The Train 2T, 4T and 6T were low power piston engines for
light aircraft
A light aircraft is an aircraft that has a Maximum Takeoff Weight, maximum gross takeoff weight of or less.Crane, Dale: ''Dictionary of Aeronautical Terms, third edition'', page 308. Aviation Supplies & Academics, 1997.
Light aircraft are use ...
, produced in
France
France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe. Overseas France, Its overseas regions and territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the Atlantic Ocean#North Atlan ...
. They were inverted, air-cooled in-line engines with the same bore and stroke, differing chiefly in the number of cylinders.
Design and development
In the 1930s Train introduced a series of
air-cooled,
inverted in-line piston engines for light aircraft. The T series all used the same
cylinders,
piston
A piston is a component of reciprocating engines, reciprocating pumps, gas compressors, hydraulic cylinders and pneumatic cylinders, among other similar mechanisms. It is the moving component that is contained by a cylinder (engine), cylinder a ...
s,
connecting rod
A connecting rod, also called a 'con rod', is the part of a reciprocating engine, piston engine which connects the piston to the crankshaft. Together with the crank (mechanism), crank, the connecting rod converts the reciprocating motion of the p ...
s,
valve trains and
ignition system
Ignition systems are used by heat engines to initiate combustion by igniting the fuel-air mixture. In a spark ignition versions of the internal combustion engine (such as petrol engines), the ignition system creates a spark to ignite the fuel-ai ...
, combined into 2 (2T), 4 (4T), and 6 (6T) cylinder units of the same layout. The number of crankshaft bearings (3, 5 or 7) and throws (2, 4 or 6) naturally depended on the number of cylinders, as did the number of cams (4, 8 or 12) on the
underhead camshaft. Each cylinder had a
swept volume of , so the displacements were , and and the rated outputs , and respectively. The Train 6D was a variant of the 6T with increased bore of .
[
]
Operational history
Several International 2-litre Class records were set in 1937 by aircraft powered by the Train 4T. On 7 June 1937 M. Duverene averaged over and over in a single engine Kellner-Béchereau E.1. On 27 December 1937 Mme Lafargue reached an altitude of in a Touya, setting both a class and a women's record.[
It also powered aircraft on some notable cross-country flights; on 30 December 1937 M. Lenee flew a Kellner-Béchereau E.1 from Elde to ]Biarritz
Biarritz ( , , , ; also spelled ; ) is a city on the Bay of Biscay, on the Atlantic coast in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the French Basque Country in southwestern France. It is located from the border with Spain. It is a luxu ...
, a distance of ; the same day M. Blazy flew a two-seat SFAN 5 aircraft from Guyancourt
Guyancourt () is a Communes of France, commune in the Yvelines Departments of France, department in the Île-de-France Regions of France, region in north-central France. It is located in the south-western suburbs of Paris, from the Kilometre Zero ...
to Champniers, Charente, covering .[
Six Train 4Ts were used in the 2 seat, span Potez-CAMS 160 flying boat, a 1:2.6 scale model of the large Potez-CAMS 161 aircraft.][
]
Variants
From ''Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1938''[ unless noted
;Train 2T
:2-cylinders, , ,
;Train 4T
:4-cylinders, , ,
::Train 4A - variant of the 4T][
::Train 4E - variant of the 4T][
;Train 6T
:6-cylinders, , ,
;Train 6C-01
: Powered the Tokyo Imperial University LB-2
;Train 6D
:6-cylinders, , ,
]
Applications
From ''Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1938''[ and www.AviaFrance
]
4-cylinder models
* Brochet MB.50 (4T)
* Carmier T.10 (4A)
* Caudron C.344 (4T)
* Chilton D.W.1A (4T)
* Druine Aigle 777 (4T)
* Duverne-Saran (4T)
* Hennion 01 (4A 01)
* Kellner-Béchereau E.1 (4T)
* Mauboussin Hémiptère (4T)
* Morane-Saulnier MS-660 (4E-01)
* Nicolas-Claude NC-2 Aquilon (4E-01?)
* Payen AP-10 (4T)
* Potez-CAMS 160 (4T or 4A-01)
* Régnier 12 (4T)
* Touya aircraft (4T)
* Trébucien Sport (4T)
6-cylinder models
* Aubert PA-20 Cigale (6T)
* Duverne-Saran 01 (6T)
* Kellner-Béchereau EC.4 (6T)
* Kellner-Béchereau ED.5 (6T)
* S.E.C.A.T. S.4 Mouette
* SECAT VI La Mouette (6T)
* SFAN 5 (6T)[
* Volland V-10 (6T)
]
Specifications (4T)
See also
References
{{Reflist, refs=
[{{cite book , title= Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1938, last= Grey , first= C.G. , year=1972, publisher= David & Charles, location= London, isbn=0-7153-5734-4, page=56d]
[{{cite book , title=Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1938, last= Grey , first= C.G. , year=1972, page=111c]
[{{cite journal , date=24 August 1936, title=Un nouveaux moteur: le Train 4E-01 de 50/55CV, journal=Les Ailes, issue=946, pages=7, url=http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6555914g/f15]
[{{cite journal , date=3 November 1938, title=Que reste-t-il des Avions du 1936?, journal=Les Ailes, issue=910, pages=15, url=http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6554706x/f7]
1930s aircraft piston engines