hu, Jakab és Komor téri zsinagóga, Szabadka , image = Synagogue in Subotica.jpg , alt = , caption = Subotica Synagogue in 2020, after renovation , map_type =Serbia , map_size = , location = Subotica-Szabadka, Jakab and Komor Square , coordinates = , religious_affiliation =

Neolog Judaism Neologs ( hu, neológ irányzat, "Neolog faction") are one of the two large communal organizations among Hungarian Jews, Hungarian Jewry. Socially, the liberal and modernist Neologs had been more inclined toward integration into Hungarian society ...

, rite = , region = , state = , province = , territory = , prefecture = , sector = , district = , cercle = , municipality = , consecration_year = 1901 , status = , functional_status = , heritage_designation = , leadership = , website = , architecture = , architect = , architecture_type = , architecture_style = Hungarian Art Nouveau , general_contractor = Komor Marcell & Jakab Dezső , facade_direction = , groundbreaking = , year_completed = 1903 , construction_cost = , specifications = , capacity = , length = , width = , width_nave = , height_max = , dome_quantity = , dome_height_outer = , dome_height_inner = , dome_dia_outer = , dome_dia_inner = , spire_quantity = , spire_height = , materials = , nrhp = , added = , refnum = , embedded = , designation1 = Serbia , designation1_type= Cultural Monument of Exceptional Importance , designation1_offname = , designation1_date = 1975 , designation1_number
СК 1035
The Jakab and Komor Square Synagogue in Subotica is a Hungarian Art Nouveau synagogue in

Subotica Subotica ( sr-cyrl, Суботица, ; hu, Szabadka) is a List of cities in Serbia, city and the administrative center of the North Bačka District in the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia. Formerly the largest city of Vojvodina region, ...

, Serbia. It is the second largest synagogue in Europe after the Dohány Street Synagogue in Budapest. It was built in 1901-1902 during the administration of the Kingdom of Hungary (part of Austria-Hungary), according to the plans of

Marcell Komor Marcell may refer to: * Joseph Marcell, an actor from St. Lucia * Marcell, Minnesota, an unincorporated town * Marcell Township, Minnesota See also * Marcel (disambiguation) * Marcelle (disambiguation) * Marcelling Marcelling is a hair styli ...

and

Dezső Jakab Dezső Jakab (4 November 1864 – 5 August 1932) was a Hungarian architect of Jewish heritage. Life He received his degree in architecture from the Budapest University of Technology. At the time of the millennial exhibition, the Ministry of A ...

replacing a smaller and less elaborate synagogue. It is one of the finest surviving pieces of religious architecture in the art nouveau style. It served the local

Neolog Neologs ( hu, neológ irányzat, "Neolog faction") are one of the two large communal organizations among Hungarian Jews, Hungarian Jewry. Socially, the liberal and modernist Neologs had been more inclined toward integration into Hungarian society ...

community. In 1974 the synagogue was designated a Monument of Culture; in 1990 it was designated a

Monument of Culture of Exceptional Importance Immovable Cultural Heritage of Exceptional Importance ( sr, Непокретна културна добра од изузетног значаја/) are those objects of Immovable cultural heritage that enjoy the highest level of state protection ...

, and it is protected by Republic of Serbia. The synagogue has long been plagued by conservation issues, though a decade-long partnership between the government and World Monuments Fund that ended in 2010 rendered the building watertight after years of water infiltration. Work on the restoration of the facades is the next phase of work on the synagogue.

Overview

The synagogue of Subotica is the only surviving Hungarian art nouveau Jewish place of worship in the world. Erected by a prosperous Jewish community of some 3000 souls between 1901 and 1903, it highlights the double, Hungarian-Jewish identity of its builders, who lived in a multi-ethnic, but predominantly Catholic city, which was the third largest of the Hungarian Kingdom and the tenth largest of the Habsburg Empire. The community hired a not-yet established tandem of Hungarian art nouveau architects from Budapest, Dezső Jakab and Marcell Komor, who would later make a great imprint on the architecture of Subotica and Palić, the resort town near the city. The architects were ardent followers of Ödön Lechner, the father of Hungarian art nouveau style architecture, and later partisans of this movement, which unified Hungarian folklore elements with some Jewish structural principles and sometimes even Jewish motifs. Besides lending the synagogue a distinct double identity in architectural terms, Jakab and Komor created a new space-conception of synagogue architecture in Hungary and deployed modern steel structure as well as an advanced technique of vaulting. Unlike period synagogues in Hungary that featured a predominantly basilica-like arrangement with a nave and two aisles, with or without a dome, this synagogue achieves a unified, tent-like central space under the sun, painted in gold on the apex of the dome. The women’s gallery and the dome are supported by four pairs of steel pillars covered with gypsum with a palm leaf relief. The large dome is a self-supporting, 3-5 centimeters thin shell-structure, formed in the spirit of Hungarian folklore. While many other synagogues have utilized light structures, they usually mimicked traditional arches and vaults. The novelty of this synagogue is the sincere display of modern structure and modernity in general, of which Jews have been important advocates and generators. The synagogue was fully renovated in multi-million renovation project financed mainly by Hungarian and Serbian government and opened in march 2018 }

External links

* Facebook site: https://www.facebook.com/synagogue24000 * https://web.archive.org/web/20080514013503/http://www.duke.edu/religion/graphic/subotica.html * https://web.archive.org/web/20071028030928/http://www.bh.org.il/swj/general.php?places=31&language=1

References

{{Cultural Heritage of Exceptional Importance Buildings and structures in Subotica Synagogues in Serbia Religious buildings and structures in Vojvodina Neolog Judaism synagogues Jewish Serbian history Architecture in Serbia Art Nouveau synagogues Cultural Monuments of Exceptional Importance (Serbia) Art Nouveau architecture in Serbia Synagogues completed in 1903 7 Most Endangered Programme