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Stratasys, Ltd. is an American-Israeli manufacturer of
3D printer 3D printing, or additive manufacturing, is the construction of a three-dimensional object from a CAD model or a digital 3D model. It can be done in a variety of processes in which material is deposited, joined or solidified under computer ...
s, software, and materials for polymer
additive manufacturing 3D printing, or additive manufacturing, is the construction of a three-dimensional object from a CAD model or a digital 3D model. It can be done in a variety of processes in which material is deposited, joined or solidified under computer ...
as well as 3D-printed parts on-demand. The company is incorporated in Israel. Engineers use Stratasys systems to model complex geometries in a wide range of
polymer A polymer () is a chemical substance, substance or material that consists of very large molecules, or macromolecules, that are constituted by many repeat unit, repeating subunits derived from one or more species of monomers. Due to their br ...
materials, including: ABS, polyphenylsulfone (PPSF),
polycarbonate Polycarbonates (PC) are a group of thermoplastic polymers containing carbonate ester, carbonate groups in their chemical structures. Polycarbonates used in engineering are strong, toughness, tough materials, and some grades are optically transp ...
(PC) and
polyetherimide Polyetherimide (PEI; branded as Ultem) is an amorphous, amber-to-transparent thermoplastic with characteristics similar to the related plastic PEEK. When comparing PEI to PEEK, the former is cheaper but has lower impact strength and a tighter te ...
and Nylon 12. Stratasys manufactures in-office prototyping and direct digital manufacturing systems for automotive, aerospace, industrial, recreational, electronic, medical and consumer product OEMs.


History

Stratasys was founded in 1989, by S. Scott Crump and his wife Lisa Crump in
Eden Prairie, Minnesota Eden Prairie is a city in Hennepin County, Minnesota, United States. It had a population of 64,198 at the 2020 census, making it the 16th-largest city in Minnesota. The city is adjacent to the north bank of the Minnesota River, upstream fro ...
. The idea for the technology came to Crump in 1988 when he decided to make a toy frog for his young daughter using a
glue gun Hot-melt adhesive (HMA), also known as hot glue, is a form of thermoplastic adhesive that is commonly sold as solid cylindrical sticks of various diameters designed to be applied using a hot glue gun. The gun uses a continuous-duty heating elem ...
loaded with a mixture of polyethylene and
candle A candle is an ignitable candle wick, wick embedded in wax, or another flammable solid substance such as tallow, that provides light, and in some cases, a Aroma compound, fragrance. A candle can also provide heat or a method of keeping time. ...
wax. He thought of creating the shape layer by layer and of a way to automate the process. In April 1992, Stratasys sold its first product, the 3D Modeler. In October 1994, Stratasys had an
initial public offering An initial public offering (IPO) or stock launch is a public offering in which shares of a company are sold to institutional investors and usually also to retail (individual) investors. An IPO is typically underwritten by one or more investm ...
on
Nasdaq The Nasdaq Stock Market (; National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations) is an American stock exchange based in New York City. It is the most active stock trading venue in the U.S. by volume, and ranked second on the list ...
; the company sold 1.38 million shares of
common stock Common stock is a form of corporate equity ownership, a type of security. The terms voting share and ordinary share are also used frequently outside of the United States. They are known as equity shares or ordinary shares in the UK and other C ...
at $5 per share, netting approximately $5.7 million. In January 1995, Stratasys purchased
IBM International Business Machines Corporation (using the trademark IBM), nicknamed Big Blue, is an American Multinational corporation, multinational technology company headquartered in Armonk, New York, and present in over 175 countries. It is ...
's
rapid prototyping Rapid prototyping is a group of techniques used to quickly fabricate a scale model of a physical part or assembly using three-dimensional computer aided design ( CAD) data. Construction of the part or assembly is usually done using 3D printing ...
intellectual property and other assets and employed 16 former IBM engineers, who had been developing a small 3-D printer that relied on an
extrusion Extrusion is a process used to create objects of a fixed cross section (geometry), cross-sectional profile by pushing material through a Die (manufacturing), die of the desired cross-section. Its two main advantages over other manufacturing pro ...
system very similar to Crump's patented
fused deposition modeling Fused filament fabrication (FFF), also known as fused deposition modeling (with the trademarked acronym FDM), or ''filament freeform fabrication'', is a 3D printing process that uses a continuous filament of a thermoplastic material. Filament is ...
(FDM) technology. In 2003, Stratasys
fused deposition modeling Fused filament fabrication (FFF), also known as fused deposition modeling (with the trademarked acronym FDM), or ''filament freeform fabrication'', is a 3D printing process that uses a continuous filament of a thermoplastic material. Filament is ...
(FDM) was the best-selling rapid prototyping technology. FDM is a process that the company patented, which is used to produce three-dimensional parts directly from 3D
CAD Computer-aided design (CAD) is the use of computers (or ) to aid in the creation, modification, analysis, or optimization of a design. This software is used to increase the productivity of the designer, improve the quality of design, improve c ...
files layer-by-layer for use in design verification, prototyping, development and manufacturing. In 2007, Stratasys supplied 44% of all additive fabrication systems installed worldwide, making it the unit market leader for the sixth consecutive year. In January 2010, Stratasys signed an agreement with HP to manufacture HP-branded
3D printer 3D printing, or additive manufacturing, is the construction of a three-dimensional object from a CAD model or a digital 3D model. It can be done in a variety of processes in which material is deposited, joined or solidified under computer ...
s. In August 2012, the HP manufacturing and distribution agreement was discontinued. In May 2011, Stratasys announced that they had acquired
Solidscape Solidscape, Inc. is a company that designs, develops and manufactures 3D printers for rapid prototyping and rapid manufacturing, able to print solid models created in CAD. History Solidscape was founded under the name Sanders Prototype, Inc. ...
, a leader in high-precision 3D printers for lost wax casting applications. In 2012,
Defense Distributed Defense Distributed is an online, open-source hardware and software organization that develops digital schematics of firearms in CAD files, or "wiki weapons", that may be downloaded from the Internet and used in 3D printing or CNC, CNC milling a ...
, an unrelated project to produce a working firearm by 3D printing, was intended to use a Stratasys printer. Stratasys refused to permit this and withdrew its license for use of the printer, citing that it did not allow its printers "to be used for illegal purposes". In 2014 the Israeli fashion designer Noa Raviv featured grid pattern centered couture garments which were created employing Stratasys' 3D printing technology. Some selections from the aforementioned collection were exhibited in 2016 at the exhibition "Manus X Machina" at the
Anna Wintour Costume Center The Anna Wintour Costume Center is a wing of the Metropolitan Museum of Art main building in Manhattan that houses the collection of the Costume Institute, a curatorial department of the museum focused on fashion and costume design. The center i ...
at
New York City New York, often called New York City (NYC), is the most populous city in the United States, located at the southern tip of New York State on one of the world's largest natural harbors. The city comprises five boroughs, each coextensive w ...
's
Metropolitan Museum of Art The Metropolitan Museum of Art, colloquially referred to as the Met, is an Encyclopedic museum, encyclopedic art museum in New York City. By floor area, it is the List of largest museums, third-largest museum in the world and the List of larg ...
. In 2019, the J750 model was recognized as the Enterprise 3D Printer of the Year in the polymer printer category at the 2019 3D Printing Industry Awards in London, England. In May 2023, Stratasys agreed to combine with
Desktop Metal Desktop Metal, Inc. is a public American technology company that designs and markets 3D printing systems. Headquartered in Burlington, Massachusetts, the company has raised $438 million in venture funding since its founding from investors such ...
in an all-stock transaction worth at $1.8billion, in which existing Stratasys shareholders will own around 59percent of the combined company. Prior to, and following the acquisition announcement, Stratasys received multiple unsolicited bids to be acquired by part-owner Nano Dimensions, and in June, received another offer for $1.2billion from its competitor
3D Systems 3D Systems Corporation is an American company based in Rock Hill, South Carolina, that engineers, manufactures, and sells 3D printers, 3D printing materials, 3D printed parts, and application engineering services. The company creates product c ...
. Stratasys terminated the acquisition in September after its shareholders voted against the Desktop Metal acquisition as both major
proxy advisor A proxy firm (also a proxy advisor, proxy adviser, proxy voting agency, vote service provider or shareholder voting research provider or proxy voting advisory businesses (PVABs)) provides services to shareholders (in most cases an institutional inv ...
y firms
Glass Lewis Glass, Lewis & Co. (Glass Lewis) is a major American proxy advisory services company. As of spring 2019, Glass Lewis controlled 28% of the proxy advisory market for mutual funds; this makes it the second-largest company in the market behind Inst ...
and
Institutional Shareholder Services Institutional Shareholder Services Inc. (ISS) is an American proxy advisory firm. Hedge funds, mutual funds and similar organizations that own shares of multiple companies pay ISS to advise (and often vote their shares) regarding share holder v ...
recommended against the deal. In August 2024, Stratasys filed a suit against Chinese 3D printing company Bambu Lab, alleging patent infringement.


Mergers and acquisitions

On April 16, 2012, Stratasys announced that it agreed to
merge Merge, merging, or merger may refer to: Concepts * Merge (traffic), the reduction of the number of lanes on a road * Merge (linguistics), a basic syntactic operation in generative syntax in the Minimalist Program * Merger (politics), the comb ...
with privately held Objet Ltd., a leading manufacturer of
3D printer 3D printing, or additive manufacturing, is the construction of a three-dimensional object from a CAD model or a digital 3D model. It can be done in a variety of processes in which material is deposited, joined or solidified under computer ...
s based in
Rehovot Rehovot (, / ) is a city in the Central District (Israel), Central District of Israel, about south of Tel Aviv. In it had a population of . Etymology Israel Belkind, founder of the Bilu (movement), Bilu movement, proposed the name "Rehovot ...
,
Israel Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a country in West Asia. It Borders of Israel, shares borders with Lebanon to the north, Syria to the north-east, Jordan to the east, Egypt to the south-west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the west. Isr ...
, in an all-stock transaction. Stratasys
shareholders A shareholder (in the United States often referred to as stockholder) of corporate stock refers to an individual or legal entity (such as another corporation, a body politic, a trust or partnership) that is registered by the corporation as the ...
were expected to own 55 percent of the combined company, and Objet shareholders would own 45 percent. The merger was completed on December 3, 2012; the
market capitalization Market capitalization, sometimes referred to as market cap, is the total value of a publicly traded company's outstanding common shares owned by stockholders. Market capitalization is equal to the market price per common share multiplied by ...
of the new company was approximately $3.0 billion. On June 19, 2013,
MakerBot Industries MakerBot Industries, LLC was an American desktop 3D printer manufacturer company headquartered in New York City. It was founded in January 2009 by Bre Pettis, Adam Mayer, and Zach "Hoeken" Smith to build on the early progress of the RepRap Projec ...
announced that it was purchased by Stratasys for $403 million. On April 2, 2014, Stratasys announced that they had entered into definitive agreements to acquire Solid Concepts and Harvest Technologies, which will be combined with RedEye, its existing digital manufacturing service business, to establish a single additive manufacturing services business unit. The acquisition was finalized on July 15, 2014. In February 2016, Stratasys announced an investment in Israeli company Massivit to promote and deploy Massivit 3D's proprietary super-sized 3D printing solutions. On November 4, 2016, Inkbit announced that Stratasys led an equity funding round with DSM Venturing to propel production of its Vision-based, artificial intelligence additive manufacturing platform. On December 9, 2020, Stratasys announced a deal to acquire San Francisco-based Origin for $100 million. The acquisition was finalized on December 31, 2020. On April 27, 2021, Stratasys announced the Stratasys Origin One, an updated version of the Origin One 3D Printer targeted towards production applications. In 2021, Stratasys acquired the outstanding shares of Xaar 3D, which Stratasys purchased from
Xaar Xaar (14 March 1995 – 16 May 2021) was a British-bred Thoroughbred racehorse and sire (horse), sire, best known for his performances as a two-year-old in 1997. In his juvenile season, he won four of his five races, including the Prix de Cabou ...
. Xaar 3D provides 3D printers using SAF Selective Absorption Fusion technology, a type of powder bed fusion. This technology is designed to 3D print polymer production parts at volume. The first printer used the technology is called the H350. In 2021, Stratasys announced the acquisition of RP Support Ltd. (RPS), which makes large
stereolithography Stereolithography (SLA or SL; also known as vat photopolymerisation, optical fabrication, photo-solidification, or resin printing) is a form of 3D printing technology used for creating models, prototypes, patterns, and production parts in a laye ...
3D printers. On May 12, 2022,
MakerBot MakerBot Industries, LLC was an American desktop 3D printer manufacturer company headquartered in New York City. It was founded in January 2009 by Bre Pettis, Adam Mayer, and Zach "Hoeken" Smith to build on the early progress of the RepRap Projec ...
and
Ultimaker Ultimaker is a 3D printer manufacturing company based in the Netherlands, with offices and assembly lines in the US. They make fused filament fabrication 3D printers, develop 3D printing software, and sell branded 3D printing materials. Their pro ...
announced plans to merge. The new single company is to be backed by NPM Capital and MakerBot-owner Stratasys and co-led by existing CEOs Nadav Goshen and Jürgen von Hollen. In October 2022, Stratasys acquired the
Berkeley Berkeley most often refers to: *Berkeley, California, a city in the United States **University of California, Berkeley, a public university in Berkeley, California *George Berkeley (1685–1753), Anglo-Irish philosopher Berkeley may also refer to ...
-headquartered quality assurance software company Riven.


3D car production systems

In 2014, Stratasys prototyped an electric car with fully 3D-printed exterior panels, and a few printed interior parts. Development took one year, and parts were constructed using a Stratasys Objet1000.


Urbee

Urbee is the first car in the world manufactured using additive manufacturing technology (its bodywork and
car window The windshield (American English and Canadian English) or windscreen (Commonwealth English) of an aircraft, car, bus, motorbike, truck, train, boat or tram, streetcar is the front window, which provides visibility while protecting occupants f ...
s were "printed"). Created in 2010, through a partnership with the Canadian engineering group KOR Ecologic, it is a
hybrid vehicle A hybrid vehicle is one that uses two or more distinct types of power, such as submarines that use diesel when surfaced and batteries when submerged. Other means to store energy include pressurized fluid in hydraulic hybrids. Hybrid powertrai ...
with a futuristic look.3D Printed Car Creator Discusses Future of the Urbee
YouTube


See also

*
List of 3D printed weapons and parts The table below lists noteworthy 3D-printed weapons (mainly 3D-printed firearms) and parts. List of weapons and parts Legend Entire firearms Receivers and frames Receiver and frame are the parts that are legally considered a firearm and mu ...
*
List of 3D printer manufacturers This is a list of notable manufacturers of 3D printers. 3D printers are a type of robots that are able to print 3D models using successive layers of raw materials. 0–9 * 3D makeR Technologies – Barranquilla, Colombia * 3D Systems – Ro ...
*
Open Design Alliance Open Design Alliance is a nonprofit organization creating software development kits (SDKs) for engineering applications. ODA offers interoperability tools for CAD, BIM, and Mechanical industries including .dwg, .dxf, .dgn, Autodesk Revit, Aut ...
and .dwg *
Patent troll In international law and business, patent trolling or patent hoarding is a categorical or pejorative term applied to a person or company that attempts to enforce patent rights against accused infringers far beyond the patent's actual value or ...
* STL


References

{{Minnesota Corporations Companies based in Eden Prairie, Minnesota 3D printer companies 1989 establishments in Minnesota Manufacturing companies based in Minnesota Electronics companies established in 1989 Fused filament fabrication Companies listed on the Nasdaq 1994 initial public offerings Tax inversions