Simon Paulli (6 April 1603 – 25 April 1680), was a Danish physician and

naturalist Natural history is a domain of inquiry involving organisms, including animals, fungi, and plants, in their natural environment, leaning more towards observational than experimental methods of study. A person who studies natural history is cal ...

. He was a professor of

anatomy Anatomy () is the branch of morphology concerned with the study of the internal structure of organisms and their parts. Anatomy is a branch of natural science that deals with the structural organization of living things. It is an old scien ...

surgery Surgery is a medical specialty that uses manual and instrumental techniques to diagnose or treat pathological conditions (e.g., trauma, disease, injury, malignancy), to alter bodily functions (e.g., malabsorption created by bariatric surgery s ...

and

botany Botany, also called plant science, is the branch of natural science and biology studying plants, especially Plant anatomy, their anatomy, Plant taxonomy, taxonomy, and Plant ecology, ecology. A botanist or plant scientist is a scientist who s ...

at the

University of Copenhagen The University of Copenhagen (, KU) is a public university, public research university in Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. Founded in 1479, the University of Copenhagen is the second-oldest university in Scandinavia, after Uppsala University. ...

. The genus ''

Paullinia ''Paullinia'' is a genus of flowering shrubs, small trees and lianas in the soapberry family, Sapindaceae and typical of tribe Paullinieae. It is native to tropical South America, Central America and the Caribbean. The genus is named after t ...

'' is named after him.Niels Stensen-Bibliography Simon Paulli (1603–1680)
Whonamedit.com (1988-10-23). Retrieved on 2012-05-16.
Words.fromoldbooks.org. Retrieved on 2012-05-16. Paulli was the first

court physician A court is an institution, often a government entity, with the authority to adjudicate legal disputes between parties and administer justice in civil, criminal, and administrative matters in accordance with the rule of law. Courts genera ...

Frederick III of Denmark Frederick III (; 18 March 1609 – 9 February 1670) was King of Denmark and Norway from 1648 until his death in 1670. He also governed under the name Frederick II as diocesan administrator (colloquially referred to as prince-bishop) of the ...

, and made valuable contributions to anatomy and botany. He authored and published several treatises in medicine and botany, notably, ''Quadripartitum Botanicum''. He was also a driving force between the establishment of the Domus Anatomica, the first

anatomical theatre An anatomical theatre (Latin: ) was a specialised building or room, resembling a theatre, used in teaching anatomy at early modern universities. They were typically constructed with a tiered structure surrounding a central table, allowing a larg ...

Copenhagen Copenhagen ( ) is the capital and most populous city of Denmark, with a population of 1.4 million in the Urban area of Copenhagen, urban area. The city is situated on the islands of Zealand and Amager, separated from Malmö, Sweden, by the ...

Early life

Paulli was born at

Rostock Rostock (; Polabian language, Polabian: ''Roztoc''), officially the Hanseatic and University City of Rostock (), is the largest city in the German States of Germany, state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern and lies in the Mecklenburgian part of the sta ...

on 6 April 1603. His grandfather, Simon Paulli Sr., was a

German German(s) may refer to: * Germany, the country of the Germans and German things **Germania (Roman era) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizenship in Germany, see also Ge ...

theologian and first city superintendent of

.Simon Pauli the older one
Multilingualarchive.com. Retrieved on 2012-05-16. His father, Henry Paulli, was a physician to the queen

Dowager A dowager is a widow or widower who holds a title or property – a "dower" – derived from her or his deceased spouse. As an adjective, ''dowager'' usually appears in association with monarchical and aristocratic titles. In popular usage, the n ...

of Denmark. He had three sons: Jacob Henrik (1637–1702), an

anatomist Anatomy () is the branch of morphology concerned with the study of the internal structure of organisms and their parts. Anatomy is a branch of natural science that deals with the structural organization of living things. It is an old scien ...

and

diplomat A diplomat (from ; romanization, romanized ''diploma'') is a person appointed by a state (polity), state, International organization, intergovernmental, or Non-governmental organization, nongovernmental institution to conduct diplomacy with one ...

in Danish services; Daniel (1640–1684), a bookseller and publisher in Copenhagen, also Simon printer and publisher in

Strasbourg Strasbourg ( , ; ; ) is the Prefectures in France, prefecture and largest city of the Grand Est Regions of France, region of Geography of France, eastern France, in the historic region of Alsace. It is the prefecture of the Bas-Rhin Departmen ...

; and Olliger (Holger) Paulli (1644–1714), a successful merchant, secretary to the

Danish East India Company The Danish East India Company () refers to two separate Danish-Norwegian chartered company, chartered companies. The first company operated between 1616 and 1650. The second company existed between 1670 and 1729, however, in 1730 it was re-founde ...

, journalist and publisher.Simon Pauli the younger one
Multilingualarchive.com. Retrieved on 2012-05-16. Paulli was schooled in several places, including

Leiden Leiden ( ; ; in English language, English and Archaism, archaic Dutch language, Dutch also Leyden) is a List of cities in the Netherlands by province, city and List of municipalities of the Netherlands, municipality in the Provinces of the Nethe ...

Paris Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, largest city of France. With an estimated population of 2,048,472 residents in January 2025 in an area of more than , Paris is the List of ci ...

and

. He matriculated from the

between 1626 and 1629. He received his M.D from

Wittenberg Wittenberg, officially Lutherstadt Wittenberg, is the fourth-largest town in the state of Saxony-Anhalt, in the Germany, Federal Republic of Germany. It is situated on the River Elbe, north of Leipzig and south-west of the reunified German ...

. He worked as a physician in Rostock and

Lübeck Lübeck (; or ; Latin: ), officially the Hanseatic League, Hanseatic City of Lübeck (), is a city in Northern Germany. With around 220,000 inhabitants, it is the second-largest city on the German Baltic Sea, Baltic coast and the second-larg ...

as a medical practitioner and later became professor of anatomy at Finck College. With the aid of Frederick III, he established an "Anatomical theatre" at Copenhangen. He died on 25 April 1680 at

Works

''Quadripartitum, De Simplicium medicamentorum Facultatibus''
Rostock 1639—New, enlarged edition: Strasbourg, 1667–1668:- a

Latin Latin ( or ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic languages, Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally spoken by the Latins (Italic tribe), Latins in Latium (now known as Lazio), the lower Tiber area aroun ...

quarto on medicinal plants * ''Flora Danica, Det er: Dansk Urtebog.'' Copenhagen 1648. * ''Commentarius De Abusu Tabaci Americanorum Veteri, Et Herbæ Thee Asiaticorum in Europe Novo'':- This work against

tobacco Tobacco is the common name of several plants in the genus '' Nicotiana'' of the family Solanaceae, and the general term for any product prepared from the cured leaves of these plants. More than 70 species of tobacco are known, but the ...

and

tea Tea is an aromatic beverage prepared by pouring hot or boiling water over cured or fresh leaves of '' Camellia sinensis'', an evergreen shrub native to East Asia which probably originated in the borderlands of south-western China and nor ...

was published in 1661. It was later translated into English by 'Dr. James' in 1746 as ''A treatise on tobacco, tea, coffee, and chocolate. In which I. The advantages and disadvantages attending the use of these commodities''.
''Anatomisch- und Medizinisches Bedenken''
1672

Honor

The

, genus of flowering shrubs, small trees and lianas in the soapberry family in

is named in honour of him.The genus is named Paul linia by Linnaeus in honor of Simon Paulli, a German botanist
. Inkanatural.com. Retrieved on 2012-05-16.

References

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Paulli, Simon 1603 births 1680 deaths 17th-century Danish people Danish male writers Danish anatomists Danish medical writers 17th-century Danish physicians History of anatomy People from Rostock Pre-Linnaean botanists 17th-century male writers Court physicians