''Gratiola'' is a genus of plants in the family

Plantaginaceae Plantaginaceae, the plantain family or veronica family, is a large, diverse family (biology), family of flowering plants in the order Lamiales that includes common flowers such as Antirrhinum, snapdragon and Digitalis, foxglove. It is unrelated ...

. Most species are known generally as hedgehyssops. It includes 29 species native to temperate North America and Eurasia, and to Morocco, South America, Australia, and New Zealand. The genus was previously included in the family

Scrophulariaceae The Scrophulariaceae are a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the figwort family. The plants are annual and perennial herbs, as well as shrubs. Flowers have bilateral (zygomorphic) or rarely radial (actinomorphic) symmetry. The Scr ...

Species

29 species are accepted. *'' Gratiola amphiantha'' – pool sprite, snorkelwort (southeastern United States) *'' Gratiola bogotensis'' – (Colombia, Ecuador, and norhwestern Venezuela) *'' Gratiola brevifolia'' – sticky hedgehyssop (southeastern United States and Texas) *'' Gratiola ebracteata'' – bractless hedgehyssop (western Canada and western United States) *'' Gratiola floridana'' – Florida hedgehyssop (southeastern United States) *'' Gratiola fluviatilis'' – (Japan) *'' Gratiola graniticola'' – (Georgia and South Carolina) *'' Gratiola griffithii'' – (Assam and Guangdong) *'' Gratiola heterosepala'' – Boggs Lake hedgehyssop (California and Oregon) *'' Gratiola hispida'' – pineland hedge-hyssop (southeastern United States) *''

Gratiola japonica ''Gratiola'' is a genus of plants in the family Plantaginaceae. Most species are known generally as hedgehyssops. It includes 29 species native to temperate North America and Eurasia, and to Morocco, South America, Australia, and New Zealand. The ...

'' – (southern China, Korea, Japan, and Russian Far East) *'' Gratiola linifolia'' – (Portugal and southwestern Spain) *'' Gratiola lutea'' – golden hedgehyssop (southeastern Canada and north-central and eastern United States) *''

Gratiola mauretanica ''Gratiola'' is a genus of plants in the family Plantaginaceae. Most species are known generally as hedgehyssops. It includes 29 species native to temperate North America and Eurasia, and to Morocco, South America, Australia, and New Zealand. The ...

'' – (Morocco) *''

Gratiola nana ''Gratiola'' is a genus of plants in the family Plantaginaceae. Most species are known generally as hedgehyssops. It includes 29 species native to temperate North America and Eurasia, and to Morocco, South America, Australia, and New Zealand. The ...

'' – (southeastern Australia and New Zealand) *'' Gratiola neglecta'' – clammy hedgehyssop (Canada and United States) *'' Gratiola officinalis'' – common hedgehyssop (Europe, Morocco, Turkey, Caucasus, Iran, Pakistan, and Central Asia) *''

Gratiola oresbia ''Gratiola'' is a genus of plants in the family Plantaginaceae. Most species are known generally as hedgehyssops. It includes 29 species native to temperate North America and Eurasia, and to Morocco, South America, Australia, and New Zealand. The ...

'' – (Mexico and Guatemala) *''

Gratiola pedunculata ''Gratiola'' is a genus of plants in the family Plantaginaceae. Most species are known generally as hedgehyssops. It includes 29 species native to temperate North America and Eurasia, and to Morocco, South America, Australia, and New Zealand. The ...

'' – (southern and eastern Australia) *'' Gratiola peruviana'' – Austral brooklime (South America and southern and eastern Australia) *''

Gratiola pilosa ''Gratiola'' is a genus of plants in the family Plantaginaceae. Most species are known generally as hedgehyssops. It includes 29 species native to temperate North America and Eurasia, and to Morocco, South America, Australia, and New Zealand. The ...

'' – shaggy hedge-hyssop (south-central and southeastern United States) *''

Gratiola pubescens ''Gratiola'' is a genus of plants in the family Plantaginaceae. Most species are known generally as hedgehyssops. It includes 29 species native to temperate North America and Eurasia, and to Morocco, South America, Australia, and New Zealand. The ...

'' – Hairy brooklime (southeastern Australia) *''

Gratiola pumilo ''Gratiola'' is a genus of plants in the family Plantaginaceae. Most species are known generally as hedgehyssops. It includes 29 species native to temperate North America and Eurasia, and to Morocco, South America, Australia, and New Zealand. The ...

'' – (southern and eastern Australia) *'' Gratiola quartermaniae'' – limestone hedgehyssop (southern Ontario, east-central United States, and Texas) *''

Gratiola ramosa ''Gratiola'' is a genus of plants in the family Plantaginaceae. Most species are known generally as hedgehyssops. It includes 29 species native to temperate North America and Eurasia, and to Morocco, South America, Australia, and New Zealand. The ...

'' – branched hedgehyssop (southeastern United States) *''

Gratiola sexdentata ''Gratiola'' is a genus of plants in the family Plantaginaceae. Most species are known generally as hedgehyssops. It includes 29 species native to temperate North America and Eurasia, and to Morocco, South America, Australia, and New Zealand. The ...

'' – (New Zealand) *''

Gratiola torreyi ''Gratiola'' is a genus of plants in the family Plantaginaceae. Most species are known generally as hedgehyssops. It includes 29 species native to temperate North America and Eurasia, and to Morocco, South America, Australia, and New Zealand. The ...

'' – yellow hedgehyssop (Louisiana and Texas) *''

Gratiola virginiana ''Gratiola'' is a genus of plants in the family Plantaginaceae. Most species are known generally as hedgehyssops. It includes 29 species native to temperate North America and Eurasia, and to Morocco, South America, Australia, and New Zealand. The ...

'' – roundfruit hedgehyssop (Central and eastern United States) *'' Gratiola viscidula'' – Short's hedgehyssop (east-central and southeastern United States)

Fossil record

Four

fossil A fossil (from Classical Latin , ) is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age. Examples include bones, shells, exoskeletons, stone imprints of animals or microbes, objects preserve ...

seeds of †''Gratiola tertiaria'' have been extracted from

borehole A borehole is a narrow shaft bored in the ground, either vertically or horizontally. A borehole may be constructed for many different purposes, including the extraction of water ( drilled water well and tube well), other liquids (such as petr ...

samples of the

Middle Miocene The Middle Miocene is a sub-epoch of the Miocene epoch (geology), epoch made up of two Stage (stratigraphy), stages: the Langhian and Serravallian stages. The Middle Miocene is preceded by the Early Miocene. The sub-epoch lasted from 15.97 ± 0. ...

fresh water deposits in Nowy Sacz Basin,

West Carpathians The Western Carpathians () are a mountain range and geomorphological province that forms the western part of the Carpathian Mountains. The mountain belt stretches from the Low Beskids range of the Eastern Carpathians along the border of Poland w ...

Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It extends from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains in the south, bordered by Lithuania and Russia to the northeast, Belarus and Ukrai ...

.Łańcucka-Środoniowa M.: Macroscopic plant remains from the freshwater Miocene of the Nowy Sącz Basin (West Carpathians, Poland) zczątki makroskopowe roślin z miocenu słodkowodnego Kotliny Sądeckiej (Karpaty Zachodnie, Polska) Acta Palaeobotanica 1979 20 (1): 3-117.

References

External links

Jepson Manual Treatment
Plantaginaceae genera Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus {{Plantaginaceae-stub