The Sorum class, Soviet designation Project 745, is a series of seagoing tugs built for the Soviet Navy and

KGB Border Troops The Soviet Border Troops (russian: Пограничные войска СССР, Pogranichnyye voyska SSSR) were the border guard of the Soviet Union, subordinated to the Soviet state security agency: first to the '' Cheka''/OGPU, then to NKV ...

, and later operated by the Russian Navy and FSB Border Service. These vessels perform the standard missions of a seagoing tugboat with other missions such as protecting and patrolling Russian maritime borders, enforcing navigational rules and

law enforcement Law enforcement is the activity of some members of government who act in an organized manner to enforce the law by discovering, deterring, rehabilitating, or punishing people who violate the rules and norms governing that society. The term ...

search and rescue Search and rescue (SAR) is the search for and provision of aid to people who are in distress or imminent danger. The general field of search and rescue includes many specialty sub-fields, typically determined by the type of terrain the search ...

, and

fisheries protection {{Unreferenced, date=March 2008 Maritime patrol is the task of monitoring areas of water. Generally conducted by military and law enforcement agencies, maritime patrol is usually aimed at identifying human activities. Maritime patrol refers to ac ...

Design

; Project 745 seagoing tug: The

oceangoing tug A tugboat or tug is a marine vessel that manoeuvres other vessels by pushing or pulling them, with direct contact or a tow line. These boats typically tug ships in circumstances where they cannot or should not move under their own power, s ...

s are

auxiliary vessel An auxiliary ship is a naval ship designed to support combatant ships and other naval operations. Auxiliary ships are not primary combatant vessels, though they may have some limited combat capacity, usually for purposes of self-defense. Auxil ...

s for the Soviet Navy, later the Russian Navy. ; Project 745P patrol ship: The

border Borders are usually defined as geographical boundaries, imposed either by features such as oceans and terrain, or by political entities such as governments, sovereign states, federated states, and other subnational entities. Political bo ...

patrol ship A patrol boat (also referred to as a patrol craft, patrol ship, or patrol vessel) is a relatively small naval vessel generally designed for coastal defence, border security, or law enforcement. There are many designs for patrol boats, and they ...

s are modified versions of the original Project 745. They are armed with two 30 mm or gun mounts giving them the ability to fire on surface, air and ground targets, and are equipped with the

fire-control system A fire-control system (FCS) is a number of components working together, usually a gun data computer, a Director (military), director, and radar, which is designed to assist a ranged weapon system to target, track, and hit a target. It performs ...

to control these weapons. ; Project 07452 experimental vessel: The reconnaissance vessel is a version of the original Project 745, which is a

testbed A testbed (also spelled test bed) is a platform for conducting rigorous, transparent, and replicable testing of scientific theories, computational tools, and new technologies. The term is used across many disciplines to describe experimental rese ...

for

SIGINT Signals intelligence (SIGINT) is intelligence-gathering by interception of '' signals'', whether communications between people (communications intelligence—abbreviated to COMINT) or from electronic signals not directly used in communication ...

and

hydroacoustic Underwater acoustics is the study of the propagation of sound in water and the interaction of the mechanical waves that constitute sound with the water, its contents and its boundaries. The water may be in the ocean, a lake, a river or a tank. Ty ...

equipment. ; Project 745MB seagoing tug: The oceangoing tug is a modernized version of the original Project 745. It is equipped with two main diesel gensets (2 × 1,500 kW), three auxiliary diesel gensets (2 × 200 kW + 1 × 100 kW), an asynchronous propulsion motor (1 × ) and a

bow thruster Manoeuvering thruster (bow thruster or stern thruster) is a transversal propulsion device built into, or mounted to, either the bow or stern, of a ship or boat to make it more manoeuvrable. Bow thrusters make docking easier, since they allow th ...

. ; Project 745MBS rescue tug: The

rescue tug Rescue comprises responsive operations that usually involve the saving of life, or the urgent treatment of injuries after an accident or a dangerous situation. Tools used might include search and rescue dogs, mounted search and rescue ho ...

is a SAR version of the modernized Project 745MB, which is equipped with a switched reluctance propulsion motor instead of an asynchronous one. Externally, the Projects 745MB and 745MBS tugs can be distinguished from the original Project 745 tugs by twin

funnels A funnel is a tube or pipe that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, used for guiding liquid or powder into a small opening. Funnels are usually made of stainless steel, aluminium, glass, or plastic. The material used in its constr ...

instead of one. MB-307 oceangoing tug (DN-SC-94-00168).jpg, Russian Navy Project 745 seagoing tug ' in the

North Atlantic Ocean The Atlantic Ocean is the second-largest of the world's five oceans, with an area of about . It covers approximately 20% of Earth's surface and about 29% of its water surface area. It is known to separate the " Old World" of Africa, Europe a ...

in 1993 Ходові випробування двох малих артилерійських бронекатерів у відритому морі (27834880515).jpg, Ukrainian Navy Project 745 seagoing tug ''Korets'' and ''Berdiansk'' (U175) in the

Black Sea The Black Sea is a marginal mediterranean sea of the Atlantic Ocean lying between Europe and Asia, east of the Balkans, south of the East European Plain, west of the Caucasus, and north of Anatolia. It is bounded by Bulgaria, Georgia, ...

in 2016 ZABAYKALYE border patrol ship (DN-SC-93-06072).jpg, Russian Coast Guard Project 745P border patrol ship ''Zabaykalye'' in the western Pacific in 1992 RIAN archive 400846 Large-scale Russian-Japanese exercise in Sakhalin to prevent criminal activity at sea.jpg, Russian Coast Guard Project 745P border patrol ship ''Bug'' and Type Yamaha border patrol boat ''Steregushchy'' during the Russian-Japanese exercise in

Aniva Bay Aniva Bay (Russian: Залив Анива (''Zaliv Aniva''), Japanese: 亜庭湾, Aniwa Bay, or Aniva Gulf) is located at the southern end of Sakhalin Island, Russia Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental countr ...

in 2009 OS-572 experimental vessel (DN-SN-89-06987).jpg, Soviet Navy Project 07452 experimental vessel ' (de facto reconnaissance vessel) MB-12 oceangoing tug (SF and RGO 2020-08-27).jpg, Russian Navy Project 745MB seagoing tug ' at

Cape Zhelaniya Cape Zhelaniya (russian: Мыс Желания, ; being Russian for 'wish/desire') is a headland in the Russian Federation. It is an important geographical landmark. The area in the vicinity of the cape is a desolate place, exposed to bitter Arc ...

in 2020 Naval review on the last day of Marine Security Belt 2019 (57).jpg, Russian Navy Project 745MBS rescue tug ''Viktor Konetsky'' and during the

CHIRU The Tibetan antelope or chiru (''Pantholops hodgsonii'') (, pronounced ; ) is a medium-sized bovid native to the northeastern Tibetan plateau. Most of the population live within the Chinese border, while some scatter across India and Bhutan in ...

exercise in 2019

History

A Project 745P border patrol ship was involved in an incident involving Greenpeace vessel where the Russian ship fired warning shots, and later seized a Greenpeace vessel after they attempted to board an

oil rig {{about, , the mnemonic OIL RIG, Redox An oil rig is any kind of apparatus constructed for oil drilling. Kinds of oil rig include: * Drilling rig, an apparatus for on-land oil drilling * Drillship, a floating apparatus for offshore oil drilling * ...

in the

Arctic The Arctic ( or ) is a polar region located at the northernmost part of Earth. The Arctic consists of the Arctic Ocean, adjacent seas, and parts of Canada ( Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), Danish Realm ( Greenland), Finland, Iceland ...

in 2013. Another Project 745P border patrol ship rammed a Ukrainian tug in the Kerch Strait on November 25, 2018.

Notes

References

External links

* * {{DEFAULTSORT:Sorum class seagoing tug Auxiliary ships of the Soviet Navy Cold War patrol vessels of the Soviet Union Auxiliary ships of the Russian Navy Patrol vessels of Russia

Design

History

See also

Notes

References

Further reading

External links