Steyr (;
Central Bavarian
Central Bavarian form a subgroup of Bavarian dialects in large parts of Austria and the German state of Bavaria along the Danube river, on the northern side of the Eastern Alps. They are spoken in the ' Old Bavarian' regions of Upper Bavaria ( ...
: ''Steia'') is a
statutory city, located in the
Austria
Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine states, one of which is the capital, Vienna, the most populous c ...
n federal state of
Upper Austria. It is the administrative capital, though not part of
Steyr-Land District
Bezirk Steyr-Land is a district of the state of
Upper Austria in Austria
Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federat ...
. Steyr is Austria's 12th most populated town and the 3rd largest city in Upper Austria.
The city has a long history as a manufacturing center and has given its name to several manufacturers headquartered there, such as the former
Steyr-Daimler-Puch
Steyr-Daimler-Puch () was a large manufacturing conglomerate based in Steyr, Austria, which was broken up in stages between 1987 and 2001. The component parts and operations continued to exist under separate ownership and new names.
History
Th ...
conglomerate and its successor
Steyr Motors.
Geography
The city is situated in the
Traunviertel
The Traunviertel (literally German for the ''Traun'' quarter or district) is an Austrian region belonging to the state of Upper Austria: it is one of four "quarters" of Upper Austria the others being Hausruckviertel, Mühlviertel, and Innviert ...
region, with the two rivers
Steyr
Steyr (; Central Bavarian: ''Steia'') is a statutory city, located in the Austrian federal state of Upper Austria. It is the administrative capital, though not part of Steyr-Land District. Steyr is Austria's 12th most populated town and the 3rd ...
and
Enns flowing through it and meeting near the town centre beneath Lamberg Castle and St Michael's Church. This prominent location has made it prone to severe flooding through the centuries until the present, one of the worst cases being recently in
August 2002. To the south of the town rises a series of hills that climb in altitude and stretch out to the
Upper Austrian Prealps
The Upper Austrian Prealps (german: Oberösterreichische Voralpen) is a mountain range in Austria which, according to the Categorisation of the Eastern Alps, covers the region between the valley of the Traun (Gmunden) in the west and the Enns va ...
. To the north, the hills roll downward towards the confluence of the Enns with the
Danube River, where the town of
Enns is situated. In the east, the municipal area borders with
Lower Austria
Lower Austria (german: Niederösterreich; Austro-Bavarian: ''Niedaöstareich'', ''Niedaestareich'') is one of the nine states of Austria, located in the northeastern corner of the country. Since 1986, the capital of Lower Austria has been Sankt P� ...
.
Steyr is an ancient town with modern amenities, marketing its rich cultural and architectural heritage in
tourism like
Vienna and many other well preserved Austrian historic towns. It marked its 1,000th anniversary in 1980, after undergoing extensive restoration of its historic architecture which has made it one of the best preserved
old town
In a city or town, the old town is its historic or original core. Although the city is usually larger in its present form, many cities have redesignated this part of the city to commemorate its origins after thorough renovations. There are ma ...
s in the country. The famous historic town centre built around the ''Stadtplatz'' (
town square) was largely restored following
World War II. Its best-known piece of architecture is called the
Bummerlhaus which is considered one of the finest examples of
Gothic architecture for its size in
Central Europe
Central Europe is an area of Europe between Western Europe and Eastern Europe, based on a common historical, social and cultural identity. The Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) between Catholicism and Protestantism significantly shaped the ar ...
.
The city comprises the
cadastral communities of Christkindl, Föhrenschacherl, Gleink, Hinterberg, Jägerberg, Sarning, Stein, and Steyr.
History
Celts
The Celts (, see pronunciation for different usages) or Celtic peoples () are. "CELTS location: Greater Europe time period: Second millennium B.C.E. to present ancestry: Celtic a collection of Indo-European peoples. "The Celts, an ancient ...
settled the area from about 600 BC, the name of the ''Stiria'' River is of
Celtic
Celtic, Celtics or Keltic may refer to:
Language and ethnicity
*pertaining to Celts, a collection of Indo-European peoples in Europe and Anatolia
**Celts (modern)
*Celtic languages
**Proto-Celtic language
*Celtic music
*Celtic nations
Sports Foo ...
origin. Their kingdom of
Noricum became part of the
Roman Empire
The Roman Empire ( la, Imperium Romanum ; grc-gre, Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων, Basileía tôn Rhōmaíōn) was the post-Roman Republic, Republican period of ancient Rome. As a polity, it included large territorial holdings aro ...
in 15 BC. A settlement named ''Gesodunum'' noted by the ancient geographer
Claudius Ptolemy
Claudius Ptolemy (; grc-gre, Πτολεμαῖος, ; la, Claudius Ptolemaeus; AD) was a mathematician, astronomer, astrologer, geographer, and music theorist, who wrote about a dozen scientific treatises, three of which were of importanc ...
(c. 90 – c. 168) was possibly located in the Steyr region. Here the Roman "Iron Road" led from the
Erzberg mine
The Erzberg mine is a large open-pit mine located in Eisenerz, Styria, in the central-western part of Austria, 60 km north-west of Graz and 260 km south-west of the capital, Vienna. Erzberg represents the largest iron ore reserves in Aust ...
along the Enns River to the
castra
In the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire, the Latin word ''castrum'', plural ''castra'', was a military-related term.
In Latin usage, the singular form ''castrum'' meant 'fort', while the plural form ''castra'' meant 'camp'. The singular and ...
of ''Lauriacum'' (at present-day Enns) on the Danube.
In the 6th century, Slavic settlers moved into the area, but when they were defeated by Duke
Tassilo III of Bavaria, who granted the land to nearby
Kremsmünster Abbey
Kremsmünster Abbey (german: Stift Kremsmünster) is a Benedictine monastery in Kremsmünster in Upper Austria.
History
The monastery was founded in 777 AD by Tassilo III, Duke of Bavaria. According to the foundation legend, Tassilo founded th ...
in 777, the area was resettled with
Bavarians
Bavarians ( Bavarian: ''Boarn'', Standard German: ''Baiern'') are an ethnographic group of Germans of the Bavaria region, a state within Germany. The group's dialect or speech is known as the Bavarian language, native to Altbayern ("Old B ...
. During the
Hungarian invasions of Europe
The Hungarian invasions of Europe ( hu, kalandozások, german: Ungarneinfälle) took place in the 9th and 10th centuries,
the period of transition in the history of Europe in the Early Middle Ages, when the territory of the former Carolingian E ...
, a fortress was erected above the Steyr River by the local Traungau counts, first mentioned as ''Styraburg'' in a 980 deed. From 1055 Steyr Castle in the Bavarian Traungau as well as the adjacent "
March of Styria" were ruled by the mighty
Otakar
Otakar is a masculine Czech given name of Germanic origin (cf. Audovacar). Notable people with the name include:
* Otakar Batlička (1895–1942), Czech adventurer, journalist, ham radio operator, member of Czech Nazi resistance group in World War ...
dynasty. The Otokars controlled the
iron mining
Iron ores are rocks and minerals from which metallic iron can be economically extracted. The ores are usually rich in iron oxides and vary in color from dark grey, bright yellow, or deep purple to rusty red. The iron is usually found in the fo ...
at Erzberg and made their residence at Steyr a centre of medieval courtly culture and
Middle High German
Middle High German (MHG; german: Mittelhochdeutsch (Mhd.)) is the term for the form of German spoken in the High Middle Ages. It is conventionally dated between 1050 and 1350, developing from Old High German and into Early New High German. Hi ...
poetry.
In 1180, Emperor
Frederick Barbarossa
Frederick Barbarossa (December 1122 – 10 June 1190), also known as Frederick I (german: link=no, Friedrich I, it, Federico I), was the Holy Roman Emperor from 1155 until his death 35 years later. He was elected King of Germany in Frankfurt on ...
elevated Margrave
Ottokar IV to a
Duke of Styria
The Duchy of Styria (german: Herzogtum Steiermark; sl, Vojvodina Štajerska; hu, Stájer Hercegség) was a duchy located in modern-day southern Austria and northern Slovenia. It was a part of the Holy Roman Empire until its dissolution in 180 ...
; however, the line became extinct upon his death in 1192 and, according to the 1186
Georgenberg Pact
The Georgenberg Pact (also called the Georgenberg Compact, german: Georgenberger Handfeste) was a treaty signed between Duke Leopold V of Austria and Duke Ottokar IV of Styria on 17 August 1186 at Enns Castle on the Georgenberg mountain.
The ...
, his Styrian lands fell to the
Babenberg
The House of Babenberg was a noble dynasty of Austrian Dukes and Margraves. Originally from Bamberg in the Duchy of Franconia (present-day Bavaria), the Babenbergs ruled the imperial Margraviate of Austria from its creation in 976 AD until its ...
dukes of
Austria
Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine states, one of which is the capital, Vienna, the most populous c ...
.
Steyr, already named a
town (''urbs'') by then, lost its importance as a ducal residence but retained its status as a centre of ironworking. The Babenberg rulers promoted its economic development as a site of blacksmithing, mainly
knife making
Knife making is the process of manufacturing a knife by any one or a combination of processes: stock removal, forging to shape, welded lamination or investment cast. Typical metals used come from the carbon steel, tool, or stainless steel fam ...
and
armament
A weapon, arm or armament is any implement or device that can be used to deter, threaten, inflict physical damage, harm, or kill. Weapons are used to increase the efficacy and efficiency of activities such as hunting, crime, law enforcement, ...
industry. After the extinction of the Babenbergs in 1246, Steyr together with the Duchy of Austria was occupied by the
Přemyslid king
Ottokar II of Bohemia and finally taken over by the
Habsburg king
Rudolf I of Germany upon his victory at the 1278
Battle on the Marchfeld
The Battle on the Marchfeld (''i.e. Morava Field''; german: Schlacht auf dem Marchfeld; cs, Bitva na Moravském poli; hu, Morvamezei csata) at Dürnkrut and Jedenspeigen took place on 26 August 1278 and was a decisive event for the history ...
. The town privileges and
market rights were confirmed by Rudolf's son King
Albert I Albert I may refer to:
People Born before 1300
*Albert I, Count of Vermandois (917–987)
*Albert I, Count of Namur ()
* Albert I of Moha
*Albert I of Brandenburg (), first margrave of Brandenburg
*Albert I, Margrave of Meissen (1158–1195)
*Alber ...
in 1287 and the citizens further on benefitted of Steyr's preferred position within the iron trade all over the
Holy Roman Empire and especially with the
Republic of Venice.
In the 13th and 14th century, Steyr was a centre of the Christian
Waldensian movement and a location of the inquisitorial persecutions led by the Catholic cleric
Petrus Zwicker (d. 1403). Likewise, the
Protestant Reformation quickly spread among the citizens about 1525, fiercely opposed by the Habsburg rulers in the course of the
Counter-Reformation
The Counter-Reformation (), also called the Catholic Reformation () or the Catholic Revival, was the period of Catholic resurgence that was initiated in response to the Protestant Reformation. It began with the Council of Trent (1545–1563) ...
.
The economic situation changed for the worse, as the iron trade decayed during the
Thirty Years' War, when Upper Austria was pawned to Duke
Maximilian I of Bavaria, and the
Peasants' War in Upper Austria
The Peasants' War in Upper Austria (german: Oberösterreichischer Bauernkrieg) was a rebellion led by farmers in 1626 whose goal was to free Upper Austria from Bavarian rule. The motive (found in the of 1625) was an escalation of the Bavarian ...
of 1626. In 1727 the medieval ''Styraburg'' was devastated by a blaze and replaced by the
Baroque
The Baroque (, ; ) is a style of architecture, music, dance, painting, sculpture, poetry, and other arts that flourished in Europe from the early 17th century until the 1750s. In the territories of the Spanish and Portuguese empires including th ...
Lamberg Castle. The resurgence of Steyr began under the conditions of late 18th century
Josephinism
Josephinism was the collective domestic policies of Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor (1765–1790). During the ten years in which Joseph was the sole ruler of the Habsburg monarchy (1780–1790), he attempted to legislate a series of drastic reforms ...
and continued in the course of the succeeding
industrialisation
Industrialisation ( alternatively spelled industrialization) is the period of social and economic change that transforms a human group from an agrarian society into an industrial society. This involves an extensive re-organisation of an econom ...
. During the
Napoleonic Wars Steyr was occupied by
French troops several times. On 25 December 1800, the
Armistice of Steyr was signed there.
In 1830 the blacksmith Leopold Werndl founded an armory at Steyr, which his sons Josef and Franz Werndl re-established as a stock company in 1864, named the ''Österreichische Waffenfabriksgesellschaft'' (ÖWG) from 1869. Including the
Steyr automobile
Steyr was an Austrian automotive brand, established in 1915 as a branch of the ''Österreichische Waffenfabriks-Gesellschaft'' (ÖWG) weapon manufacturing company. Renamed ''Steyr-Werke AG'' in 1926 and merged with Austro-Daimler and Puch into Stey ...
branch from 1915 it was renamed ''Steyr-Werke AG'' in 1926 and formed a large industrial conglomerate by the merger with
Austro-Daimler and
Puch in 1934. However, the Steyr industry was hit hard by the 1929
Great Depression.
In 1934, the town became one of several battlegrounds between Social Democratic ''
Schutzbund
The Republikanischer Schutzbund (, ''Republican Protection League'') was an Austrian paramilitary organization established in 1923 by the Social Democratic Party (SDAPÖ) to secure power
in the face of rising political radicalization after World ...
'' paramilitary forces and Christian Social ''
Heimwehr'' militias in the
Austrian Civil War
The Austrian Civil War (german: Österreichischer Bürgerkrieg), also known as the February Uprising (german: Februarkämpfe), was a few days of skirmishes between Austrian government and socialist forces between 12 and 16 February 1934, in Aust ...
, which brought about the
fascist corporate
Federal State of Austria
The Federal State of Austria ( de-AT, Bundesstaat Österreich; colloquially known as the , "Corporate State") was a continuation of the First Austrian Republic between 1934 and 1938 when it was a one-party state led by the clerical fascist F ...
that ruled the country until the 1938 ''
Anschluss
The (, or , ), also known as the (, en, Annexation of Austria), was the annexation of the Federal State of Austria into the Nazi Germany, German Reich on 13 March 1938.
The idea of an (a united Austria and Germany that would form a "Ger ...
'' to
Nazi Germany.
The Nazi authorities incorporated the armament industry into the vast ''
Reichswerke Hermann Göring
Reichswerke Hermann Göring was an industrial conglomerate in Nazi Germany from 1937 until 1945. It was established to extract and process domestic iron ores from Salzgitter that were deemed uneconomical by the privately held steel mills. The st ...
'' conglomerate, including the construction of the
Steyr-Münichholz subcamp The Steyr-Münichholz concentration camp was one in a number of subcamps of the Mauthausen-Gusen concentration camp in Upper Austria. Inmates were drawn from the main camp, in order to exploit their labor for producing arms in Steyr-Daimler-Puch co ...
of forced labourers, part of the
Mauthausen
Mauthausen was a Nazi concentration camp on a hill above the market town of Mauthausen, Upper Austria, Mauthausen (roughly east of Linz), Upper Austria. It was the main camp of a group with List of subcamps of Mauthausen, nearly 100 further ...
network. A major producer of arms and military vehicles during
World War II, Steyr became a target of
Allied bombing raids to knock out its factories. In two major attacks by the US
Fifteenth Air Force during the "
Big Week
Big Week or Operation Argument was a sequence of raids by the United States Army Air Forces and RAF Bomber Command from 20 to 25 February 1944, as part of the European strategic bombing campaign against Nazi Germany. The planners intended to a ...
" on 23 and 24 February 1944, much of the town was badly damaged, but the factories continued to function until near the end of the war.
The city was a meeting point on 9 May 1945, when units of the
5th Guards Airborne
Fifth is the ordinal form of the number five.
Fifth or The Fifth may refer to:
* Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution, as in the expression "pleading the Fifth"
* Fifth column, a political term
* Fifth disease, a contagious rash tha ...
of the
Red Army and
black troops of the US
761st Tank Battalion
The 761st Tank Battalion was a separate tank battalion of the United States Army during World War II. The 761st was made up primarily of African-American soldiers, who by War Department policy were not permitted to serve alongside white troops ...
along with the
71st Infantry Division contacted each other on the bridge over the Enns River. Steyr was occupied by the U.S. Army—the Soviet Army moved east behind the demarcation line of the province of Lower Austria. The troops remained until 1955 when Austria officially declared
neutrality by the
Austrian State Treaty
The Austrian State Treaty (german: Österreichischer Staatsvertrag ) or Austrian Independence Treaty re-established Austria as a sovereign state. It was signed on 15 May 1955 in Vienna, at the Schloss Belvedere among the Allied occupying p ...
.
Population
Local council
The local council (Gemeinderat) has 36 members.
Elections in 2015 showed the following results:
* SPÖ 16 seats
* FPÖ 10 seats
* ÖVP 5 seats
* The Greens - The Green Alternative 4 seats
* NEOS 1 seat
Economy
The most heavily represented sector is the manufacturing automotive parts. The most significant companies in Steyr are:
* BMW Motors
* GFM Steyr GmbH
*
MAN
A man is an adult male human. Prior to adulthood, a male human is referred to as a boy (a male child or adolescent). Like most other male mammals, a man's genome usually inherits an X chromosome from the mother and a Y chromo ...
* NKE AUSTRIA GmbH
* Profactor
*
SKF
AB SKF (Swedish: ''Svenska Kullagerfabriken''; 'Swedish Ball Bearing Factory') is a Swedish bearing and seal manufacturing company founded in Gothenburg, Sweden, in 1907. The company manufactures and supplies bearings, seals, lubrication and l ...
*
Steyr Motors
* ZF Steyr
In other sectors are also important Austrian companies in Steyr:
* Eckelt Glass GmbH
* Hartlauer
*
Steyr-Mannlicher
Steyr Arms () is a firearms manufacturer based in Sankt Peter in der Au, Austria. Originally part of Steyr-Daimler-Puch, it became independent when the conglomerate was broken up in 1989. Prior to 1 January 2019, the company was named Steyr Ma ...
Infrastructure
Health systems
The Pyhrn-Eisenwurzen Klinikum Steyr is the
general hospital of the city and the largest health care provider in the region with a capacity of 621 beds. It is also a teaching hospital affiliated with the medical universities of
Vienna,
Graz and
Innsbruck.
The Steyr School of General Health and Nursing offers a degree in nursing science and training to become a certified nurse. The oldest part is the 1916 castle-like old building. The hospital has been continually expanded since 1935.
Energy
Steyr has a district heating system which supplies the bulk of the buildings and industry with renewable energy. The thermal energy comes from the Steyr biomass heating plant.
Sport
The local professional football team is
SK Vorwärts Steyr who play at the
Vorwärts Stadium.
People
Steyr has had a number of well-known residents or visitors, including
Franz Schubert
Franz Peter Schubert (; 31 January 179719 November 1828) was an Austrian composer of the late Classical and early Romantic eras. Despite his short lifetime, Schubert left behind a vast ''oeuvre'', including more than 600 secular vocal wor ...
, who wrote his
Trout Quintet
The ''Trout Quintet'' (''Forellenquintett'') is the popular name for the Piano Quintet in A major, D. 667, by Franz Schubert. The piano quintet was composed in 1819, when he was 22 years old; it was not published, however, until 1829, a year aft ...
there while on holiday, and composer
Anton Bruckner
Josef Anton Bruckner (; 4 September 182411 October 1896) was an Austrian composer, organist, and music theorist best known for his symphonies, masses, Te Deum and motets. The first are considered emblematic of the final stage of Austro-Germ ...
, organist at the local parish church. Young
Adolf Hitler
Adolf Hitler (; 20 April 188930 April 1945) was an Austrian-born German politician who was dictator of Germany from 1933 until his death in 1945. He rose to power as the leader of the Nazi Party, becoming the chancellor in 1933 and then ...
spent a brief period there while he attended the Steyr secondary school in 1904, living in a room on Grünmarkt. The school is located in the same building as the famous Saint Michael's Church. Notable natives of Steyr are:
*
Johannes Stabius
Johannes Stabius (Johann Stab) (1450–1522) was an Austrian cartographer and astronomer of Vienna who developed, around 1500, the heart-shape (cordiform) projection map later developed further by Johannes Werner. It is called the '' Werner map p ...
(c. 1460–1522), cartographer
*
Johann Michael Vogl (1768–1840), singer
*
Johann Mayrhofer
Johann Baptist Mayrhofer (22 October 17875 February 1836) was an Austrian poet and librettist. He is best known for his close friendship with the composer Franz Schubert.
Biography
Mayrhofer was born in Steyr, educated at Novitiate in St. Fl ...
(1787–1836), poet
*
Ferdinand Redtenbacher
Ferdinand Jakob Redtenbacher (July 25, 1809 in Steyr, Upper Austria – April 16, 1863 in Karlsruhe) is regarded as the founder of science-based mechanical engineering.
Life
Redtenbacher, son of an ironmonger from Steyr, first went through ...
(1809–1863), engineer
*
Josef Werndl
Josef Werndl was a famous Austrian arms producer and inventor. His most famous rifle design was the M1867 Werndl-Holub. He also owned the Steyr-Mannlicher from 1855.
References
See also
*Ferdinand Mannlicher
Ferdinand Ritter von Mannliche ...
(1831–1889), arms producer, engineer and inventor
*
Ignaz Trollmann (1860-1919), general in the
Austro-Hungarian Army
The Austro-Hungarian Army (, literally "Ground Forces of the Austro-Hungarians"; , literally "Imperial and Royal Army") was the ground force of the Austro-Hungarian Dual Monarchy from 1867 to 1918. It was composed of three parts: the joint arm ...
*
Michael Blümelhuber (1865–1936), metalcutter
*
August Eigruber
August Eigruber (16 April 1907 – 28 May 1947) was an Austrian-born Nazi Gauleiter and ''Reichsstatthalter'' of Reichsgau Oberdonau (Upper Danube) and Landeshauptmann of Upper Austria. He was convicted of war crimes at Mauthausen-Gusen con ...
(1907–1947), Nazi ''Gauleiter'' hanged for war crimes
*
Franz Schausberger
Franz Schausberger (; born 5 February 1950) is an Austrian politician (ÖVP) and historian. From 24 April 1996 to 28 April 2004 he was Landeshauptmann (governor) of Salzburg.
Early life, education, and start in politics
Schausberger was born in S ...
(b. 1950), politician and historian
*
Erich Hackl
Erich Hackl (born 26 May 1954 in Steyr, Upper Austria) is an Austrian novelist and short story writer. His works have been translated into English, Spanish, French, Czech and Hebrew though he is significantly better known in the German-speaking wo ...
(b. 1954), novelist
*
Wilhelm Molterer
Wilhelm Molterer (born 14 May 1955 in Steyr) is an Austrian politician who currently serves as the Managing Director of the European Fund for Strategic Investments (EFSI). Between 2011 and 2015 he was the Vice-President and member of the Manageme ...
(b. 1955), politician
*
Ronald Brunmayr (b. 1975), football player
*
Georg Harding (b. 1981), football player
*
Emanuel Schreiner (b. 1989), football player
*
Kevin Stöger
Kevin Stöger (born 27 August 1993) is an Austrian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Bundesliga club VfL Bochum. He is the younger brother of fellow footballer Pascal Stöger.
Club career
Stöger was born in Steyr, Austria ...
(b. 1993), football player
*
Franz Wickhoff (1853–1909) was an Austrian art historian and a member of the Vienna School of Art History
International relations
Steyr is
twinned with:
*
Bethlehem
Bethlehem (; ar, بيت لحم ; he, בֵּית לֶחֶם '' '') is a city in the central West Bank, Palestine, about south of Jerusalem. Its population is approximately 25,000,Amara, 1999p. 18.Brynen, 2000p. 202. and it is the capital of ...
, Palestine
*
Kettering
Kettering is a market and industrial town in North Northamptonshire, England. It is located north of London and north-east of Northampton, west of the River Ise, a tributary of the River Nene. The name means "the place (or territory) of ...
, USA
*
Plauen
Plauen (; Czech: ''Plavno'') is, with around 65,000 inhabitants, the fifth-largest city of Saxony, Germany after Leipzig, Dresden, Chemnitz and Zwickau, the second-largest city of the Vogtland after Gera, as well as the largest city in t ...
, Germany
*
San Benedetto del Tronto, Italy
References
External links
Official Homepage of the City of Steyr
Live webcam of main square* http://www.e-steyr.com Communitysite for news, nightlife, society, sports and culture
{{Authority control
Cities and towns in Upper Austria
March of Styria
Duchy of Styria