Týnec nad Labem () is a town in

Kolín District Kolín District () is a Okres, district in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. Its capital is the town of Kolín. Administrative division Kolín District is divided into two Districts of the Czech Republic#Municipalities with extend ...

in the

Central Bohemian Region The Central Bohemian Region ( ; ) is an administrative unit () of the Czech Republic, located in the central part of its historical region of Bohemia. Its administrative centre is in the Czech capital Prague, which lies in the centre of the regio ...

of the

Czech Republic The Czech Republic, also known as Czechia, and historically known as Bohemia, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country is bordered by Austria to the south, Germany to the west, Poland to the northeast, and Slovakia to the south ...

. It has about 2,200 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.

Administrative division

Týnec nad Labem consists of three municipal parts (in brackets population according to the 2021 census): *Týnec nad Labem (1,680) *Lžovice (185) *Vinařice (225)

Geography

Týnec nad Labem is located about east of

Kolín Kolín (; ) is a town in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 33,000 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an Cultural monument (Czech Republic)#Monument reservations, urban monume ...

and east of

Prague Prague ( ; ) is the capital and List of cities and towns in the Czech Republic, largest city of the Czech Republic and the historical capital of Bohemia. Prague, located on the Vltava River, has a population of about 1.4 million, while its P ...

. It lies in the northwestern tip of the

Iron Mountains The Iron Mountains are a subrange of the Blue Ridge Mountains. These mountains are located around the common meeting point of Tennessee, Virginia, and North Carolina. A portion of the Appalachian Trail runs the crest of the Iron Mountains ab ...

, which passes into the lowlands of the

Central Elbe Table The Central Elbe Table () is a plateau and a geomorphological mesoregion of the Czech Republic. It is located mostly in the Central Bohemian Region, but due to its size, it also extends to other regions. The axis of the plateau is the Elbe River, ...

and East Elbe Table. The

Elbe The Elbe ( ; ; or ''Elv''; Upper Sorbian, Upper and , ) is one of the major rivers of Central Europe. It rises in the Giant Mountains of the northern Czech Republic before traversing much of Bohemia (western half of the Czech Republic), then Ge ...

River flows through the town.

History

The first written mention of Týnec nad Labem is from 1110, when there was a meeting of dukes of the

Přemyslid dynasty The Přemyslid dynasty or House of Přemysl (, , ) was a Bohemian royal dynasty that reigned in the Duchy of Bohemia and later Kingdom of Bohemia and Margraviate of Moravia (9th century–1306), as well as in parts of Poland (including Silesia ...

, described in the '' Chronica Boemorum''. After it changed owners several times, it was acquired by the Cistercian Sedlec Abbey. The monks founded here a monastery, inn and mill. After the

Hussite Wars The Hussite Wars, also called the Bohemian Wars or the Hussite Revolution, were a series of civil wars fought between the Hussites and the combined Catholic forces of Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor, Holy Roman Emperor Sigismund, the Papacy, a ...

in 1463, Týnec was acquired by Vaněk of Miletínek, who had a fortress built here. The next significant owner was Vilém II of Pernštejn. During his rule, Týnec was first referred to as a

market town A market town is a settlement most common in Europe that obtained by custom or royal charter, in the Middle Ages, a market right, which allowed it to host a regular market; this distinguished it from a village or city. In Britain, small rura ...

. In 1560, it was bought by Maximilian II. In 1600, Týnec was promoted to a royal chamber town by Emperor

Rudolf II Rudolf II (18 July 1552 – 20 January 1612) was Holy Roman Emperor (1576–1612), King of Hungary and Croatia (as Rudolf I, 1572–1608), King of Bohemia (1575–1608/1611) and Archduke of Austria (1576–1608). He was a member of the H ...

. The town was valued as an important crossing point across the Elbe. At the end of the 18th century and in the 19th century, the town became an economic and cultural centre. There were mills, a wool spinning factory, and the only

patent leather Patent leather is a type of coated leather that has a high-gloss finish. In general, patent leather is fine grain leather that is treated to give it a glossy appearance. Characterized by a glass-like finish that catches the light, patent leath ...

factory in

Austria-Hungary Austria-Hungary, also referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the Dual Monarchy or the Habsburg Monarchy, was a multi-national constitutional monarchy in Central Europe#Before World War I, Central Europe between 1867 and 1918. A military ...

. In 1864, an engineering factory was established. Týnec nad Labem was also the centre of the pearl industry.

Demographics

Transport

Týnec nad Labem is located on the railway line Kolín–

Česká Třebová Česká Třebová (; ) is a town in Ústí nad Orlicí District in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 15,000 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an Cultural monument (Czech Republic)#Mon ...

Sights

The main landmark of the town is the Church of the Beheading of Saint John the Baptist. It was founded around 1306. It was damaged by several fires and then was rebuilt in the Baroque style. The second church in the town is the Church of the Blessed Virgin Mary of the Seven Sorrows. It is a cemetery church dating from 1786. Other sights include a fortress from the 15th century and Marian column on the town square with a statue of the Virgin Mary from 1786.

Notable people

Michael von Melas Michael Friedrich Benedikt Baron von Melas (12 May 1729 – 31 May 1806) was a Transylvanian-born field marshal of Greek descent for the Austrian Empire during the Napoleonic Wars. He was born in Radeln, Transylvania, Ottoman Empire (nowadays R ...

(1729–1806), field marshal * Vilém Heš (1860–1908), operatic bass

References

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Tynec Nad Labem Cities and towns in the Czech Republic Populated places in Kolín District