Tarvisio (

German German(s) may refer to: * Germany (of or related to) **Germania (historical use) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law **Ge ...

and fur, Tarvis, sl, Trbiž) is a

comune The (; plural: ) is a local administrative division of Italy, roughly equivalent to a township or municipality. It is the third-level administrative division of Italy, after regions ('' regioni'') and provinces (''province''). The can also ...

in the northeastern part of the autonomous

Friuli Venezia Giulia (man), it, Friulana (woman), it, Giuliano (man), it, Giuliana (woman) , population_note = , population_blank1_title = , population_blank1 = , demographics_type1 = , demographics1_footnotes = , demographics1_t ...

region in

Italy Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the Republic of Italy, is a country in Southern Europe. It is located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, and its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical ...

Geography

The town is in the Canal Valley (''Val Canale'') between the

Carnic Alps The Carnic Alps ( it, Alpi Carniche; german: Karnische Alpen; sl, Karnijske Alpe; fur, Alps Cjargnelis) are a range of the Southern Limestone Alps in Austria and northeastern Italy. They are within Austrian East Tyrol and Carinthia, and Itali ...

and Karawanks ranges in the north and the

Julian Alps The Julian Alps ( sl, Julijske Alpe, it, Alpi Giulie, , ) are a mountain range of the Southern Limestone Alps that stretch from northeastern Italy to Slovenia, where they rise to 2,864 m at Mount Triglav, the highest peak in Slovenia. A large p ...

in the south. Located at the border with both

Austria Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine states, one of which is the capital, Vienna, the most populous ...

and

Slovenia Slovenia ( ; sl, Slovenija ), officially the Republic of Slovenia (Slovene: , abbr.: ''RS''), is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered by Italy to the west, Austria to the north, Hungary to the northeast, Croatia to the southeast, and ...

, Tarvisio and its neighbouring municipalities of Arnoldstein and Kranjska Gora form the

tripoint A tripoint, trijunction, triple point, or tri-border area is a geographical point at which the boundaries of three countries or subnational entities meet. There are 175 international tripoints as of 2020. Nearly half are situated in rivers, l ...

of Romance, Germanic and Slavic Europe. The height west of the town centre marks the watershed between the Slizza creek, a tributary of the Gail River which is part of the

Danube The Danube ( ; ) is a river that was once a long-standing frontier of the Roman Empire and today connects 10 European countries, running through their territories or being a border. Originating in Germany, the Danube flows southeast for , pa ...

basin and the Fella River, a tributary of the

Tagliamento The Tagliamento () is a braided river in north-east Italy, flowing from the Alps to the Adriatic Sea at a point between Trieste and Venice. The Tagliamento river is considered as the last morphologically intact river in the Alps. (Its c ...

discharging into the

Adriatic Sea The Adriatic Sea () is a body of water separating the Italian Peninsula from the Balkan Peninsula. The Adriatic is the northernmost arm of the Mediterranean Sea, extending from the Strait of Otranto (where it connects to the Ionian Sea) to th ...

. Tarvisio together with the rest of the Canal Valley was part of Austria until 1919. Tarvisio has access to the ''A23 Alpe-Adria'' autostrada, part of the

European route E55 European route E55 is an E-route. It passes through the following cities: Helsingborg … Helsingør – Copenhagen – Køge – Vordingborg – Nykøbing Falster – Gedser … Rostock – Berlin – Lübbenau – Dresden – Teplice � ...

, running from the Austrian '' A2 Süd Autobahn'' to

Udine Udine ( , ; fur, Udin; la, Utinum) is a city and ''comune'' in north-eastern Italy, in the middle of the Friuli Venezia Giulia region, between the Adriatic Sea and the Alps (''Alpi Carniche''). Its population was 100,514 in 2012, 176,000 with t ...

, and the A4 autostrada at

Palmanova Palmanova ( fur, Palme) is a town and comune in northeast Italy. The town is an example of a star fort of the late Renaissance, built up by the Venetian Republic in 1593. The fortifications were included in UNESCO's World Heritage Site li ...

. The Tarvisio railway station is located at the new ''Pontebbana'' line from

Villach Villach (; sl, Beljak; it, Villaco; fur, Vilac) is the seventh-largest city in Austria and the second-largest in the federal state of Carinthia. It is an important traffic junction for southern Austria and the whole Alpe-Adria region. , the p ...

to Udine opened in 2000, that replaced the tracks of the former Austro-Hungarian k.k. ''Staatsbahn'' built in 1879.

Climate

Despite the modest elevation, the city has a continental climate with cold winters (lowest recorded temperature is in January 1985). Summers can be very hot (highest recorded temperature of in July 1983).

Languages

As a former component of the Austrian Empire, until 1918, the town, as was the rest of the Canal Valley, was overwhelmingly

- and

Slovenian Slovene or Slovenian may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to Slovenia, a country in Central Europe * Slovene language, a South Slavic language mainly spoken in Slovenia * Slovenes, an ethno-linguistic group mainly living in Slovenia * Sl ...

-speaking. Today the municipality speaks mostly Italian; German-speakers and Slovenes make up a substantial minority. In 2012, the mayor put up multilingual signs in four languages, Italian, German, Slovene, and the regional minority language of Friulian, saying "the inhabitants deserve to use their mother tongues freely."

Parishes

The comune of Tarvisio includes the following ''

frazioni A ''frazione'' (plural: ) is a type of subdivision of a ''comune'' (municipality) in Italy, often a small village or hamlet outside the main town. Most ''frazioni'' were created during the Fascist era (1922–1943) as a way to consolidate territ ...

'' (fractional parishes): :Names in: Italian (''German'', ''Slovene'', ''Friulian''): * Camporosso (''Saifnitz'', ''Žabnice'', ''Cjamparos'') * Cave del Predil (''Raibl'', ''Rabelj'', ''Rabil''/''Predil'') * Coccau (''Goggau'', ''Kokova'', ''Cocau'') * Fusine in Valromana (''Weißenfels''/''Weissenfels'', ''Fužine''/''Bela Peč'', ''Fusinis'') * Monte Lussari (''Luschariberg'', ''Sv.Višárje'', ''Mont Sante di Lussàri'') * Muda (''Mauth'', ''Múta'', ''Mude'') * Plezzut (''Flitschl'', ''Flíčl'', ''Pleçùt'') * Poscolle (''Hinterschloss'', ''Zágradec'', ''Puscuèl'') * Rutte (''Greuth'', ''Trbiške rute'', ''Rute'') * Sant'Antonio (''Sankt Anton'', ''Sant Antòni'') * Riofreddo (''Kaltwasser'', ''Mrzla Voda'') Riofreddo Tarvisio Italy

History

As a place upon ancient trade routes across the Alps to

Venice Venice ( ; it, Venezia ; vec, Venesia or ) is a city in northeastern Italy and the capital of the Veneto Regions of Italy, region. It is built on a group of 118 small islands that are separated by canals and linked by over 400 ...

, Tarvisio's roots date back to

Roman Roman or Romans most often refers to: * Rome, the capital city of Italy * Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD *Roman people, the people of ancient Rome *''Epistle to the Romans'', shortened to ''Romans'', a lett ...

times. In 1007 Emperor Henry II vested the newly created Diocese of Bamberg with the

Carinthian Carinthia (german: Kärnten ; sl, Koroška ) is the southernmost Austrian state, in the Eastern Alps, and is noted for its mountains and lakes. The main language is German. Its regional dialects belong to the Southern Bavarian group. Carint ...

Canal Valley down to Pontebba, a region which had considerable importance because of nearby ore mines and

ironworks An ironworks or iron works is an industrial plant where iron is smelted and where heavy iron and steel products are made. The term is both singular and plural, i.e. the singular of ''ironworks'' is ''ironworks''. Ironworks succeeded bloomer ...

, especially around the village of Fusine in Valromana (''Weißenfels''/''Bela Peč''/''Fusinis''). Tarvisio remained a southern exclave of the Prince-Bishopric of Bamberg, until in 1758 the bishop finally sold Tarvisio to the

Habsburg The House of Habsburg (), alternatively spelled Hapsburg in Englishgerman: Haus Habsburg, ; es, Casa de Habsburgo; hu, Habsburg család, it, Casa di Asburgo, nl, Huis van Habsburg, pl, dom Habsburgów, pt, Casa de Habsburgo, la, Domus Hab ...

Empress Maria Theresa of Austria. Until 1918 it was part of the

Duchy of Carinthia The Duchy of Carinthia (german: Herzogtum Kärnten; sl, Vojvodina Koroška) was a duchy located in southern Austria and parts of northern Slovenia. It was separated from the Duchy of Bavaria in 976, and was the first newly created Imperial Sta ...

, it received

town privileges Town privileges or borough rights were important features of European towns during most of the second millennium. The city law customary in Central Europe probably dates back to Italian models, which in turn were oriented towards the traditio ...

in 1909.

Main sights

Tarvisio features include the parish church Saints Peter and Paul, built in the 15th century, as well as sceneries like the ''Fusine laghi'' mountain lakes. At the summit of the Mount Lussari ( it, Monte Lussari, german: Luschariberg, sl, Svete Višarje) is a

pilgrimage A pilgrimage is a journey, often into an unknown or foreign place, where a person goes in search of new or expanded meaning about their self, others, nature, or a higher good, through the experience. It can lead to a personal transformation, aft ...

church, where according to legend in 1360 a shepherd discovered a statue of

Virgin Mary Mary; arc, ܡܪܝܡ, translit=Mariam; ar, مريم, translit=Maryam; grc, Μαρία, translit=María; la, Maria; cop, Ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲁ, translit=Maria was a first-century Jewish woman of Nazareth, the wife of Joseph and the mother of ...

. The church and the nearby ski centre can be reached by cable car from Malborghetto Valbruna (german: Malborgeth-Wolfsbach, sl, Naborjet-Ovčja ves). The area around the

Sella Nevea Sella Nevea ( fur, Nevee, german: Neveasattel, sl, Na Žlebeh), at an altitude of , is a high mountain pass in the Julian Alps, in the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region of northeast Italy. Sella Nevea also lends its name to a ''frazione'' of the Ch ...

mountain pass between Tarvisio and

Chiusaforte Chiusaforte ( sl, Kluže, german: Klausen, fur, Sclûse) is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Province of Udine in the Italian region Friuli-Venezia Giulia. Geography It is located about northwest of Trieste and about north of Udine, on the ...

is also a popular ski resort.

Economy

For decades, Tarvisio benefited economically from people coming from Austria and

Yugoslavia Yugoslavia (; sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Jugoslavija, Југославија ; sl, Jugoslavija ; mk, Југославија ;; rup, Iugoslavia; hu, Jugoszlávia; rue, label= Pannonian Rusyn, Югославия, translit=Juhoslavij ...

for shopping trips. However, trade at the notorious "Rag Market" diminished after the implementation of Schengen Agreement and the establishment of the

Eurozone The euro area, commonly called eurozone (EZ), is a currency union of 19 member states of the European Union (EU) that have adopted the euro (€) as their primary currency and sole legal tender, and have thus fully implemented EMU pol ...

. Today,

tourism Tourism is travel for pleasure or business; also the theory and practice of touring (disambiguation), touring, the business of attracting, accommodating, and entertaining tourists, and the business of operating tour (disambiguation), tours. Th ...

and

winter sports Winter sports or winter activities are competitive sports or non-competitive recreational activities which are played on snow or ice. Most are variations of skiing, ice skating and sledding. Traditionally, such games were only played in cold a ...

in the Karawanks, the

, and the

have become important industries. Tarvisio is known for its heavy alpine snow, which attracts many tourists for skiing and snowboarding, especially school groups. It was host to the 2003 Winter Universiade and the Women's 2007 Alpine Skiing World Cup.

Transport

* Tarvisio Boscoverde railway station

People

People who were born or lived in Tarvisio include: * Lambert Ehrlich (1878–1942), Slovene Roman Catholic priest, political figure, and ethnologist * Nives Meroi, Italian mountaineer who summit all fourteen eight thousand meter peaks in the world

References

{{authority control Cities and towns in Friuli-Venezia Giulia Carnic Alps Ski areas and resorts in Italy