The Travuniidae are a small family of

harvestman The Opiliones (formerly Phalangida) are an order of arachnids, colloquially known as harvestmen, harvesters, harvest spiders, or daddy longlegs (see below). , over 6,650 species of harvestmen have been discovered worldwide, although the total n ...

with little more than ten described species, within the suborder

Laniatores Laniatores is the largest suborder of the arachnid order Opiliones with over 4,200 described species worldwide. The majority of the species are highly dependent on humid environments and usually correlated with tropical and temperate forest habit ...

Description

Travuniidae are at the most three millimeters long, with slender, unarmed legs and robust, strongly spined

pedipalp Pedipalps (commonly shortened to palps or palpi) are the secondary pair of forward appendages among Chelicerata, chelicerates – a group of arthropods including spiders, scorpions, horseshoe crabs, and sea spiders. The pedipalps are lateral to ...

s. (2007): Travuniidae Absolon & Kratochvíl, 1932. In: Pinto-da-Rocha ''et al.'' 2007: 237ff

Distribution

Travuniidae have been found in

Europe Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, and Asia to the east ...

, Japan and the United States. Although some were described from

Slovenia Slovenia, officially the Republic of Slovenia, is a country in Central Europe. It borders Italy to the west, Austria to the north, Hungary to the northeast, Croatia to the south and southeast, and a short (46.6 km) coastline within the Adriati ...

, these records proved to be erroneous.

Relationships

Travuniidae are most closely related to Cladonychiidae; it is even possible that Travuniidae is

paraphyletic Paraphyly is a taxonomic term describing a grouping that consists of the grouping's last common ancestor and some but not all of its descendant lineages. The grouping is said to be paraphyletic ''with respect to'' the excluded subgroups. In co ...

in respect to this family.

Name

The name of the type genus is derived from the

Latin Latin ( or ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic languages, Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally spoken by the Latins (Italic tribe), Latins in Latium (now known as Lazio), the lower Tiber area aroun ...

name of

Trebinje Trebinje ( sr-Cyrl, Требиње, ) is a city and municipality in Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is the southernmost city in Bosnia and Herzegovina and is situated on the banks of the Trebišnjica river in the region of East Her ...

Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina, sometimes known as Bosnia-Herzegovina and informally as Bosnia, is a country in Southeast Europe. Situated on the Balkans, Balkan Peninsula, it borders Serbia to the east, Montenegro to the southeast, and Croatia to th ...

Species

Peltonychiinae

* '' Peltonychia'' Roewer, 1935 :* '' Peltonychia leprieurii'' (Lucas, 1860) — Buco Dell'Orso (cave, northern Italy) :* '' Peltonychia posteumicola'' (Roewer, 1935) :* '' Peltonychia gabria'' Roewer, 1935 :* '' Peltonychia tenuis'' Roewer, 1935

Travuniinae

* '' Abasola'' Strand, 1928 :* '' Abasola troglodytes'' (Roewer, 1915) —

Dalmatia Dalmatia (; ; ) is a historical region located in modern-day Croatia and Montenegro, on the eastern shore of the Adriatic Sea. Through time it formed part of several historical states, most notably the Roman Empire, the Kingdom of Croatia (925 ...

:* '' Abasola sarea'' Roewer, 1935 —

Pyrenees The Pyrenees are a mountain range straddling the border of France and Spain. They extend nearly from their union with the Cantabrian Mountains to Cap de Creus on the Mediterranean coast, reaching a maximum elevation of at the peak of Aneto. ...

:* '' Abasola hofferi'' Silhavy, 1937 — Yugoslavia * ''

Arbasus ''Arbasus'' is a monotypic taxon, monotypic genus of armoured harvestmen in the family Buemarinoidae with one described species (as of 2023) ''Arbasus caecus''. It is found in the Pyrenees of southern France. The genus was originally placed in t ...

'' Roewer, 1935 :* '' Arbasus caecus'' (Simon, 1911) — southern France * '' Dinaria'' Hadzi, 1932 — palearctic * '' Kratochvíliola'' Roewer, 1935 — palearctic :* '' Kratochvíliola navarica'' Roewer, 1935 * '' Speleonychia'' Briggs, 1974 :* '' Speleonychia sengeri'' Briggs, 1974 —

Washington Washington most commonly refers to: * George Washington (1732–1799), the first president of the United States * Washington (state), a state in the Pacific Northwest of the United States * Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States ** A ...

* ''

Travunia Travunia ( sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Travunija, Травунија; ; ; ) was a South Slavic medieval principality that was part of Medieval Serbia (850–1371), and later the Medieval Bosnia (1373–1482). The principality became hereditar ...

'' Absolon & Kratochvíl, 1932 :* ''

Travunia jandai Travunia ( sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Travunija, Травунија; ; ; ) was a South Slavic medieval principality that was part of Medieval Serbia (850–1371), and later the Medieval Bosnia (1373–1482). The principality became hereditar ...

'' Kratochvíl, 1938 —

Yugoslavia , common_name = Yugoslavia , life_span = 1918–19921941–1945: World War II in Yugoslavia#Axis invasion and dismemberment of Yugoslavia, Axis occupation , p1 = Kingdom of SerbiaSerbia , flag_p ...

incertae sedis

* ''

Yuria YURIA (born October 10, 1967) is a musician and voice actress from Osaka Prefecture, Japan. She was the lead vocalist and guitarist for Honey Bee, currently she is the lead vocalist and bassist for the Japanese punk rock band Pinky Doodle Poo ...

'' Suzuki, 1964 — Japan :* '' Yuria pulcra'' Suzuki, 1964 ::* ''Yuria pulcra pulcra'' Suzuki, 1964 ::* ''Yuria pulcra briggsi'' Suzuki, 1975 * '' Buemarinoa'' Roewer, 1956 :* '' Buemarinoa patrizii'' Roewer, 1956 —

Sardinia Sardinia ( ; ; ) is the Mediterranean islands#By area, second-largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, after Sicily, and one of the Regions of Italy, twenty regions of Italy. It is located west of the Italian Peninsula, north of Tunisia an ...

Footnotes

References

* 's Biology Catalog
Travuniidae
* (eds.) (2007): Harvestmen - The Biology of Opiliones. ''Harvard University Press'' {{Taxonbar, from=Q144140 Harvestmen Harvestman families