''Sciaphila'' is a genus of

mycoheterotrophic Myco-heterotrophy (from Greek μύκης , "fungus", ἕτερος ', "another", "different" and τροφή ', "nutrition") is a symbiotic relationship between certain kinds of plants and fungi, in which the plant gets all or part of its food fro ...

plants in the family

Triuridaceae Triuridaceae are a family of tropical and subtropical flowering plants, including nine genera with a total of approximately 55 known species. All members lack chlorophyll and are mycoheterotrophic (obtain food by digesting intracellular fungi, o ...

. These plants receive nutrition from fungi and neighboring trees and have less need for photosynthesis. It is widespread in tropical and subtropical regions, found in

Africa Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent, after Asia in both cases. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area ...

, China, Japan, the

Indian Subcontinent The Indian subcontinent is a list of the physiographic regions of the world, physiographical region in United Nations geoscheme for Asia#Southern Asia, Southern Asia. It is situated on the Indian Plate, projecting southwards into the Indian O ...

Southeast Asia Southeast Asia, also spelled South East Asia and South-East Asia, and also known as Southeastern Asia, South-eastern Asia or SEA, is the geographical south-eastern region of Asia, consisting of the regions that are situated south of mainlan ...

Latin America Latin America or * french: Amérique Latine, link=no * ht, Amerik Latin, link=no * pt, América Latina, link=no, name=a, sometimes referred to as LatAm is a large cultural region in the Americas where Romance languages — languages derived f ...

(from southern

Mexico Mexico (Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatema ...

Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...

) and on various islands Pacific Islands.

Species

Many species names have been proposed, including some for taxa now transferred to other genera. The following are accepted as member of ''Sciaphila'': * '' Sciaphila africana'' A.Chev. - Ghana, Ivory Coast, Congo-Brazzaville, * '' Sciaphila albescens'' Benth. - Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela, Panama, the Guianas * '' Sciaphila aneitensis'' Hemsl. - Vanuatu, Futuna, Niue * '' Sciaphila arcuata'' Aver. - Vietnam * '' Sciaphila arfakiana'' Becc. - Taiwan, Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia, New Guinea, Micronesia, Fiji, Bismarck Archipelago, Solomon Islands * '' Sciaphila consimilis'' Blume - Taiwan, Philippines * '' Sciaphila corallophyton'' K.Schum. & Schltr. in K.M.Schumann & C.A.G.Lauterbach - Pohnpei, New Caledonia, New Guinea, Bismarck Archipelago * '' Sciaphila corniculata'' Becc. - Maluku, New Guinea, New Caledonia, Solomon Islands * '' Sciaphila corymbosa'' Benth. - Brazil, Colombia * '' Sciaphila densiflora'' Schltr. - Borneo, Lesser Sunda Islands, Philippines, New Guinea, New Caledonia, Maluku * '' Sciaphila janthina'' (Champ.) Thwaites - Sri Lanka, southern India * '' Sciaphila japonica'' Makino - Japan * '' Sciaphila jianfenglingensis'' Han Xu, Y.D.Li & H.Q.Chen - Hainan * '' Sciaphila khasiana'' Benth. & Hook.f. - Assam * '' Sciaphila ledermannii'' Engl. - Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, Equatorial Guinea, São Tomé and Príncipe * '' Sciaphila micranthera'' Giesen in H.G.A.Engler - Borneo * '' Sciaphila multiflora'' Giesen in H.G.A.Engler - Ryukyu Islands, Caroline Islands, Mindanao, New Guinea * '' Sciaphila nana'' Blume - Jeju-do Island, Ryukyu Islands, Volcano Islands, Japan, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia, Java, Sumatra * '' Sciaphila oligantha'' Maas - State of Amazonas in Brazil * '' Sciaphila papillosa'' Becc - New Guinea * '' Sciaphila picta'' Miers - Yucatán Peninsula, Central America, Colombia, Venezuela * '' Sciaphila polygyna'' Maas - Colombia, French Guiana * '' Sciaphila purpurea'' Benth. - Brazil, Venezuela, Guyana, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru * '' Sciaphila quadribullifera'' J.J.Sm. - New Guinea * '' Sciaphila ramosa'' Fukuy. & T.Suzuki - Hong Kong, Taiwan, Bonin Islands * '' Sciaphila rubra'' Maas - Brazil, Venezuela * '' Sciaphila schwackeana'' Johow - Brazil * '' Sciaphila secundiflora'' Thwaites ex Benth. - China, Japan, Bonin Islands, Philippines, Malaysia, Borneo, Sumatra, New Guinea, Bismarck Archipelago, Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka * '' Sciaphila stellata'' Aver. - Guangxi, Vietnam * '' Sciaphila sugimotoi'' Suetsugu & T.Nishioka - Japan * '' Sciaphila tenella'' Blume - Sri Lanka, Kyushu, southern China, Thailand, Borneo, Sumatra, Malaysia, Java, Sulawesi, Maluku, New Guinea, Bismarck Archipelago, Solomon Islands * '' Sciaphila thaidanica'' K.Larsen - Thailand * '' Sciaphila wariana'' (Schltr.) Meerend - Papua New Guinea * '' Sciaphila winkleri'' Schltr. - Borneo, New Guinea * '' Sciaphila yakushimensis'' Suetsugu - Yakushima

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q2889177 Pandanales genera Parasitic plants Triuridaceae