Teymur bey Makinsky () was an Azerbaijani nobleman who served as

Minister of Justice A justice ministry, ministry of justice, or department of justice, is a ministry or other government agency in charge of the administration of justice. The ministry or department is often headed by a minister of justice (minister for justice in a ...

of the

Azerbaijan Democratic Republic The Azerbaijan Democratic Republic (), also known as the Azerbaijan People's Republic (; ), was the first secular democracy, democratic republic in the Turkic peoples, Turkic and Muslim worlds. *Tadeusz Swietochowski. ''Russia and Azerbaijan: ...

between 1918 and 1919.

Background and early life

He was born on 18 April 1874 in Malaklu,

Surmalu uezd The Surmalu ''uezd'' was a county (''uezd'') of the Erivan Governorate of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire. It bordered the governorate's Etchmiadzin and Erivan uezds to the north, the Kars Oblast to the west, Persia to the east ...

of the

Erivan Governorate The Erivan Governorate was a province ('' guberniya'') of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire, with its centеr in Erivan (present-day Yerevan). Its area was 27,830 sq. kilometеrs, roughly corresponding to what is now most of central ...

(modern

Melekli, Iğdır Melekli (, previously in Armenian language, Armenian: հրեշտակային, Romanization of Armenian, romanized: ''Hreshtakayin'', , Russian language, Russian: ангельский, Romanization of Russian, romanized: ''Angel'skiy'') is a town ( ...

) to Muhammadquli bey who was from Makinsky family —a family that originally hailed from

Bayat tribe Bayat (; ; ; ) is one of the Oghuz tribes in Turkmenistan, Iran, Turkey, Azerbaijan, Iraq, Afghanistan, and Syria.: ''Bayāt was one of the twenty-two Oghuz tribes listed in Maḥmūd Kāšḡarī's'' When Oghuz Turks started to migrate from the ...

of Maku. His grandfather Mehdiquli bey () was a militia

praporschik (, , ) is a rank used by the Russian Armed Forces and a number of former communist states. The rank is a non-commissioned officer's and is equivalent to in the corresponding navies. It is usually equivalent to warrant officer class 1 or serge ...

serving in Erivan Governorate. While his great-grandfather was Hasan khan who ruled

Maku Khanate The Khanate of Maku () was an 18th–20th century khanate based in Maku, Iran, Maku, ruled by a family of Bayat (tribe), Bayat origin. History It came into existence after the death of Nader Shah in 1747. Ahmad Khan Bayat, according to oral tra ...

between 1778–1822. He had two younger brothers— Zulfuqar bey Makinsky who served as a parliamentarian in the national assembly of the

First Republic of Armenia The First Republic of Armenia, officially known at the time of its existence as the Republic of Armenia, was an independent History of Armenia, Armenian state that existed from May (28th ''de jure'', 30th ''de facto'') 1918 to 2 December 1920 in ...

, and Aga bey Makinski who also tried to run in the Armenian election, though unsuccessfully.

Education and career under Russian Empire

He graduated from the Erivan Male Gymnasium with a silver medal on , after which he entered the law faculty of the

Imperial Moscow University Imperial Moscow University () was one of the oldest universities of the Russian Empire, established in 1755. It was the first of the twelve imperial universities of the Russian Empire. Its legacy is continued as Lomonosov Moscow State Universit ...

. In 1896, he transferred to the Faculty of Law of the Imperial Warsaw University, from which he graduated with a diploma of the 1st degree and on , appointed as a junior candidate for a judicial position at the Erivan District Court. In 1899 he was promoted to the rank of collegiate secretary (a civil rank corresponding to the rank of

lieutenant A lieutenant ( , ; abbreviated Lt., Lt, LT, Lieut and similar) is a Junior officer, junior commissioned officer rank in the armed forces of many nations, as well as fire services, emergency medical services, Security agency, security services ...

in the army). A year later he became titular adviser (corresponding to

captain Captain is a title, an appellative for the commanding officer of a military unit; the supreme leader or highest rank officer of a navy ship, merchant ship, aeroplane, spacecraft, or other vessel; or the commander of a port, fire or police depa ...

). In 1901, after serving different

uyezds An uezd (also spelled uyezd or uiezd; rus, уе́зд ( pre-1918: уѣздъ), p=ʊˈjest), or povit in a Ukrainian context () was a type of administrative subdivision of the Grand Duchy of Moscow, the Tsardom of Russia, the Russian Empire, the R ...

of Erivan Governorate for 4 years, he was assigned to the Ministry and sent serve as judicial investigator of the 1st section of the

Blagodarnensky district Blagodarnensky District () is an administrative district (raion), one of the twenty-six in Stavropol Krai, Russia.Resolution #63-p Municipally, it is incorporated as Blagodarnensky Municipal District.Law #89-kz It is located in the center of the ...

of the

Stavropol Stavropol (, ), known as Voroshilovsk from 1935 until 1943, is a city and the administrative centre of Stavropol Krai, in southern Russia. As of the 2021 Census, its population was 547,820, making it one of Russia's fastest growing cities. E ...

district court. In 1903, Makinsky was promoted to the rank of

collegiate assessor The Table of Ranks () was a formal list of positions and ranks in the military, government, and court of Imperial Russia. Peter the Great introduced the system in 1722 while engaged in a struggle with the existing hereditary nobility, or boyar ...

. 3 years later he was reassigned as assistant prosecutor of the

Yekaterinodar Krasnodar, formerly Yekaterinodar (until 1920), is the largest city and the administrative centre of Krasnodar Krai, Russia. The city stands on the Kuban River in southern Russia, with a population of 1,154,885 residents, and up to 1.263 millio ...

District Court and in 1909 became

court councillor The Russian court councillor () was a civilian rank of the 7th class in the Table of Ranks. Table of Ranks The Table of Ranks was a system of ranks that tied a person's social standing to service in the military, in civil service, or at the imp ...

. He was again promoted to collegiate councillor in 1912. He became a member of the Yekaterinodar District Court in 1916 but was transferred to

Tbilisi Tbilisi ( ; ka, თბილისი, ), in some languages still known by its pre-1936 name Tiflis ( ), ( ka, ტფილისი, tr ) is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Georgia (country), largest city of Georgia ( ...

Court Chamber in 1917 as member.

Career under Azerbaijan Democratic Republic

After moving to Tiflis, just in 6 months he became a member of the Muslim faction of the

Transcaucasian Seim The Transcaucasian Seim was a representative and legislative body of state power in the South Caucasus, Transcaucasus, convened by the Transcaucasian Commissariat in Tbilisi, Tiflis on 23 February 1918. Its members consisted of Russian Constituen ...

, and after its self-dissolution, he became a member of the National Council of Azerbaijan. According to the law of the National Council of November 19, 1918 "On the formation of the Azerbaijani Parliament", he was included in the

Parliament of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic Parliament of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic () was the legislative branch of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic. It was the parliament of the first parliamentary republic in the Caucasus Region of Central Asia. It parliament was established ...

without elections. On December 26, 1918 he was elected to the Parliamentary Commission for elections to the Constituent Assembly. From June to October 1918 worked as Deputy Minister of Justice in the Second Cabinet, and from October 20 to the end of December he was the diplomatic representative of Azerbaijan to Armenia. He was elected chairman of the board of the Muslim community of the Erivan province, which was established in January 1919 in

Baku Baku (, ; ) is the Capital city, capital and List of cities in Azerbaijan, largest city of Azerbaijan, as well as the largest city on the Caspian Sea and in the Caucasus region. Baku is below sea level, which makes it the List of capital ci ...

. From December 26, 1918 to March 14, 1919 he served as Minister of Justice in the Third Cabinet. On July 7, 1919, he was transferred to the post of chairman of the Azerbaijan Military Court. And in March 1920, he was again appointed to the post of diplomatic representative of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic to the Armenian government. After the fall of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic on May 15, 1920, the activities of the diplomatic mission in

Yerevan Yerevan ( , , ; ; sometimes spelled Erevan) is the capital and largest city of Armenia, as well as one of the world's List of oldest continuously inhabited cities, oldest continuously inhabited cities. Situated along the Hrazdan River, Yerev ...

were terminated by the Armenian government. The Prosecutor's Office of Armenia opened a criminal case against Makinsky because he, being the head of the diplomatic mission, provided material assistance to Azerbaijani rebels in Zangibasar. However, with the assistance of the permanent representation of Georgia in Armenia, he was able to secretly leave Yerevan and arrived in

Tiflis Tbilisi ( ; ka, თბილისი, ), in some languages still known by its pre-1936 name Tiflis ( ), ( ka, ტფილისი, tr ) is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Georgia (country), largest city of Georgia ( ...

on May 28. There is no reliable information about the further fate of Teymur bey Makinsky.

Awards

* Order of St. Anna 3rd class () * Bronze medal in memory of

Romanov Tercentenary The Romanov Tercentenary () was a country-wide celebration, marked in the Russian Empire from February 1913, in celebration of the ruling House of Romanov The House of Romanov (also transliterated as Romanoff; , ) was the reigning dynasty ...

() * Order of St. Stanislav 2nd class. ({{Old Style Date, 3 December, 1914, 20 November)

References

1874 births People from Erivan Governorate Jurists from the Russian Empire Justice ministers of Azerbaijan Azerbaijan Democratic Republic politicians Ambassadors of Azerbaijan to Armenia University of Warsaw alumni Azerbaijani nobility Members of the National Assembly of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic Azerbaijani people of Iranian descent Year of death unknown