In
chemistry
Chemistry is the scientific study of the properties and behavior of matter. It is a physical science within the natural sciences that studies the chemical elements that make up matter and chemical compound, compounds made of atoms, molecules a ...
, tetrahydroxozincate or tetrahydroxidozincate
[ is a ]divalent
In chemistry, the valence (US spelling) or valency (British spelling) of an atom is a measure of its combining capacity with other atoms when it forms chemical compounds or molecules. Valence is generally understood to be the number of chemica ...
anion
An ion () is an atom or molecule with a net electrical charge. The charge of an electron is considered to be negative by convention and this charge is equal and opposite to the charge of a proton, which is considered to be positive by conven ...
(negative ion
An ion () is an atom or molecule with a net electrical charge. The charge of an electron is considered to be negative by convention and this charge is equal and opposite to the charge of a proton, which is considered to be positive by convent ...
) with formula , with a central zinc
Zinc is a chemical element; it has symbol Zn and atomic number 30. It is a slightly brittle metal at room temperature and has a shiny-greyish appearance when oxidation is removed. It is the first element in group 12 (IIB) of the periodic tabl ...
atom in the +2 or (II) valence state coordinated to four hydroxide
Hydroxide is a diatomic anion with chemical formula OH−. It consists of an oxygen and hydrogen atom held together by a single covalent bond, and carries a negative electric charge. It is an important but usually minor constituent of water. It ...
groups. It has Sp3 hybridization. It is the most common of the zincate
In chemistry the term zincate may refer to several substances containing the element zinc:
* usually the anion Zn(OH)42−, more properly called tetrahydroxozincate or salt (chemistry), salts thereof, such as sodium zincate .
* the polymeric anion ...
anions, and is often called just zincate.
These names are also used for the salts containing that anion, such as sodium zincate
Sodium zincate refers to anionic zinc oxides or hydroxides, depending on conditions. In the applications of these materials, the exact formula is not necessarily important and it is likely that aqueous zincate solutions consist of mixtures.
Hydro ...
Na2Zn(OH)4 [ and calcium zincate CaZn(OH)4·2H2O ][
Zincate salts can be obtained by reaction of ]zinc oxide
Zinc oxide is an inorganic compound with the Chemical formula, formula . It is a white powder which is insoluble in water. ZnO is used as an additive in numerous materials and products including cosmetics, Zinc metabolism, food supplements, rubbe ...
(ZnO) or zinc hydroxide
Zinc hydroxide Zn( OH)2 is an inorganic chemical compound. It also occurs naturally as 3 rare minerals: wülfingite (orthorhombic), ashoverite and sweetite (both tetragonal).
Like the hydroxides of other metals, such as lead, aluminium, beryl ...
() and a strong base like sodium hydroxide
Sodium hydroxide, also known as lye and caustic soda, is an inorganic compound with the formula . It is a white solid ionic compound consisting of sodium cations and hydroxide anions .
Sodium hydroxide is a highly corrosive base (chemistry), ...
.
It is now generally accepted that the resulting solutions contain the tetrahydroxozincate ion.[ Earlier ]Raman studies
Raman spectroscopy () (named after physicist C. V. Raman) is a spectroscopic technique typically used to determine vibrational modes of molecules, although rotational and other low-frequency modes of systems may also be observed. Raman spectros ...
had been interpreted as indicating the existence of linear ions.[
]
Related anions and salts
The name "zincate" may also refer to a polymeric anion with formula approaching []''n'', which forms salts such as ·,[ or to mixed oxides of zinc and less electronegativity, electronegative elements, such as .][
]
See also
* tetrachlorozincate
Tetrachlorozincate is an anion with the formula . It is a counterion that is often used in conjunction with strong electrophiles. Being dianionic, tetrachlorozincate is not classified as a weakly coordinating anion. On the other hand, being dianion ...
or tetrachloridozincate,
* tetranitratozincate,
References
[{{cite journal , doi = 10.1021/j100031a026 , title = EXAFS Investigations of Zn(II) in Concentrated Aqueous Hydroxide Solutions , year = 1995 , author1=Kaumudi I. Pandya , author2=Andrea E. Russell , author3=J. Mc Breen , author4=W. E. O' Grady , journal = The Journal of Physical Chemistry , volume = 99 , pages = 11967 , issue = 31]
IUPAC nomenclature of inorganic chemistry 2005
Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry, IUPAC Recommendations 2005 is the 2005 version of ''Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry'' (which is informally called the Red Book). It is a collection of rules for naming inorganic compounds, as recommended by ...