Salticinae is a
subfamily
In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end subfamily botanical names with "-oideae", and zoologi ...
of
jumping spider
Jumping spiders are a group of spiders that constitute the family Salticidae. As of 2019, this family contained over 600 described genera and over 6,000 described species, making it the largest family of spiders at 13% of all species. Jumping spi ...
s (family Salticidae). It includes over 90% of the known species of jumping spiders.
[ The subfamily is divided into two unranked clades: Amycoida and Salticoida.][
]
Description
Members of the subfamily Salticinae have a number of features in common that distinguish them from the remaining salticids. Females lack a tarsal claw on the pedipalp
Pedipalps (commonly shortened to palps or palpi) are the second pair of appendages of chelicerates – a group of arthropods including spiders, scorpions, horseshoe crabs, and sea spiders. The pedipalps are lateral to the chelicerae ("jaws") an ...
. The palpal bulb
The two palpal bulbs – also known as palpal organs and genital bulbs – are the copulatory organs of a male spider. They are borne on the last segment of the pedipalps (the front "limbs" of a spider), giving the spider an appearance often des ...
of male basal salticids has a distinctive median apophysis, which is absent in the subfamily, and the cymbium is constricted at the tibial joint. Members also have a more complex tracheal system, which may be connected with their movements, which are more abrupt than other salticids, giving them a recognizable gait.[
]
Taxonomy
Phylogeny
The relationships among the basal salticids are not yet fully resolved; summary cladograms published in both 2014 and 2015 show unresolved branching for five basal subfamilies. However, Hisponinae is resolved as sister to Salticinae, which is the most derived subfamily.[
]
Classification
In 2015, Wayne Maddison divided the subfamily into 27 tribes with a total of about 540 extant genera. The tribes were grouped into a number of clades.[
Subfamily Salticinae
:clade Amycoida – 9 tribes
:clade Salticoida – 18 tribes in total, most grouped into 3 subclades:
::basal – 2 tribes
::Astioida – 5 tribes
::Marpissoida – 3 tribes
::Saltafresia – 8 tribes
]
References
{{Taxonbar, from=Q101234
Salticidae
Spider subfamilies