Sidoarjo Regency

Sidoarjo Regency () is a regency in East Java, Indonesia. It is bordered by Surabaya City and Gresik Regency to the north, by Pasuruan Regency to the south, by Mojokerto Regency to the west, and by the Madura Strait to the east. It has a land area of 719.34 km², making it physically the smallest regency in East Java,Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2025, ''Kabupaten Sidoarjo Dalam Angka 2025'' (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3515) although it contains many of the southern suburbs of Surabaya and has a high population density. This is particularly true in the northern districts of Waru and Taman, which immediately adjoin the city to the north, and also in the urban area based on Sidoarjo town, which including its suburbs had a combined population of 586,602 at the 1990 Census.

As at the 2010 census, Sidoarjo Regency had a population of 2,191,489Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011. while the 2020 census showed a small decline to 2,033,760,Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021. notably in the northern part of the regency immediately bordering Surabaya; the official estimate as at mid-2024 showed an almost unchanged total of 2,027,874 (comprising 1,015,862 males and 1,012,012 females).Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2024, ''Kabupaten Sidoarjo Dalam Angka 2024'' (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3515) The entire regency is part of the urban region surrounding Surabaya, known as the 'Gerbangkertosusila' area.

Administrative districts

The Sidoarjo Regency is divided into 18 administrative districts (''kecamatan''). The districts are tabulated below with their areas and their populations at the 2010 censusBiro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011. and the 2020 census,Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021. together with the official estimates as at mid 2024.Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2025, ''Kabupaten Sidoarjo Dalam Angka 2025'' (Katalog-BPS 1102001.3515) The table also includes the locations of the district administrative centres, the number of administrative villages in each district (totaling 322 rural ''desa'' and 31 urban ''kelurahan''), and its post code.

Notes: (a) comprising six ''kelurahan'' (Gedang, Jatirejo, Juwetkenongo, Mindi, Porong and Siring) and thirteen ''desa''. (b) including the two small offshore islands of ''Pulau Dem'' and ''Pulau Kedung''.
(c) comprising fourteen ''kelurahan'' (Bulusidokare, Celep, Cemengkalang, Gebang, Lemahputro, Magersari, Pekauman, Pucang, Pucanganom, Sekardangan, Sidokare, Sidoklumpuk, Sidokumpul and Urangagung) and ten ''desa''.
(d) comprising eight ''kelurahan'' (Bebekan, Geluran, Kalijaten, Ketegan, Ngelom, Sepanjang, Taman and Wonocolo) and sixteen ''desa''.
(e) including three ''kelurahan'' (Kemasan, Krian and Tambak Kemerakan).

Economy

As a satellite region and part of Greater Surabaya, the Sidoarjo economy is valued at 197.24 Trillion IDR in 2020 and is the second-largest in East Java after Surabaya.

Primary Sector

Although Sidoarjo Regency's land area is relatively small and densely populated, the primary sector still maintains a role in Sidoarjo's economy. Agriculture is mainly produced in the western and southwestern parts of Sidoarjo Tulangan District, Krembung District, and Balongbendo District. During the colonial era, Sidoarjo was famous for sugarcane production and it hosted several sugar mills owned by the Colonial government. After Independence, the Indonesian government nationalised all sugar mills in Sidoarjo. The sugarcane production sector peaked in the 70s and gradually declined since then, due to inflows of manufacturing investment and rapid urbanization that reduced the sugarcane planting area. Rice, banana, papaya, cassava, and several lowland vegetables are still popular crops.

Fisheries also still maintain a role. In the past, Sidoarjo was known as a fishing town, but the fishing sector was slowly declining as Sidoarjo became more urbanized. Fishing has been replaced by aquaculture as the main source of fish in Sidoarjo. Highly productive aquaculture is mainly produced in the eastern part of Sidoarjo Regency, and the main product is Milkfish and farmed shrimp which are mostly exported to the US and Japan. Sidoarjo is also famous for its processed fishery products, such as prawn cracker, fish cracker, shrimp paste and '' petis''.

The mining sector could be neglected as it contributes very little to Sidoarjo economy. The main mining sector is natural gas, which is produced in Porong District. There are also several sand miners that operate in Jabon District.

Secondary Sector

Manufacturing is a main sector of the Sidoarjo economy with a contribution of nearly 40%. Sidoarjo manufacturing production is diversified and ranges from furniture to electronics products. There are numerous manufacturing plants in Sidoarjo. Among this are : Jatim Taman Steel (Steel Manufacturer), Avian (Paints and building material), Tunggal Djaja (Paints Production), Maspion (Household durable goods), Japfa Comfeed (Feedmills and poultry), Interbat (Pharmaceuticals), Integra (Furniture), Tjiwi Kimia (Paper), Kimberly-Clark's Softex (Non-durable consumer goods), Unicharm (Non-durable consumer goods), Polygon Bikes (Bikes), Alumindo (Aluminium products), Sekar Group (Food processing), Hisamitsu (Pharmaceutical), Lighting Solutions (Lamp), ECCO (Footwear), Samator (Industrial gas and chemicals), Bernofarm (Pharmaceutical), Muntjul Diamond (Vehicle body), Charoen Pokphand (Agribusiness) and many more.

There are thousands of small and medium manufacturers established in Sidoarjo. Garments, Food Processing, Footwear, Apparel, and Furniture are products that are usually produced by small and medium manufacturers in Sidoarjo. Many small and medium manufacturers produce traditional herbs, machinery, packaging, and metal products.

During the colonial era, there were 10 sugarmills in Sidoarjo and the oldest is Watu Tulis Sugarmills that built in 1838. There remain three sugarmills in Sidoarjo. Among this are New Candi Sugarmills that built in 1911, Krembung Sugarmills, and Watu Tulis Sugarmills.

Tertiary Sector

The main tertiary sectors in Sidoarjo are wholesaling and retailing, food services, education, and financial services. As Sidoarjo is getting more urbanized, the tertiary sector is predicted to grow significantly. The fastest growth in the tertiary sector is recording in experience-related services, such as food services (notably restaurant, cafe) and movie theater. Education Services are also predicted to grow, as several private tutoring companies are opening a branch in Sidoarjo and private schools are gaining more students, due to increasingly population, income, and lack of capacity in state schools.

Lapindo Mud flow

Since May 2006, more than 10,000 people in the Porong District have been displaced by hot mud flowing from a natural gas well being drilled by Lapindo Brantas, an oil well company that is part of a conglomerate owned by Coordinating Minister for the People's Welfare Aburizal Bakrie. Gas and hot mud started spewing from the well on May 28, when the drill penetrated a layer of liquid sediment. Attempts to pump concrete down the well did not stop the flow. While some scientists have speculated that the earthquake that struck Yogyakarta on May 27, the day before the well erupted, may have cracked the ground, creating potential pathways for the mud to reach the surface, others have suggested that the drilling procedure was faulty by not using a casing. This is likely to be incorrect as technical papers on the subject showed that there were up to four sets of casing installed and cemented in the well. Some 50,000 cubic metres of hot mud were erupting every day as of August; in September, the amount increased to some 125,000 cubic metres daily. On September 26 barriers built to hold back the mud failed, resulting in the flooding of more villages. Gus Maksum, one of the thousands of Sidoarjo villagers displaced by the mud flow gives a detailed first-hand account of the first year of the disaster in his memoir ''Titanic Made By Lapindo''. As of late September 2006 scientists said that a mud volcano may have been forming, and could be impossible to stop. New Indonesia Calamity: A Man-Made Mud Bath
- URL retrieved October 6, 2006

Climate

Sidoarjo has a tropical savanna climate (Köppen ''Aw'') with moderate to little rainfall from May to November and heavy rainfall from December to April.

References

Sidoarjo has lots of worth to culinary tastes, from sour and spicy, to sweet culinary. Sour food in Sidoarjo can be described as a fruity dish called Rujak, and the most famous ones are Lontong Kupang, Sate Kerang, and Lontong Balap which are very spicy. And Klepon is a sweet dessert wrapped by a coconut zest.

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Brantas basin