''Stomatia'', common name the keeled wide mouths, is a

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

sea snail Sea snails are slow-moving marine (ocean), marine gastropod Mollusca, molluscs, usually with visible external shells, such as whelk or abalone. They share the Taxonomic classification, taxonomic class Gastropoda with slugs, which are distinguishe ...

s, marine

gastropod Gastropods (), commonly known as slugs and snails, belong to a large Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, freshwater, and fro ...

mollusk Mollusca is a phylum of protostomic invertebrate animals, whose members are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 76,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized, making it the second-largest animal phylum after Arthropoda. The ...

s in the

family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...

Trochidae The Trochidae, common name top-snails or top-shells, are a family of various sized sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the subclass Vetigastropoda. This family is commonly known as the top-snails because in many species the shell resembles ...

, the top snails.

Description

The spiral shell is oblong or depressed orbicular. The

spire A spire is a tall, slender, pointed structure on top of a roof of a building or tower, especially at the summit of church steeples. A spire may have a square, circular, or polygonal plan, with a roughly conical or pyramidal shape. Spire ...

is prominent but short. The surface is tubercled or keeled. The

whorl A whorl ( or ) is an individual circle, oval, volution or equivalent in a whorled pattern, which consists of a spiral or multiple concentric objects (including circles, ovals and arcs). In nature File:Photograph and axial plane floral diagra ...

s show a series of short folds below the suture. The

aperture In optics, the aperture of an optical system (including a system consisting of a single lens) is the hole or opening that primarily limits light propagated through the system. More specifically, the entrance pupil as the front side image o ...

is either oblong or transversely oval, and longer than wide or the reverse. The interior of the shell is nacreous. There is no operculum. ''Stomatia'' is closely allied to ''

Stomatella ''Stomatella'' is a genus of small to medium-sized sea snails, marine (ocean), marine gastropod mollusks in the family (biology), family Trochidae, the top snails and their allies. Lamarck in the Philos. Zool., 1809, mentioned the genus as "Stom ...

'', differing in the generally more elongated shell with a series of short folds or puckers below the sutures. Usually the

body whorl The body whorl is part of the morphology (biology), morphology of the gastropod shell, shell in those gastropod mollusks that possess a coiled shell. The term is also sometimes used in a similar way to describe the shell of a cephalopod mollusk ...

has a tuberculous carina. The animal is too large to entirely enter the shell. The foot is large, fleshy, tubercular, greatly produced posteriorly. The epipodium is fringed, with a more prominent fimbriated lobe behind the left tentacle, and on the right there is a slightly projecting fold or gutter leading to the respiratory cavity. There are digitated intertentacular lobes.

Distribution

This marine genus occurs in tropical Indo-West Pacific,

Oceania Oceania ( , ) is a region, geographical region including Australasia, Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia. Outside of the English-speaking world, Oceania is generally considered a continent, while Mainland Australia is regarded as its co ...

Korea Korea is a peninsular region in East Asia consisting of the Korean Peninsula, Jeju Island, and smaller islands. Since the end of World War II in 1945, it has been politically Division of Korea, divided at or near the 38th parallel north, 3 ...

and

Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising mainland Australia, the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and list of islands of Australia, numerous smaller isl ...

Species

Species within the genus ''Stomatia'' include: * '' Stomatia decussata'' A. Adams, 1850 * '' Stomatia phymotis'' (Hebling, 1779) * '' Stomatia splendidula'' A. Adams, 1855 The Indo-Pacific Molluscan Database also mentions the following species * '' Stomatia acuminata'' A. Adams, 1850 * ''

Stomatia sulcata ''Stomatia'', common name the keeled wide mouths, is a genus of sea snails, marine (ocean), marine gastropod mollusks in the family (biology), family Trochidae, the top snails. Description The spiral shell is oblong or depressed orbicular. The S ...

'' (Lamarck, 1816) (synonyms: ''

Stomatolina rubra ''Stomatolina rubra'', common name the red stomatolina, is a species of small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails. Description The size of the shell varies between 8 mm and 18 mm. The depresse ...

'' (Lamarck, 1822), ''Stomatella sulcata'' Lamarck, 1816 and ''Stomatia sculpturata'' Preston, 1914) ;Species brought into synonymy: * ''Stomatia angulata'' A. Adams, 1850: synonym of ''

Stomatolina angulata ''Stomatolina angulata'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.Bouchet, P. (2012). ''Stomatolina angulata'' (A. Adams, 1850). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://w ...

'' (A. Adams, 1850) * ''Stomatia australis'' A. Adams, 1850: synonym of '' Stomatia phymotis'' Helbling, 1779 * ''Stomatia azonea'' Brusina, 1865: synonym of ''

Megalomphalus azoneus ''Megalomphalus azoneus'' is a species of very small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Vanikoridae Vanikoridae is a family of small to medium-sized sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the superfamily Vanikoroidea. ...

'' (Brusina, 1865) * ''Stomatia depressa'' Sowerby, 1874: synonym of

Stomatolina sanguinea ''Stomatolina sanguinea'' is a species of small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.Marshall, B. (2013). Stomatolina sanguinea (A. Adams, 1850). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http ...

(A. Adams, 1850) * ''Stomatia duplicata'' G.B. Sowerby I, 1823: synonym of ''

Stomatella duplicata ''Stomatella duplicata'' is a species of sea snail, a marine (ocean), marine gastropod mollusk in the family (biology), family Trochidae, the top snails.Bouchet, P. (2012). ''Stomatella duplicata'' (G. B. Sowerby I, 1823). Accessed through: Worl ...

'' (G. B. Sowerby I, 1823) * ''Stomatia kutschigi'' Brusina, 1865: synonym of ''

Fossarus ambiguus ''Fossarus ambiguus'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Planaxidae. Distribution Description The maximum recorded shell Shell may refer to: Architecture and design * Shell (structure), a thin structure ...

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) * ''Stomatia obscurata'' Lamarck, 1822: synonym of '' Stomatia phymotis'' Helbling, 1779 * ''Stomatia picta'' d'Orbigny, 1847: synonym of '' Synaptocochlea picta'' (d'Orbigny, 1847) * ''Stomatia planulata'' Schepman, 1908: synonym of ''

Microtis tuberculata ''Microtis tuberculata'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.Bouchet, P. (2012). ''Microtis tuberculata''. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies. ...

'' A. Adams, 1850 * ''Stomatia (Microtis) heckeliana'' Crosse, 1871: synonym of ''

'' A. Adams, 1850 * ''Stomatia (Miraconcha) obscura'' Sowerby, G.B. III, 1874: synonym of '' Stomatia phymotis'' (Hebling, 1779)

References

* Helbling, 1779: Abhandlungen einer Privatgesellschaft in Böhmen zur Aufnahme der Mathematik, der vaterländischen Geschichte und der Naturgeschichte, 4: 124 * Higo, S., Callomon, P. & Goto, Y. (2001) ''Catalogue and Bibliography of the Marine Shell-Bearing Mollusca of Japan''. Gastropoda Bivalvia Polyplacophora Scaphopoda Type Figures. Elle Scientific Publications, Yao, Japan, 208 pp. {{Taxonbar, from=Q7618727 Trochidae Gastropod genera