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Thomas Robert Shannon Broughton, FBA (; 17 February 1900 – 17 September 1993) was a
Canadian Canadians (french: Canadiens) are people identified with the country of Canada. This connection may be residential, legal, historical or cultural. For most Canadians, many (or all) of these connections exist and are collectively the source o ...
classical scholar and leading
Latin Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic languages, Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through ...
prosopographer of the twentieth century. He is especially noted for his definitive three-volume work, '' Magistrates of the Roman Republic'' (1951-1986).


Life and career

Broughton was born in 1900 in Corbetton, Ontario. He attended Victoria College at the
University of Toronto The University of Toronto (UToronto or U of T) is a public research university in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, located on the grounds that surround Queen's Park. It was founded by royal charter in 1827 as King's College, the first institution ...
. There he received a B.A. in 1921 with honors in classics. He earned his M.A. in 1922. After studying at the
University of Chicago The University of Chicago (UChicago, Chicago, U of C, or UChi) is a private research university in Chicago, Illinois. Its main campus is located in Chicago's Hyde Park neighborhood. The University of Chicago is consistently ranked among the ...
, he was made a Rogers Fellow at
Johns Hopkins University Johns Hopkins University (Johns Hopkins, Hopkins, or JHU) is a private university, private research university in Baltimore, Maryland. Founded in 1876, Johns Hopkins is the oldest research university in the United States and in the western hem ...
, where he received a Ph.D. in Latin in 1928, having studied under the famed ancient historian
Tenney Frank Tenney Frank (May 19, 1876 – April 3, 1939) was a prominent American ancient historian and classical scholar. He studied many aspects of Ancient Rome, for instance its economy, imperialism, demographics and epigraphy. Biography Tenney Frank ea ...
(1876-1939). He began his teaching career at
Victoria College, Toronto Victoria University is a federated university forming part of the wider University of Toronto, and was founded in 1836. The undergraduate section of the university is Victoria College, informally ''Vic'', after the original name of the univers ...
. Broughton would go on to teach at
Amherst College Amherst College ( ) is a private liberal arts college in Amherst, Massachusetts. Founded in 1821 as an attempt to relocate Williams College by its then-president Zephaniah Swift Moore, Amherst is the third oldest institution of higher educati ...
,
Bryn Mawr College Bryn Mawr College ( ; Welsh: ) is a women's liberal arts college in Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania. Founded as a Quaker institution in 1885, Bryn Mawr is one of the Seven Sister colleges, a group of elite, historically women's colleges in the United ...
(1928-1965) and, later, serve as George L. Paddison Professor of Latin at the
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill A university () is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. Universities typically offer both undergraduate and postgraduate programs. In the United States, t ...
(1965-1971), where th
Library Epigraphy Room
created at his behest, remains a seminal resource. Although he retired from UNC in 1971 (then aged 71), he would continue to work and advise students until his death in 1993. In 1931, he married Annie Leigh Hobson Broughton of
Norfolk, Virginia Norfolk ( ) is an independent city in the Commonwealth of Virginia in the United States. Incorporated in 1705, it had a population of 238,005 at the 2020 census, making it the third-most populous city in Virginia after neighboring Virginia Be ...
. They had two children, Margaret Broughton Tenney and T. Alan Broughton (b. 1936), a poet and pianist and professor ''emeritus'' of the
University of Vermont The University of Vermont (UVM), officially the University of Vermont and State Agricultural College, is a Public university, public Land-grant university, land-grant research university in Burlington, Vermont. It was founded in 1791 and is amon ...
. Mrs. Broughton died on September 19, 2005, in
Charleston, South Carolina Charleston is the largest city in the U.S. state of South Carolina, the county seat of Charleston County, and the principal city in the Charleston–North Charleston metropolitan area. The city lies just south of the geographical midpoint ...
.


''Magistrates of the Roman Republic''

Broughton's main scholarly work was his massive, three-volume ''Magistrates of the Roman Republic'' (commonly abbreviated ''MRR''), published 1951 to 1986 and requiring more than 30 years to complete. The project provides an unparalleled accounting of the names of men elected to office during the
Roman Republic The Roman Republic ( la, Res publica Romana ) was a form of government of Rome and the era of the classical Roman civilization when it was run through public representation of the Roman people. Beginning with the overthrow of the Roman K ...
and has become a standard reference work. It provides a year-by-year list of all known office-holders, including not only the magistracies of the ''
cursus honorum The ''cursus honorum'' (; , or more colloquially 'ladder of offices') was the sequential order of public offices held by aspiring politicians in the Roman Republic and the early Roman Empire. It was designed for men of senatorial rank. The '' ...
'' from
consul Consul (abbrev. ''cos.''; Latin plural ''consules'') was the title of one of the two chief magistrates of the Roman Republic, and subsequently also an important title under the Roman Empire. The title was used in other European city-states throu ...
to quaestor, but also promagistracies and military commands in the
provinces A province is almost always an administrative division within a country or state. The term derives from the ancient Roman ''provincia'', which was the major territorial and administrative unit of the Roman Empire's territorial possessions outsi ...
,
legates A ''legatus'' (; anglicised as legate) was a high-ranking Roman military officer in the Roman Army, equivalent to a modern high-ranking general officer. Initially used to delegate power, the term became formalised under Augustus as the officer ...
(both official and ad hoc), military prefects, priesthoods, and special commissions. Each entry is documented with ancient sources and selected works of modern scholarship. An index by name, listing each man's known offices, appears in volume 2. In 1953 the ''Magistrates of the Roman Republic'' was recognized with the Charles J. Goodwin Awards of Merit from the
American Philological Association The Society for Classical Studies (SCS), formerly known as the American Philological Association (APA) is a non-profit North American scholarly organization devoted to all aspects of Greek and Roman civilization founded in 1869. It is the preemin ...
.


Achievements and awards

Broughton's career included a variety of academic appointments and awards: visiting professor at Johns Hopkins University, Simon F. Guggenheim Memorial Foundation Fellow, holder of a Fulbright research grant to Italy and professor in charge of the School of Classical Studies of the
American Academy in Rome The American Academy in Rome is a research and arts institution located on the Gianicolo (Janiculum Hill) in Rome. The academy is a member of the Council of American Overseas Research Centers. History In 1893, a group of American architects ...
. Broughton served as president of the American Philological Association and as vice president of the International Federation of Societies of Classical Studies for 10 years. He was a member of the
American Philosophical Society The American Philosophical Society (APS), founded in 1743 in Philadelphia, is a scholarly organization that promotes knowledge in the sciences and humanities through research, professional meetings, publications, library resources, and communit ...
, a fellow of the
American Academy of Arts and Sciences The American Academy of Arts and Sciences (abbreviation: AAA&S) is one of the oldest learned societies in the United States. It was founded in 1780 during the American Revolution by John Adams, John Hancock, James Bowdoin, Andrew Oliver, ...
, an honorary member of the Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies, a corresponding member of the
German Archaeological Institute The German Archaeological Institute (german: Deutsches Archäologisches Institut, ''DAI'') is a research institute in the field of archaeology (and other related fields). The DAI is a "federal agency" under the Federal Foreign Office of Germany ...
and a corresponding Fellow of the
British Academy The British Academy is the United Kingdom's national academy for the humanities and the social sciences. It was established in 1902 and received its royal charter in the same year. It is now a fellowship of more than 1,000 leading scholars s ...
. Three universities awarded him honorary LL.D. degrees: Johns Hopkins University in 1969, the University of Toronto in 1971 and UNC in 1974. After Broughton's death in September 1993, a Colloquium was organised for November 1994 at the
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill A university () is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. Universities typically offer both undergraduate and postgraduate programs. In the United States, t ...
in honour of his memory. The papers delivered on this occasion, including those by eminent scholars such as T.P. Wiseman, Erich S. Gruen, and
Ernst Badian Ernst Badian (8 August 1925 – 1 February 2011) was an Austrian-born classical scholar who served as a professor at Harvard University from 1971 to 1998. Early life and education Badian was born in Vienna in 1925 and in 1938 fled the Nazis wi ...
, later formed the basis of the honorific volume ''Imperium Sine Fine: T. Robert S. Broughton and the Roman Republic'', edited by J. Linderski.


Works

* issertation''The Romanization of Africa Proconsularis'' (1929, reissued 1968). *1936. "Was Sallust Fair to Cicero?" ''Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association'' 67:34-46. *''Magistrates of the Roman Republic'' (1951-1986). *1934. "Roman Landholding in Asia Minor." ''Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association'' 65:207-239. *"Roman Asia Minor", in Tenney Frank, ''An Economic Survey of Ancient Rome IV'' (1938) *1946. "Notes on Roman Magistrates. I. The Command of M. Antonius in Cilicia. II. Lucullus' Commission and Pompey's Acta." ''Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association'' 77:35-43. *1991. "Candidates Defeated in Roman Elections: some ancient Roman 'also-rans'" ''Transactions of the American Philological Association'' 81.4: 1-64.


Students

* 1969. Packard, Jane. ''Official Notices in Livy’s Fourth Decade: Style and Treatment.'' Ph.D., Department of Classics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. * 1969. Wade, Donald W. ''The Roman Auxiliary Units and Camps in Dacia.'' Ph.D., Department of Classics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill * 1971. Houston, George W. ''Roman Imperial Administrative Personnel During the Principates of Vespasian and Titus (AD 69-81).'' Ph.D., Department of Classics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. * 1973. Goldsberry, Mary. ''Sicily and its Cities in Hellenistic and Roman Times.'' Ph.D., Department of Classics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. * 1974. Harrison, James Geraty. ''The Official Priests of Rome in the Reigns of Trajan and Hadrian.'' Ph.D., Department of Classics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.


References


Sources

*
Jerzy Linderski Jerzy Sever Linderski (born 21 August 1934 in Lwow, Poland, now Lviv) is a contemporary Polish scholar of ancient history and Roman religion and law. Currently George L. Paddison Professor of Latin ''Emeritus'' at the University of North Caroli ...
in ''BDNAC'' pp. 64–66. * George W. Houston in J. Linderski (ed.), ''Imperium Sine Fine: T. Robert S. Broughton and the Roman Republic'' (1996) pp. 1–30, 35–42. * Brennan, T. Corey, T. Alan Broughton, Ryan C. Fowler, Andrew G. Scott and Kathleen J. Shea (edd.).
Autobiography: A scholar's life by T. R. S. Broughton (1900-1993)
'' Piscataway, N.J.: Gorgias Press, 2008 ('' American Journal of Ancient History'', n.s., vol. 5 2006 008.


External links

*
Volume 1
of ''The Magistrates of the Roman Republic'', hosted by Hathi Trust Digital Library {{DEFAULTSORT:Broughton, Thomas Robert Shannon Canadian classical scholars American classical scholars Corresponding Fellows of the British Academy Prosopographers of ancient Rome 1900 births 1993 deaths Classical scholars of Johns Hopkins University Classical scholars of Bryn Mawr College Classical scholars of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 20th-century Canadian historians