Specialization or Specialized may refer to:

Academia

Academic specialization In academic, specialization (or specialisation) may be a course of study or major at an academic institution or may refer to the field in which a specialist practices. In the case of an educator, academic specialization pertains to the subject th ...

, may be a course of study or major at an academic institution or may refer to the field in which a specialist practices * Specialty (medicine), a branch of medical practice

Biology

Cellular differentiation Cellular differentiation is the process in which a stem cell alters from one type to a differentiated one. Usually, the cell changes to a more specialized type. Differentiation happens multiple times during the development of a multicellular ...

, the process by which a less specialized cell becomes a more specialized cell type * Specialty (medicine), a branch of medical science * Generalist and specialist species, in biology and ecology * Specialization in multicellular organisms

Computer science

* Partial template specialization, a particular form of class template specialization * Template specialization, a style of computer programming which allows alternative implementations to be provided based on certain characteristics of the parameterized type that is being instantiated

Economics and industry

* Departmentalization, refers to the process of grouping activities into departments * Division of labour, the specialization of cooperative labour in specific, circumscribed tasks and roles *

Economic specialization The division of labour is the separation of the tasks in any economic system or organisation so that participants may specialise (specialisation). Individuals, organizations, and nations are endowed with, or acquire specialised capabilities, and ...

, the separation of tasks within an economy * Flexible Specialization (Post-Fordism), a name given to the dominant system of economic production, consumption and associated socio-economic phenomena, in most industrialized countries since the late 20th century * Network governance, also known as Flexible Specialization

Linguistics

Specialization (linguistics) In linguistics, the term ''specialization'' (as defined by Paul Hopper), refers to one of the five principles by which grammaticalization can be detected while it is taking place. The other four principles are: layering, divergence In vect ...

Specialized English Specialized English is a controlled version of the English language used for radio broadcasting, easier for non-native speakers of English. It is derived from Voice of America (VoA) Special English. Specialized English was developed initially b ...

, a controlled version of the English language used for radio broadcasting, easier for non-native speakers

Mathematics

Specialization (pre)order In the branch of mathematics known as topology, the specialization (or canonical) preorder is a natural preorder on the set of the points of a topological space. For most spaces that are considered in practice, namely for all those that satisfy th ...

, a natural preorder on the set of the points of a topological space

Organizations

SCT Logistics SCT Logistics is an Australian interstate transport company operating rail and road haulage, with facilities in Brisbane, Sydney, Parkes, Melbourne, Adelaide and Perth. History SCT Logistics was founded in 1974 as Specialised Container Tran ...

, transport company in Australia that formally traded as Specialised Container Transport *

Specialised Technical Committees of the African Union The Specialised Technical Committees are bodies in the African Union responsible to the Executive Council. They include: * The Specialised Technical Committee on Justice and Legal Affairs. * The Specialised Technical Committee on Rural Economy ...

Specialized Technology Resources Specialized Technology Resources, abbreviated as STR, is an American corporation headquartered in Enfield, Connecticut. It has two divisions – Solar Cell Encapsulant Manufacturing and Quality Assurance Services for Consumer Products. Solar Encap ...

, an American corporation headquartered in Enfield, Connecticut *

Specialized System Consultants Specialized System Consultants (SSC), is a private media company that publishes magazines and reference manuals. SSC properties include LinuxGazette.com, ITgarage.com, the monthly international print magazine ''Linux Journal'', and the webzine ...

, a private media company that publishes magazines and reference manuals * Specialized Bicycle Components, a company making bicycles and bicycle components

Psychology

Cognitive specialization Cognitive specialization suggests that certain behaviors, often in the domain of social communication, are passed on to offspring and refined to be maximally beneficial by the process of natural selection. Specializations serve an adaptive purpose ...

, refers to the theory that learning certain skills inhibits the ability to learn related but dissimilar skills *

Specialization of knowledge A modern development and belief A belief is an attitude that something is the case, or that some proposition is true. In epistemology, philosophers use the term "belief" to refer to attitudes about the world which can be either true or fals ...

Interactive specialization Interactive Specialization is a theory of brain development proposed by the British developmental cognitive neuroscientist Mark Johnson, formerly head of the Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development at Birkbeck, University of London, London and ...

, a theory of brain development

Other uses

* Specialized Mobile Radio, analog or digital trunked two-way radio system