flowering plant
Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. They include all forbs (flowering plants without a woody stem), grasses and grass-like plants, a vast majority of ...
s in the family
Pentaphylacaceae
The Pentaphylacaceae are a small family of plants within the order Ericales. In the APG III system of 2009, it includes the former family Ternstroemiaceae.
Genera
In 2014, the Angiosperm Phylogeny Website included 14 genera in the family: Plant ...
. It is distributed in
tropical
The tropics are the regions of Earth surrounding the Equator. They are defined in latitude by the Tropic of Cancer in the Northern Hemisphere at N and the Tropic of Capricorn in
the Southern Hemisphere at S. The tropics are also referred to ...
evergreen
In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which ...
tree
In botany, a tree is a perennial plant with an elongated stem, or trunk, usually supporting branches and leaves. In some usages, the definition of a tree may be narrower, including only woody plants with secondary growth, plants that are ...
s. The leaves are alternately arranged, sometimes in clusters. Species are
androdioecious
Androdioecy is a reproductive system characterized by the coexistence of males and hermaphrodites. Androdioecy is rare in comparison with the other major reproductive systems: dioecy, gynodioecy and hermaphroditism. In animals, androdioecy has bee ...
, with some individuals bearing bisexual flowers and others with flowers that are functionally male. Flowers are solitary or borne in clusters. The flower has two bracteoles, five
sepal
A sepal () is a part of the flower of angiosperms (flowering plants). Usually green, sepals typically function as protection for the flower in bud, and often as support for the petals when in bloom., p. 106 The term ''sepalum'' was coined ...
s, five
petal
Petals are modified leaves that surround the reproductive parts of flowers. They are often brightly colored or unusually shaped to attract pollinators. All of the petals of a flower are collectively known as the ''corolla''. Petals are usuall ...
s, and many
stamen
The stamen (plural ''stamina'' or ''stamens'') is the pollen-producing reproductive organ of a flower. Collectively the stamens form the androecium., p. 10
Morphology and terminology
A stamen typically consists of a stalk called the filam ...
s. The
berry
A berry is a small, pulpy, and often edible fruit. Typically, berries are juicy, rounded, brightly colored, sweet, sour or tart, and do not have a stone or pit, although many pips or seeds may be present. Common examples are strawberries, rasp ...
-like fruit contains seeds that have red flesh over a thick
endosperm
The endosperm is a tissue produced inside the seeds of most of the flowering plants following double fertilization. It is triploid (meaning three chromosome sets per nucleus) in most species, which may be auxin-driven. It surrounds the embryo an ...
. They are likely dispersed by birds.
''T. gymnanthera'' is an Asian species cultivated as an
ornamental plant
Ornamental plants or garden plants are plants that are primarily grown for their beauty but also for qualities such as scent or how they shape physical space. Many flowering plants and garden varieties tend to be specially bred cultivars that ...
. ''T. pringlei'' is one of the most widely used medicinal plants in
Mexico
Mexico ( Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guate ...
Ternstroemia gymnanthera
''Ternstroemia gymnanthera'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Pentaphylacaceae which grows on elevations of in Japan, China and on elevation of in Himalayas. The plant is tall and bloom from June to July.
References
Terns ...
Ternstroemia luquillensis
''Ternstroemia luquillensis'', the palo colorado, is a species of plant in the Pentaphylacaceae family. It is endemic to Puerto Rico. It is threatened by habitat loss.
References
luquillensis
Endemic flora of Puerto Rico
Critically ...
'' Krug & Urb. – palo colorado
* ''
Ternstroemia maclellandiana
''Ternstroemia maclellandiana'' is a species of plant in the family Pentaphylacaceae. It is a tree endemic to Peninsular Malaysia. It is threatened by habitat loss.
References
maclellandiana
Endemic flora of Peninsular Malaysia
Trees ...
Ternstroemia penangiana
''Ternstroemia penangiana'' is a species of plant in the Pentaphylacaceae family. It is found in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore. It is threatened by habitat loss.
References
penangiana
Vulnerable plants
Taxonomy articles created ...
Ternstroemia selleana
''Ternstroemia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Pentaphylacaceae. It is distributed in tropical and subtropical regions in Africa, Asia, and the Americas.Ternstroemia stahlii
''Ternstroemia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Pentaphylacaceae. It is distributed in tropics, tropical and subtropics, subtropical regions in Africa, Asia, and the Americas.Ternstroemia subsessilis
''Ternstroemia subsessilis'', the el yunque colorado, is a species of plant in the Pentaphylacaceae family. It is endemic to Puerto Rico. It is threatened by habitat loss.
References
subsessilis
Endemic flora of Puerto Rico
Critical ...
Ternstroemia wallichiana
''Ternstroemia wallichiana'' is a species of flowering plant in the family ''Pentaphylacaceae''. It is found in Malaysia and Singapore. It is threatened by habitat loss.
References
Ternstroemia, wallichiana
Vulnerable plants
Flora of Mal ...