...

(Tasmanian subspecies), ''Aquila audax fleayi'' *

Red-tailed black-cockatoo The red-tailed black cockatoo (''Calyptorhynchus banksii'') also known as Banksian- or Banks' black cockatoo, is a large black cockatoo native to Australia. Adult males have a characteristic pair of bright red panels on the tail that gives ...

(south-eastern subspecies), ''Calyptorhynchus banksii graptogyne'' * Glossy black-cockatoo (South Australian and Kangaroo Island subspecies), ''Calyptorhynchus lathami halmaturinus'' * Carnaby's black cockatoo, short-billed black cockatoo, ''Calyptorhynchus latirostris'' * Southern cassowary (Australian subspecies), ''Casuarius casuarius johnsonii'' * Common emerald dove (Christmas Island subspecies), '' Chalcophaps indica natalis'' *

Norfolk Island green parrot The Norfolk parakeet (''Cyanoramphus cookii''), also called Tasman parakeet, Norfolk Island green parrot or Norfolk Island red-crowned parakeet, is a species of parrot in the family Psittaculidae. It is endemic to Norfolk Island (located betwe ...

(formerly the Norfolk Island subspecies of the red-fronted parakeet), ''Cyanoramphus cookii'' * Coxen's fig parrot, ''Cyclopsitta diophthalma coxeni'' * Eastern bristlebird, ''Dasyornis brachypterus'' * Amsterdam albatross, ''Diomedea amsterdamensis'' * Tristan albatross, ''Diomedea dabbenena'' * Northern royal albatross, ''Diomedea sanfordi'' * Gouldian finch, ''Erythrura gouldiae'' * Buff-banded rail (Cocos (Keeling) Islands subspecies), '' Gallirallus philippensis andrewsi'' * Chestnut-rumped heathwren (Mt Lofty Ranges subspecies), ''Hylacola pyrrhopygia parkeri'' * Swift parrot, ''Lathamus discolor'' * Helmeted honeyeater, ''Lichenostomus melanops cassidix'' * Southern giant-petrel, ''Macronectes giganteus'' * Black-eared miner, ''Manorina melanotis'' * Hooded robin (Tiwi Islands subspecies), ''Melanodryas cucullata melvillensis'' * Star finch (eastern and southern subspecies), ''Neochmia ruficauda ruficauda'' * Norfolk Island boobook, ''Ninox novaeseelandiae undulata'' * Forty-spotted pardalote, ''Pardalotus quadragintus'' * Night parrot, ''Pezoporus occidentalis'' *

Western ground parrot The ground parrot (''Pezoporus wallicus'') is a parrot endemic to Australia. It is one of only four ground-dwelling parrots in the world, the others being the closely related night parrot (''Pezoporus occidentalis''), the Antipodes parakeet ('' ...

, ''Pezoporus flaviventris'' * Black-throated finch (southern subspecies), ''Poephila cincta cincta'' * Golden-shouldered parrot, ''Psephotus chrysopterygius'' * Western whipbird (western heath subspecies), ''Psophodes nigrogularis nigrogularis'' * Gould's petrel (nominate subspecies), ''Pterodroma leucoptera leucoptera'' * Antarctic tern (New Zealand subspecies), ''Sterna vittata bethunei'' * Southern emu-wren (Fleurieu Peninsula and Mount Lofty subspecies), ''Stipiturus malachurus intermedius'' * Abbott's booby, ''Sula abbotti'' * Chatham albatross, ''Thalassarche eremita'' * Christmas thrush, ''Turdus poliocephalus erythropleurus'' * Buff-breasted button-quail, ''Turnix olivii'' *

Masked owl Masked owl or masked-owl refers to various owls in the genus ''Tyto'', including: * Australian masked owl (''Tyto novaehollandiae'') ** Tasmanian masked owl (''Tyto novaehollandiae castanops'') * Golden masked owl (''Tyto aurantia'') * Manus ma ...

(Tiwi Islands subspecies), ''Tyto novaehollandiae melvillensis'' * Regent honeyeater, ''Xanthomyza phrygia''

Mammals

Blue whale The blue whale (''Balaenoptera musculus'') is a marine mammal and a baleen whale. Reaching a maximum confirmed length of and weighing up to , it is the largest animal known ever to have existed. The blue whale's long and slender body can ...

, ''Balaenoptera musculus'' *

Julia Creek dunnart The Julia Creek dunnart (''Sminthopsis douglasi'') is a marsupial with a buffy brown upperside and white underside. This dunnart has a body length of 100–135 mm with a tail of 60–105 mm to make a total length of 160–240 mm ...

, ''Sminthopsis douglasi'' *

Koala The koala (''Phascolarctos cinereus''), sometimes inaccurately called the koala bear, is an arboreal herbivorous marsupial native to Australia. It is the only Extant taxon, extant representative of the Family (biology), family ''Phascolar ...

(Phascolarctos cinereus) * Northern bettong, ''Bettongia tropica'' * Mountain pygmy-possum, ''Burramys parvus'' * Christmas Island shrew, ''Crocidura attenuata trichura'' * Ampurta, ''Dasycercus hillieri'' * Northern quoll, ''Dasyurus hallucatus'' * Tiger quoll (north Queensland subspecies), ''Dasyurus maculatus gracilis'' *Tiger quoll (southeastern mainland population), ''Dasyurus maculatus maculatus'' *

Southern right whale The southern right whale (''Eubalaena australis'') is a baleen whale, one of three species classified as right whales belonging to the genus ''Eubalaena''. Southern right whales inhabit oceans south of the Equator, between the latitudes of 20� ...

, ''Eubalaena australis'' * Semon's leaf-nosed bat, greater wart-nosed horseshoe-bat, ''Hipposideros semoni'' * Southern brown bandicoot, ''Isoodon obesulus obesulus'' * Rufous hare-wallaby, ''Lagorchestes hirsutus'' unnamed subspecies (central mainland form) * Northern marsupial mole, ''Notoryctes caurinus'' *

Southern marsupial mole The southern marsupial mole (''Notoryctes typhlops''), also known as the itjaritjari () or itjari-itjari, is a Mole (animal), mole-like marsupial found in the western central deserts of Australia. It is extremely adapted to a Fossorial, burrowing ...

, ''Notoryctes typhlops'' * Bridled nail-tail wallaby, ''Onychogalea fraenata'' * Dibbler, ''Parantechinus apicalis'' * Western barred bandicoot (Shark Bay subspecies), ''Perameles bougainville bougainville'' *

Eastern barred bandicoot The eastern barred bandicoot (''Perameles gunnii'') is a nocturnal, rabbit-sized marsupial endemic to southeastern Australia, being native to the island of Tasmania and mainland Victoria (Australia), Victoria. It is one of three surviving bandi ...

, ''Perameles gunnii'' unnamed subspecies, mainland *

Mahogany glider The mahogany glider (''Petaurus gracilis'') is an endangered gliding possumProserpine rock-wallaby, ''Petrogale persephone'' * Red-tailed phascogale, ''Phascogale calura'' * Long-footed potoroo, ''Potorous longipes'' * Spotted cuscus, ''Spilocuscus maculatus'' * Smoky mouse, ''Pseudomys fumeus'' * Hastings River mouse, ''Pseudomys oralis'' * Greater large-eared horseshoe bat, ''Rhinolophus philippinensis'' (large form) *

Tasmanian devil The Tasmanian devil (''Sarcophilus harrisii''; palawa kani: ''purinina'') is a carnivorous marsupial of the family Dasyuridae. It was formerly present across mainland Australia, but became extinct there around 3,500 years ago; it is now con ...

''Sarcophilus harrisii'' * Kangaroo Island dunnart, ''Sminthopsis aitkeni'' *

, ''Sminthopsis douglasi'' * Sandhill dunnart, ''Sminthopsis psammophila'' * Carpentarian rock rat, ''Zyzomys palatalis'' * Central rock rat, '' Zyzomys pedunculatus'' * Northern hairy-nosed wombat ''Lasiorhinus krefftii''

Vulnerable

Invertebrates

*'' Draculoides bramstokeri'' * Mount Arthur burrowing crayfish, ''Engaeus orramakunna'' * Burnie burrowing crayfish, ''Engaeus yabbimunna'' *'' Lasionectes exleyi'', a cave-dwelling

remipede Remipedia is a class of blind crustaceans, closely related to hexapods, found in coastal aquifers which contain saline groundwater, with populations identified in almost every ocean basin so far explored, including in Australia, the Caribbean Se ...

crustacean * Giant Gippsland earthworm, ''Megascolides australis'' * Bathurst copper, purple copper, ''Paralucia spinifera''

Fish

* Red handfish, ''Brachionichthys politus'' * Grey nurse shark, ''Carcharias taurus'' (west coast population) *

Great white shark The great white shark (''Carcharodon carcharias''), also known as the white shark, white pointer, or simply great white, is a species of large Lamniformes, mackerel shark which can be found in the coastal surface waters of all the major ocea ...

, ''Carcharodon carcharias'' * Edgbaston goby, ''Chlamydogobius squamigenus'' * Murray hardyhead, ''Craterocephalus fluviatilis'' * Swamp galaxias, ''Galaxias parvus'' * Saddled galaxias, ''Galaxias tanycephalus'' * Eastern dwarf galaxias, dwarf galaxias, ''Galaxiella pusilla'' *

, cod, , ''Maccullochella peelii'' * Blind gudgeon, ''Milyeringa veritas'' * Flinders Ranges gudgeon, ''Mogurnda clivicola'' * Balston's pygmy perch, ''Nannatherina balstoni'' * Yarra pygmy perch, ''Nannoperca obscura'' * Ewens pygmy perch, golden pygmy perch, variegated pygmy perch, ''Nannoperca variegata'' *

Australian lungfish The Australian lungfish (''Neoceratodus forsteri''), also known as the Queensland lungfish, Burnett salmon and barramunda, is the only surviving member of the family Neoceratodontidae. It is one of only six extant lungfish species in the world. ...

, Queensland lungfish, ''Neoceratodus forsteri'' *

Blind cave eel The blind cave eel (''Ophisternon candidum'') is a species of cavefish in the family Synbranchidae. It is the longest cavefish in Australia (up to ) and one of the only three vertebrates in Australia that is restricted to underground waters, the ...

, ''Ophisternon candidum'' * Shannon paragalaxias, ''Paragalaxias dissimilis'' * Great Lake paragalaxias, ''Paragalaxias eleotroides'' * Dwarf sawfish, Queensland sawfish, ''Pristis clavata'' * Freshwater sawfish, largetooth sawfish, ''Pristis microdon'' * Green sawfish, dindagubba, narrowsnout sawfish, ''Pristis zijsron'' * Australian grayling, ''Prototroctes maraena'' * Honey blue-eye, ''Pseudomugil mellis'' *

Whale shark The whale shark (''Rhincodon typus'') is a slow-moving, filter feeder, filter-feeding carpet shark and the largest known Extant taxon, extant fish species. The largest confirmed individual had a length of . The whale shark holds many records for ...

, ''Rhincodon typus'' * Waterfall Bay handfish, '' Sympterichthys'' species SIRO #T1996.01*

Ziebell's handfish Ziebell's handfish (''Brachiopsilus ziebelli'') is a species of marine Actinopterygii, ray-finned fish belonging to the Family (biology), family Brachionichthyidae, the handfishes. This species is Endemism, endemic to eastern and southern Tasma ...

''Sympterichthys'' species SIRO #T6.01

Frogs

* Orange-bellied frog, ''Geocrinia vitellina'' * Giant burrowing frog, ''Heleioporus australiacus'' *

Green and golden bell frog The green and golden bell frog (''Ranoidea aurea''), also named the green bell frog, green and golden swamp frog and green frog, is a species of ground-dwelling tree frog native to eastern Australia. Despite its classification and climbing abi ...

, ''Litoria aurea'' * Littlejohn's tree frog, heath frog, ''Litoria littlejohni'' * Wallum sedge frog, ''Litoria olongburensis'' * Peppered tree frog, ''Litoria piperata'' * Southern bell frog, growling grass frog, warty bell frog, ''Litoria raniformis'' *

Alpine tree frog The whistling tree frog (''Litoria verreauxii''), or Verreaux's tree frog, is a species of frog found in Australia. It has been divided into two subspecies, the nominate Verreaux's tree frog (''L. v. verreauxii'') and the Verreaux's alpine tr ...

, Verreaux's alpine tree frog, ''Litoria verreauxii alpina'' * Stuttering frog, southern barred frog (in Victoria), ''Mixophyes balbus'' * Magnificent brood frog, ''Pseudophryne covacevichae'' *

Northern corroboree frog The northern corroboree frog (''Pseudophryne pengilleyi'') is a species of Australian ground frog, native to southeastern Australia. It is differentiated by the southern corrboree frog by having slightly narrower and greener stripes, while also b ...

, ''Pseudophryne pengilleyi'' * Kroombit tinker frog, Pleione's torrent frog, ''Taudactylus pleione'' * Blue Mountains tree frog, ''Litoria citropa''

Reptiles

* Five-clawed worm-skink, long-legged worm-skink, ''Anomalopus mackayi'' * Pink-tailed worm-lizard, ''Aprasia parapulchella'' * Flinders Ranges worm-lizard, ''Aprasia pseudopulchella'' * Hermite Island worm-lizard, ''Aprasia rostrata rostrata'' *

Green turtle The green sea turtle (''Chelonia mydas''), also known as the green turtle, black (sea) turtle or Pacific green turtle, is a species of large sea turtle of the family Cheloniidae. It is the only species in the genus ''Chelonia''. Its range exte ...

, ''Chelonia mydas'' * Lord Howe Island gecko, ''Christinus guentheri'' * Three-toed snake-tooth skink, ''Coeranoscincus reticulatus'' * Yinnietharra rock dragon, ''Ctenophorus yinnietharra'' * Airlie Island ctenotus, ''Ctenotus angusticeps'' * Lancelin Island skink, ''Ctenotus lancelini'' * Hamelin ctenotus, ''Ctenotus zastictus'' * Striped legless lizard, ''Delma impar'' * Striped-tailed delma, ''Delma labialis'' * Atherton delma, legless lizard, ''Delma mitella'' * Collared delma, ''Delma torquata'' * Ornamental snake, ''Denisonia maculata'' * Great desert skink, , ''Egernia kintorei'' * Yakka skink, ''Egernia rugosa'' * Baudin Island spiny-tailed skink, ''Egernia stokesii aethiops'' * Bell's turtle, Namoi River turtle, Bell's saw-shelled turtle, ''Elseya belli'' * Bellinger River emydura, ''Emydura macquarii signata'' * Hawksbill turtle, ''Eretmochelys imbricata'' * Dunmall's snake, ''Furina dunmalli'' * Broad-headed snake, ''Hoplocephalus bungaroides'' * Christmas Island gecko, Lister's gecko, ''Lepidodactylus listeri'' * Mount Cooper striped lerista, ''Lerista vittata'' * Pilbara olive python, ''Liasis olivaceus barroni'' * Flatback turtle, ''Natator depressus'' * Pernatty knob-tail, ''Nephrurus deleani'' * Pedra Branca skink, red-throated skink, ''Niveoscincus palfreymani'' * Krefft's tiger snake (Flinders Ranges), ''Notechis ater ater'' * Bronzeback snake-lizard, ''Ophidiocephalus taeniatus'' * Brigalow scaly-foot, ''Paradelma orientalis'' * Lord Howe Island skink, ''Pseudemoia lichenigera'' * Christmas Island blind snake, ''Ramphotyphlops exocoeti'' *

Fitzroy River turtle The Fitzroy River turtle (''Rheodytes leukops'') is a species of freshwater turtle in the family Chelidae. It is the only surviving member of the genus ''Rheodytes'', the other member being the extinct form '' Rheodytes devisi''.Thomson S. (2000) ...

, ''Rheodytes leukops'' * Border thick-tailed gecko, ''Underwoodisaurus sphyrurus''

Birds

* Slender-billed thornbill (western subspecies), ''Acanthiza iredalei iredalei'' *

Grey grasswren The grey grasswren (''Amytornis barbatus'') is a passerine bird in the Australasian wren family, Maluridae. It is found on arid inland floodplains of Australia where it is endemic. The grey grasswren is a rarely seen elusive bird that was first ...

(Bulloo River subspecies), ''Amytornis barbatus barbatus'' *

Thick-billed grasswren The thick-billed grasswren (''Amytornis modestus'') is a species of bird in the family Maluridae. It is Endemism, endemic to Australia. Its natural habitat is Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub, Mediterranean-type shrubby vegetation. ...

(eastern subspecies), ''Amytornis textilis modestus'' *Thick-billed grasswren (Gawler Ranges subspecies), ''Amytornis textilis myall'' * Lesser noddy (Australian subspecies), ''Anous tenuirostris melanops'' * Noisy scrub-bird, ''Atrichornis clamosus'' * Muir's corella, ''Cacatua pastinator pastinator'' * Baudin's black-cockatoo, long-billed black-cockatoo, ''Calyptorhynchus baudinii'' * Cape Barren goose (south-western subspecies), Recherche Cape Barren goose, ''Cereopsis novaehollandiae grisea'' * Western bristlebird, ''Dasyornis longirostris'' * Antipodean albatross, ''Diomedea antipodensis'' * Southern royal albatross, ''Diomedea epomophora'' *

Wandering albatross The snowy albatross (''Diomedea exulans''), also known as the wandering albatross, white-winged albatross, or goonie, is a large seabird from the family Diomedeidae Albatrosses, of the biological family (biology), family Diomedeidae, are la ...

, ''Diomedea exulans'' * Gibson's albatross, ''Diomedea gibsoni'' * Red goshawk, ''Erythrotriorchis radiatus'' * Crested shrike-tit (northern subspecies), northern shrike-tit, ''Falcunculus frontatus whitei'' * Christmas Island frigatebird, Andrew's frigatebird, ''Fregata andrewsi'' * White-bellied storm-petrel (Tasman Sea or Australasian subspecies), ''Fregetta grallaria grallaria'' * Squatter pigeon (southern subspecies), ''Geophaps scripta scripta'' * Partridge pigeon (western subspecies), ''Geophaps smithii blaauwi'' *Partridge pigeon (eastern subspecies), ''Geophaps smithii smithii'' * Blue petrel, ''Halobaena caerulea'' * Malleefowl, ''Leipoa ocellata'' * Northern giant-petrel, ''Macronectes halli'' * Purple-crowned fairy-wren, (western subspecies), ''Malurus coronatus coronatus'' * White-winged fairywren (Barrow Island subspecies), Barrow Island black-and-white fairywren, ''Malurus leucopterus edouardi'' *White-winged fairy-wren (Dirk Hartog Island subspecies), Dirk Hartog black-and-white fairy-wren, ''Malurus leucopterus leucopterus'' * Crimson finch (white-bellied subspecies), ''Neochmia phaeton evangelinae'' * Christmas Island hawk-owl, ''Ninox natalis'' * Norfolk golden whistler, ''Pachycephala pectoralis xanthoprocta'' * Red-lored whistler, ''Pachycephala rufogularis'' * Fairy prion (southern subspecies), ''Pachyptila turtur subantarctica'' * Plains-wanderer, ''Pedionomus torquatus'' * Scarlet robin (Norfolk Island subspecies), ''Petroica multicolor multicolor'' * Heard shag, ''Phalacrocorax nivalis'' * Macquarie shag, ''Phalacrocorax purpurascens'' * Sooty albatross, ''Phoebetria fusca'' * Princess parrot, Alexandra's parrot, ''Polytelis alexandrae'' * Regent parrot (eastern subspecies), ''Polytelis anthopeplus monarchoides'' * Superb parrot, ''Polytelis swainsonii'' * Western whipbird (eastern subspecies), ''Psophodes nigrogularis leucogaster'' * Western whipbird (western mallee subspecies), ''Psophodes nigrogularis oberon'' * Soft-plumaged petrel, ''Pterodroma mollis'' * Kermadec petrel (western subspecies), ''Pterodroma neglecta neglecta'' * Australian painted snipe, ''Rostratula australis'' * Antarctic tern (Indian Ocean subspecies), ''Sterna vittata vittata'' * Southern emu-wren (Eyre Peninsula subspecies), ''Stipiturus malachurus parimeda'' * Mallee emu-wren, ''Stipiturus mallee'' * Lord Howe Island currawong, pied currawong (Lord Howe Island subspecies), ''Strepera graculina crissalis'' * Buller's albatross, ''Thalassarche bulleri'' * Indian yellow-nosed albatross, ''Thalassarche carteri'' *

Shy albatross The shy albatross (''Thalassarche cauta'', formerly ''Diomedea cauta''), also known as shy mollymawk, is a medium-sized albatross that breeds on three remote islands off the coast of Tasmania, Australia, in the southern Indian Ocean. Its lifes ...

, ''Thalassarche cauta'' * Grey-headed albatross, ''Thalassarche chrysostoma'' * Campbell albatross, ''Thalassarche impavida'' * Black-browed albatross, ''Thalassarche melanophris'' * Pacific albatross, '' Thalassarche nov. sp.'' * Salvin's albatross, ''Thalassarche salvini'' * White-capped albatross, ''Thalassarche steadi'' * Lord Howe woodhen, ''Tricholimnas sylvestris'' * Black-breasted button-quail, ''Turnix melanogaster'' * Abrolhos painted buttonquail, ''Turnix varius scintillans'' *

(northern subspecies), ''Tyto novaehollandiae kimberli''

Mammals

* Subantarctic fur seal, ''Arctocephalus tropicalis'' *

Sei whale The sei whale ( , ; ''Balaenoptera borealis'') is a baleen whale. It is one of ten rorqual species, and the third-largest member after the blue and fin whales. It can grow to in length and weigh as much as . Two subspecies are recognized: ...

, ''Balaenoptera borealis'' *

Fin whale The fin whale (''Balaenoptera physalus''), also known as the finback whale or common rorqual, is a species of baleen whale and the second-longest cetacean after the blue whale. The biggest individual reportedly measured in length, wi ...

, ''Balaenoptera physalus'' *

Boodie The boodie (''Bettongia lesueur''), also known as the burrowing bettong or Lesueur's rat-kangaroo, is a small, furry, rat-like mammal native to Australia. Once common throughout the continent, it is now restricted to a few coastal islands. A memb ...

, burrowing bettong (Shark Bay subspecies), ''Bettongia lesueur lesueur'' *Boodie, burrowing bettong (Barrow and Boodie Islands subspecies), ''Bettongia lesueur'' unnamed subspecies *

Dingo The dingo (either included in the species ''Canis familiaris'', or considered one of the following independent taxa: ''Canis familiaris dingo'', ''Canis dingo'', or ''Canis lupus dingo'') is an ancient (basal (phylogenetics), basal) lineage ...

, ''Canis dingo'' * Large-eared pied bat, large pied bat, ''Chalinolobus dwyeri'' * Kowari, ''Dasycercus byrnei'' * Mulgara, ''Dasycercus cristicauda'' * Chuditch, western quoll, ''Dasyurus geoffroii'' * Spot-tailed quoll, spotted-tail quoll, tiger quoll (Tasmanian population), ''Dasyurus maculatus maculatus'' * Golden bandicoot (mainland subspecies), ''Isoodon auratus auratus'' *Golden bandicoot (Barrow Island subspecies), ''Isoodon auratus barrowensis'' * Southern brown bandicoot (Nuyts Archipelago subspecies), ''Isoodon obesulus nauticus'' * Spectacled hare-wallaby (Barrow Island subspecies), ''Lagorchestes conspicillatus conspicillatus'' * Rufous hare-wallaby (Bernier Island subspecies), ''Lagorchestes hirsutus bernieri'' *Rufous hare-wallaby (Dorre Island subspecies), ''Lagorchestes hirsutus dorreae'' * Banded hare-wallaby, marnine, munning, ''Lagostrophus fasciatus fasciatus'' *

Greater stick-nest rat The greater stick-nest rat (''Leporillus conditor''), also known as the housebuilding rat and wopilkara, is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. They are about the size of a small rabbit and construct large nests of interwoven sticks. Once ...

, wopilkara, ''Leporillus conditor'' * Barrow Island euro, ''Macropus robustus isabellinus'' * Greater bilby, ''Macrotis lagotis'' *

Humpback whale The humpback whale (''Megaptera novaeangliae'') is a species of baleen whale. It is a rorqual (a member of the family Balaenopteridae) and is the monotypic taxon, only species in the genus ''Megaptera''. Adults range in length from and weigh u ...

, ''Megaptera novaeangliae'' * Golden-backed tree-rat, ''Mesembriomys macrurus'' *

Southern elephant seal The southern elephant seal (''Mirounga leonina'') is one of two species of elephant seals. It is the largest member of the clade Pinnipedia and the order Carnivora, as well as the largest extant marine mammal that is not a cetacean. It gets its ...

, ''Mirounga leonina'' * Numbat, ''Myrmecobius fasciatus'' * Australian sea-lion, ''Neophoca cinerea'' * Northern hopping-mouse, ''Notomys aquilo'' * Dusky hopping-mouse, wilkiniti, ''Notomys fuscus'' * Corben's long-eared bat, south-eastern long-eared bat, ''Nyctophilus corbeni'' *

(Tasmania subspecies), ''Perameles gunnii gunnii'' *

Yellow-bellied glider The yellow-bellied glider (''Petaurus australis''), also known as the fluffy glider, is an arboreal and nocturnal gliding possum that lives in native eucalypt forests in eastern Australia, from northern Queensland south to Victoria. Habitat Th ...

, fluffy glider (Wet Tropics subspecies), ''Petaurus australis'' unnamed subspecies. * Warru, black-footed rock-wallaby (MacDonnell Ranges race), ''Petrogale lateralis'' MacDonnell Ranges race *Black-footed rock-wallaby (West Kimberley race), ''Petrogale lateralis'' West Kimberley race * Recherche rock-wallaby, ''Petrogale lateralis hacketti'' * Black-flanked rock-wallaby, ''Petrogale lateralis lateralis'' * Pearson Island rock-wallaby, ''Petrogale lateralis pearsoni'' * Brush-tailed rock-wallaby, ''Petrogale penicillata'' *

Yellow-footed rock-wallaby The yellow-footed rock-wallaby (''Petrogale xanthopus''), formerly known as the ring-tailed rock-wallaby, is a member of the macropod family (the marsupial family that includes the kangaroos, wallabies, tree-kangaroos, and wallaroos). Taxon ...

(South Australia and New South Wales subspecies), ''Petrogale xanthopus xanthopus'' * Long-nosed potoroo (south-east mainland subspecies), ''Potorous tridactylus tridactylus'' * Carpentarian false antechinus, ''Pseudantechinus mimulus'' * Western ringtail possum, ''Pseudocheirus occidentalis'' * Plains rat, ''Pseudomys australis'' * Djoongari, Alice Springs mouse, Shark Bay mouse, ''Pseudomys fieldi'' * Pilliga mouse, ''Pseudomys pilligaensis'' * Heath mouse, ''Pseudomys shortridgei'' * Spectacled flying-fox, ''Pteropus conspicillatus'' * Grey-headed flying-fox, ''Pteropus poliocephalus'' * Pilbara leaf-nosed bat, ''Rhinonicteris aurantius'' (Pilbara form) * Quokka, ''Setonix brachyurus'' * Butler's dunnart, ''Sminthopsis butleri'' * Boullanger Island dunnart, ''Sminthopsis griseoventer boullangerensis'' * Common wombat (Bass Strait subspecies), ''Vombatus ursinus ursinus'' * False water rat, water mouse, ''Xeromys myoides'' * Arnhem rock-rat, Arnhem Land rock-rat, ''Zyzomys maini''

Conservation-dependent

Four fish and one mammal are dependent on conservation measures.

Fish

* School shark, eastern school shark, snapper shark, tope, soupfin shark, ''Galeorhinus galeus'' *

Orange roughy The orange roughy (''Hoplostethus atlanticus''), also known as the red roughy, slimehead and deep sea perch, is a relatively large deep-sea fish belonging to the slimehead family (Trachichthyidae). It is bathypelagic, found in cold (), deep () ...

, deep-sea perch, red roughy, ''Hoplostethus atlanticus'' * Eastern gemfish, ''Rexea solandri'' (eastern Australian population) * Southern bluefin tuna, ''Thunnus maccoyii''

Mammals

* Southern bent-wing bat, ''Miniopterus schreibersii bassanii''

References

External links

EPBC Act List of Threatened Fauna
on the Species Profile and Threats Database, published by the

Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water The Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water (DCCEEW) is a department of the Australian Government. The department was established on 1 July 2022, superseding the water and environment functions from the Department of A ...

{{DEFAULTSORT:Threatened fauna of Australia Fauna of Australia by conservation status Lists of animals of Australia

Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising mainland Australia, the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and list of islands of Australia, numerous smaller isl ...

.T . Australian animals

Background

Threatened species legislation

Federal legislation

State legislation

List of species

Extinct in the wild

Critically endangered

Invertebrates

Fish

Reptiles

Birds

Mammals

Endangered

Invertebrates

Fish

Amphibians

Reptiles

Birds

Mammals

Vulnerable

Invertebrates

Fish

Frogs

Reptiles

Birds

Mammals

Conservation-dependent

Fish

Mammals

See also

References

External links