Portret van Simon Paulli, RP-P-1878-A-961

Simon Paulli (6 April 1603 – 25 April 1680), was a

Danish Danish may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to the country of Denmark People * A national or citizen of Denmark, also called a "Dane," see Demographics of Denmark * Culture of Denmark * Danish people or Danes, people with a Danish ance ...

physician and naturalist. He was a professor of

anatomy Anatomy () is the branch of biology concerned with the study of the structure of organisms and their parts. Anatomy is a branch of natural science that deals with the structural organization of living things. It is an old science, having it ...

surgery Surgery ''cheirourgikē'' (composed of χείρ, "hand", and ἔργον, "work"), via la, chirurgiae, meaning "hand work". is a medical specialty that uses operative manual and instrumental techniques on a person to investigate or treat a pat ...

and

botany Botany, also called , plant biology or phytology, is the science of plant life and a branch of biology. A botanist, plant scientist or phytologist is a scientist who specialises in this field. The term "botany" comes from the Ancient Greek w ...

at the

University of Copenhagen The University of Copenhagen ( da, Københavns Universitet, KU) is a prestigious public university, public research university in Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. Founded in 1479, the University of Copenhagen is the second-oldest university in ...

. The genus '' Paullinia'' is named after him.Niels Stensen-Bibliography Simon Paulli (1603–1680)
Whonamedit.com (1988-10-23). Retrieved on 2012-05-16.
Words.fromoldbooks.org. Retrieved on 2012-05-16. Paulli was the first

court physician A court is any person or institution, often as a government institution, with the authority to adjudicate legal disputes between parties and carry out the administration of justice in civil, criminal, and administrative matters in accordanc ...

Frederick III of Denmark Frederick III ( da, Frederik; 18 March 1609 – 9 February 1670) was King of Denmark and Norway from 1648 until his death in 1670. He also governed under the name Frederick II as diocesan administrator (colloquially referred to as prince-bi ...

, and made valuable contributions to anatomy and botany. He authored and published several treatises in medicine and botany, notably, ''Quadripartitum Botanicum''. He was also a driving force between the establishment of the Domus Anatomica, the first

anatomical theatre An anatomical theatre (Latin: ) was a specialised building or room, resembling a theatre, used in teaching anatomy at early modern universities. They were typically constructed with a tiered structure surrounding a central table, allowing a lar ...

in Copenhagen.

Early life

Paulli was born at

Rostock Rostock (), officially the Hanseatic and University City of Rostock (german: link=no, Hanse- und Universitätsstadt Rostock), is the largest city in the German state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern and lies in the Mecklenburgian part of the state, ...

on 6 April 1603. His grandfather, Simon Paulli, Sr., was a

German German(s) may refer to: * Germany (of or related to) **Germania (historical use) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law **Ge ...

theologian and first city superintendent of

.Simon Pauli the older one
Multilingualarchive.com. Retrieved on 2012-05-16. His father, Henry Paulli, was a physician to the queen

Dowager A dowager is a widow or widower who holds a title or property—a "dower"—derived from her or his deceased spouse. As an adjective, ''dowager'' usually appears in association with monarchical and aristocratic titles. In popular usage, the noun ' ...

of Denmark. He had three sons: Jacob Henrik (1637–1702), an

anatomist Anatomy () is the branch of biology concerned with the study of the structure of organisms and their parts. Anatomy is a branch of natural science that deals with the structural organization of living things. It is an old science, having it ...

and

diplomat A diplomat (from grc, δίπλωμα; romanization, romanized ''diploma'') is a person appointed by a state (polity), state or an intergovernmental institution such as the United Nations or the European Union to conduct diplomacy with one or m ...

in Danish services; Daniel (1640–1684), a bookseller and publisher in Copenhagen, also Simon printer and publisher in

Strasbourg Strasbourg (, , ; german: Straßburg ; gsw, label= Bas Rhin Alsatian, Strossburi , gsw, label=Haut Rhin Alsatian, Strossburig ) is the prefecture and largest city of the Grand Est region of eastern France and the official seat of the Eu ...

; and Olliger (Holger) Paulli (1644–1714), a successful merchant, secretary to the

Danish East India Company The Danish East India Company ( da, Ostindisk Kompagni) refers to two separate Danish-Norwegian chartered companies. The first company operated between 1616 and 1650. The second company existed between 1670 and 1729, however, in 1730 it was re-fo ...

, journalist and publisher.Simon Pauli the younger one
Multilingualarchive.com. Retrieved on 2012-05-16. Paulli was schooled in several places, including

Leiden Leiden (; in English and archaic Dutch also Leyden) is a city and municipality in the province of South Holland, Netherlands. The municipality of Leiden has a population of 119,713, but the city forms one densely connected agglomeration with ...

Paris Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. S ...

and Copenhagen. He matriculated from the

between 1626 and 1629. He received his M.D from

Wittenberg Wittenberg ( , ; Low Saxon: ''Wittenbarg''; meaning ''White Mountain''; officially Lutherstadt Wittenberg (''Luther City Wittenberg'')), is the fourth largest town in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. Wittenberg is situated on the River Elbe, north ...

. He worked as a physician in Rostock and

Lübeck Lübeck (; Low German also ), officially the Hanseatic City of Lübeck (german: Hansestadt Lübeck), is a city in Northern Germany. With around 217,000 inhabitants, Lübeck is the second-largest city on the German Baltic coast and in the st ...

as a medical practitioner and later became professor of anatomy at Finck College. With the aid of Frederick III, he established an "Anatomical theatre" at Copenhangen. He died on 25 April 1680 at Copenhagen.

Works

''Quadripartitum, De Simplicium medicamentorum Facultatibus''
Rostock 1639—New, enlarged edition: Strasbourg, 1667–1668:- a

Latin Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through the power of the ...

quarto on medicinal plants * ''Flora Danica, Det er: Dansk Urtebog.'' Copenhagen 1648. * ''Commentarius De Abusu Tabaci Americanorum Veteri, Et Herbæ Thee Asiaticorum in Europe Novo'':- This work against

tobacco Tobacco is the common name of several plants in the genus ''Nicotiana'' of the family Solanaceae, and the general term for any product prepared from the cured leaves of these plants. More than 70 species of tobacco are known, but the chie ...

and

tea Tea is an aromatic beverage prepared by pouring hot or boiling water over cured or fresh leaves of ''Camellia sinensis'', an evergreen shrub native to East Asia which probably originated in the borderlands of southwestern China and norther ...

was published in 1661. It was later translated into

English English usually refers to: * English language * English people English may also refer to: Peoples, culture, and language * ''English'', an adjective for something of, from, or related to England ** English national ide ...

by 'Dr. James' in 1746 as ''A treatise on tobacco, tea, coffee, and chocolate. In which I. The advantages and disadvantages attending the use of these commodities''.
''Anatomisch- und Medizinisches Bedenken''
1672

Honor

The Paullinia, genus of flowering shrubs, small trees and lianas in the

soapberry Soapberry is a common name for several plants and may refer to: * Plants in the genus ''Sapindus'', native to warm temperate to tropical regions in both the Old World and the New World. The berries of these plants contain a natural, low-sudsing de ...

family in

is named in honour of him.The genus is named Paul linia by Linnaeus in honor of Simon Paulli, a German botanist
. Inkanatural.com. Retrieved on 2012-05-16.

References

External links

{{DEFAULTSORT:Paulli, Simon 1603 births 1680 deaths 17th-century Danish people Danish male writers Danish anatomists Danish medical writers 17th-century Danish physicians History of anatomy People from Rostock Pre-Linnaean botanists 17th-century male writers Court physicians