Stomatella Caledonica
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''Stomatella'' is a
genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...
of small to medium-sized
sea snail Sea snails are slow-moving marine (ocean), marine gastropod Mollusca, molluscs, usually with visible external shells, such as whelk or abalone. They share the Taxonomic classification, taxonomic class Gastropoda with slugs, which are distinguishe ...
s, marine
gastropod Gastropods (), commonly known as slugs and snails, belong to a large Taxonomy (biology), taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, freshwater, and fro ...
mollusk Mollusca is a phylum of protostomic invertebrate animals, whose members are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 76,000  extant species of molluscs are recognized, making it the second-largest animal phylum after Arthropoda. The ...
s in the
family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...
Trochidae The Trochidae, common name top-snails or top-shells, are a family of various sized sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the subclass Vetigastropoda. This family is commonly known as the top-snails because in many species the shell resembles ...
, the top snails and their allies.
Lamarck Jean-Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet, chevalier de Lamarck (1 August 1744 – 18 December 1829), often known simply as Lamarck (; ), was a French naturalist, biologist, academic, and soldier. He was an early proponent of the idea that biolo ...
in the Philos. Zool., 1809, mentioned the genus as "Stomatelle" but did not describe the genus, nor did he cite any species. He cited the genus in Anim. s. Vert. vol. vi, p. 209, 1819. with as first species ''Stomatella imbricata'' (now a synonym of '' Granata imbricata'' (Lamarck, 1816) ) According to the Nomenclator Zoologicus of ubio.org

the authorship should be attributed to
Rafinesque Constantine Samuel Rafinesque-Schmaltz (; 22 October 178318 September 1840) was a French early 19th-century polymath born near Constantinople in the Ottoman Empire and self-educated in France. He traveled as a young man in the United States, ult ...
., who Latinized the name to ''Stomatella''.


Description

The spiral, orbicularly depressed shell is imperforate. The conical
spire A spire is a tall, slender, pointed structure on top of a roof of a building or tower, especially at the summit of church steeples. A spire may have a square, circular, or polygonal plan, with a roughly conical or pyramidal shape. Spire ...
is elevated but short. The
whorl A whorl ( or ) is an individual circle, oval, volution or equivalent in a whorled pattern, which consists of a spiral or multiple concentric objects (including circles, ovals and arcs). In nature File:Photograph and axial plane floral diagra ...
s are rounded but not plicate below the sutures. The last whorl forms the greater part of the shell. The variegated surface is spirally ribbed. The large
aperture In optics, the aperture of an optical system (including a system consisting of a single lens) is the hole or opening that primarily limits light propagated through the system. More specifically, the entrance pupil as the front side image o ...
is wider than the long, nacreous interior. The horny operculum is circular and multispiral. The foot is truncated posteriorly. There are no epipodial tentacles.


Species

Species within the genus ''Stomatella'' include: * '' Stomatella auricula'' Lamarck, 1816 * '' Stomatella caledonica'' (Crosse, 1871) * '' Stomatella callosa'' (P. Fischer, 1871) * '' Stomatella capieri'' Poppe, Tagaro & Dekker, 2006 * '' Stomatella duplicata'' (G. B. Sowerby I, 1823) * '' Stomatella elegans'' Gray, 1847 * '' Stomatella esperanzae'' Rehder, 1980 * '' Stomatella gattegnoi'' Poppe, Tagaro & Dekker, 2006 * '' Stomatella haliotiformis'' Kuroda & Habe, 1961 * '' Stomatella illusa'' Iredale, 1940 * '' Stomatella impertusa'' (Burrow, 1815) * † '' Stomatella incola'' (Cotton, 1947) * '' Stomatella lintricula'' (A. Adams, 1850) * '' Stomatella modesta'' H. Adams & A. Adams, 1864 * '' Stomatella monteiroi'' Poppe, Tagaro & Dekker, 2006 * '' Stomatella oliveri'' (Iredale, 1912) * '' Stomatella ornata'' (A. Adams, 1850) * ''
Stomatella pallida ''Stomatella'' is a genus of small to medium-sized sea snails, marine (ocean), marine gastropod mollusks in the family (biology), family Trochidae, the top snails and their allies. Lamarck in the Philos. Zool., 1809, mentioned the genus as "Stom ...
'' (A. Adams, 1850) * '' Stomatella planulata'' (Lamarck, 1816) * '' Stomatella plumbea'' (A. Adams, 1850) * '' Stomatella striatula'' (A. Adams, 1850) * '' Stomatella terminalis'' (Verco, 1905) * '' Stomatella ungula'' (Hedley, 1907) ; Taxa inquirenda: * ''Stomatella candida'' (A. Adams, 1850) * ''Stomatella costellata'' A. Adams, 1850 * ''Stomatella crassa'' Montrouzier in Souverbie & Montrouzier, 1870 * ''Stomatella dilecta'' G. B. Sowerby II, 1874 (use in recent literature currently undocumented) * ''Stomatella elata'' H. Adams & A. Adams, 1864 * ''Stomatella laevis'' (Pease, 1868) * ''Stomatella nigra'' Anton, 1838 (nomen dubium, invalid; not Quoy & Gaimard, 1834) * ''Stomatella rosacea'' (Pease, 1868) * ''Stomatella sulcata'' Lamarck, 1816 * ''Stomatella ziczac'' (Preston, 1905) ;Species brought into synonymy: * ''Stomatella (Synaptocochlea)'' Pilsbry, 1890: synonym of '' Synaptocochlea'' Pilsbry, 1890 * ''Stomatella (Synaptocochlea) crassa'' Montrouzier in Souverbie & Montrouzier, 1870: synonym of ''Stomatella crassa'' Montrouzier in Souverbie & Montrouzier, 1870 * ''Stomatella arabica'' A. Adams, 1854: synonym of '' Stomatolina arabica'' (A. Adams, 1854) (original combination) * ''Stomatella articulata'' A. Adams, 1850: synonym of '' Granata sulcifera'' (Lamarck, 1822) * ''Stomatella asperulata'' (A. Adams, 1850): synonym of '' Synaptocochlea asperulata'' (A. Adams, 1850) (superseded combination) * ''Stomatella auriculata'': synonym of ''Stomatella auricula'' Lamarck, 1816 * ''Stomatella baconi'' A. Adams, 1850: synonym of '' Pseudostomatella baconi'' (A. Adams, 1854) * ''Stomatella bicarinata'' A. Adams, 1854: synonym of '' Notogibbula bicarinata'' (A. Adams, 1854) (original combination) * ''Stomatella biporcata'' A. Adams, 1850: synonym of '' Gibbula multicolor'' (F. Krauss, 1848) * ''Stomatella caliginosa'' H. Adams & A. Adams, 1864: synonym of '' Synaptocochlea caliginosa'' (H. Adams & A. Adams, 1864) (original combination) * ''Stomatella calliostoma'' A. Adams, 1850: synonym of '' Stomatolina calliostoma'' (A. Adams, 1850) * ''Stomatella cancellata'' Krauss, 1848: synonym of '' Hybochelus cancellatus'' (Krauss, 1848) * ''Stomatella clathratula'' A. Adams in H. & A. Adams, 1854: synonym of '' Pseudostomatella clathratula'' (A. Adams, 1854) * ''Stomatella coccinea'' A. Adams, 1850: synonym of '' Pseudostomatella coccinea'' (A. Adams, 1850) * ''Stomatella compta'' A. Adams, 1855: synonym of '' Stomatolina compta'' (A. Adams, 1855) (original combination) * ''Stomatella concinna'' Gould, 1845: synonym of '' Synaptocochlea concinna'' (Gould, 1845) * ''Stomatella crenulata'' Preston, 1908: synonym of '' Stomatolina crenulata'' (Preston, 1908) (original combination) * ''Stomatella cumingii'' A. Adams, 1854: synonym of '' Granata cumingii'' (A. Adams, 1854) * ''Stomatella decolorata'' Gould, 1848: synonym of '' Pseudostomatella decolorata'' (Gould, 1848) * ''Stomatella decorata'' A. Adams, 1854: synonym of '' Pseudostomatella decorata'' (A. Adams, 1855) (nomen nudum) * ''Stomatella delicata'' H. Adams & A. Adams, 1864: synonym of ''
Pseudostomatella erythrocoma ''Pseudostomatella erythrocoma'' is a species of very small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails. Distribution This species occurs in the Gulf of Mexico, the Caribbean Sea and off the Les ...
'' (Dall, 1889) * ''Stomatella doriae'' Issel, 1869: synonym of '' Stomatella modesta'' H. Adams & A. Adams, 1864 * ''Stomatella exquisita'' G. B. Sowerby III, 1903: synonym of '' Stomatolina exquisita'' (G. B. Sowerby III, 1903) (original combination) * ''Stomatella fulgurans'' A. Adams, 1850: synonym of '' Stomatolina fulgurans'' (A. Adams, 1850) (original combination) * ''Stomatella godeffroyi'': synonym of '' Stomatolina mariei'' (Crosse, 1871) (unpublished name) * ''Stomatella granosa'' Lambert, 1874: synonym of '' Synaptocochlea granosa'' (Lambert, 1874) (original combination) * ''Stomatella haliotoidea'' A. Adams, 1854: synonym of ''Stomatella sulcifera'' Lamarck, 1822: synonym of '' Granata sulcifera'' (Lamarck, 1822) * ''Stomatella imbricata'' Lamarck, 1816: synonym of '' Granata imbricata'' (Lamarck, 1816) * ''Stomatella inflata'': synonym of '' Lamellaria inflata'' (C.B. Adams, 1852) * ''Stomatella irisata'' Dufo, 1840: synonym of ''
Stomatolina irisata ''Stomatolina'' is a genus of sea snails, marine (ocean), marine gastropod mollusks in the family (biology), family Trochidae, the top snails. Description The depressed shell is rather flattened above and below. The Aperture (mollusc), aperture ...
'' (Dufo, 1840) * ''Stomatella japonica'' A. Adams, 1850: synonym of '' Granata japonica'' (A. Adams, 1850) (original combination) * ''Stomatella lamellaria'' Risso: synonym of '' Lamellaria latens'' (Müller O.F., 1776) * ''Stomatella maculata'' Quoy & Gaimard, 1834: synonym of '' Granata maculata'' (Quoy & Gaimard, 1834) * ''Stomatella malukana'' A. Adams, 1850: synonym of '' Stomatolina malukana'' (A. Adams, 1850) (original combination) * ''Stomatella margaritana'' A. Adams, 1850: synonym of '' Gibbula zonata'' (W. Wood, 1828) * ''Stomatella mariei'' Crosse, H. 1871: synonym of '' Stomatolina mariei'' (Crosse, 1871) * ''Stomatella marmorata'' (Pallary, 1926): synonym of '' Stomatella callosa'' (P. Fischer, 1871) * ''Stomatella minima'' Dufo, 1840: synonym of ''Gena varia'' A. Adams, 1850: synonym of '' Stomatella auricula'' Lamarck, 1816 * ''Stomatella monilifera'' A. Adams, 1850: synonym of '' Pseudostomatella monilifera'' (A. Adams, 1850) (original combination) * ''Stomatella montrouzieri'' Pilsbry, 1890: synonym of '' Synaptocochlea montrouzieri'' (Pilsbry, 1890) * ''Stomatella nebulosa'' (A. Adams, 1850): synonym of '' Synaptocochlea concinna'' (Gould, 1845) (superseded combination) * ''Stomatella nigra'' Quoy & Gaimard, 1834: synonym of '' Stomatella auricula'' Lamarck, 1816 * ''Stomatella orbiculata'' A. Adams, 1850: synonym of '' Pseudostomatella orbiculata'' (A. Adams, 1850) * ''Stomatella ornata'' Brazier, 1877: synonym of ''
Stomatella stellata ''Synaptocochlea stellata'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Synaptocochlea stellata (Souverbie, 1863). Accessed through: World Register of Mar ...
'' Souverbie, 1863 * ''Stomatella papyracea'' (Gmelin, 1791): synonym of '' Pseudostomatella papyracea'' (Gmelin, 1791) * ''Stomatella picta'' Montrouzier in Souverbie & Montrouzier, 1862: synonym of '' Synaptocochlea picta'' (Montrouzier in Souverbie & Montrouzier, 1862) * ''Stomatella rubra'' Lamarck, 1822: synonym if ''
Stomatolina rubra ''Stomatolina rubra'', common name the red stomatolina, is a species of small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails. Description The size of the shell varies between 8 mm and 18 mm. The depresse ...
'' (Lamarck, 1822) * ''Stomatella rufescens'' Gray, 1847: synonym of '' Stomatolina rufescens'' (Gray, 1847) * ''Stomatella sanguinea'' A. Adams, 1850: synonym of '' Stomatolina sanguinea'' (A. Adams, 1850) * ''Stomatella scitula'' H. Adams, 1872: synonym of '' Stomatella modesta'' H. Adams & A. Adams, 1864 * ''Stomatella selecta'' A. Adams, 1855: synonym of '' Pseudostomatella selecta'' (A. Adams, 1855) (original combination) * ''Stomatella speciosa'' A. Adams, 1850: synonym of '' Stomatolina speciosa'' (A. Adams, 1850) (original combination) * ''Stomatella splendidula'' A. Adams, 1854: synonym of '' Pseudostomatella splendidula'' (A. Adams, 1854) (original combination) * ''Stomatella stellata'' Souverbie, 1863: synonym of '' Synaptocochlea stellata'' (Souverbie, 1863) (original combination) * ''Stomatella sulcifera'' Lamarck, 1822: synonym of '' Granata sulcifera'' (Lamarck, 1822) * ''Stomatella tigrina'' A. Adams, 1850: synonym of '' Stomatolina tigrina'' (A. Adams, 1850) (original combination) * ''Stomatella tumida'' Gould: synonym of '' Pseudostomatella papyracea'' (Gmelin, 1791) * ''Stomatella varia'' (A. Adams, 1850): synonym of '' Stomatella auricula'' Lamarck, 1816 (dubious synonym)


References

* Fischer, 1885, ''Manuel de conchyliologie et de paléontologie conchyliologique'', (9): 841 * Vaught, K.C. (1989). ''A classification of the living Mollusca''. American Malacologists: Melbourne, FL (USA). . XII, 195 pp. * Higo, S., Callomon, P. & Goto, Y. (2001) ''Catalogue and Bibliography of the Marine Shell-Bearing Mollusca of Japan. Gastropoda Bivalvia Polyplacophora Scaphopoda Type Figures''. Elle Scientific Publications, Yao, Japan, 208 pp.


External links


H. Pilsbry, ''Note on the Soft Parts and Dentition of Stomatella'', Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 1891
{{taxonbar, from=Q4355098 Trochidae Taxa named by Jean-Baptiste Lamarck Gastropod genera