The short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases family (SDR)
is a very large
family
Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...
of enzymes, most of which are known to be NAD- or NADP-dependent
oxidoreductases
In biochemistry, an oxidoreductase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of electrons from one molecule, the reductant, also called the electron donor, to another, the oxidant, also called the electron acceptor. This group of enzymes usually ut ...
. As the first member of this family to be characterised was Drosophila
alcohol dehydrogenase
Alcohol dehydrogenases (ADH) () are a group of dehydrogenase enzymes that occur in many organisms and facilitate the interconversion between alcohols and aldehydes or ketones with the reduction of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) to N ...
, this family used to be called
'insect-type', or 'short-chain' alcohol dehydrogenases. Most members of this family are proteins of about 250 to 300 amino acid residues. Most dehydrogenases possess at least 2 domains,
the first binding the coenzyme, often NAD, and the second binding the substrate. This latter domain determines the substrate specificity and contains amino acids involved in catalysis. Little sequence similarity has been found in the coenzyme binding domain although there is a large degree of structural similarity, and it has therefore been suggested that the structure of dehydrogenases has arisen through gene fusion of a common ancestral coenzyme nucleotide sequence with various substrate specific domains.
Subfamilies
*
Glucose/ribitol dehydrogenase
*
Insect alcohol dehydrogenase family
*
2,3-dihydro-2,3-dihydroxybenzoate dehydrogenase
Human proteins containing this domain
BDH1;
BDH2;
CBR1
Carbonyl reductase 1, also known as CBR1, is an enzyme which in humans is encoded by the ''CBR1'' gene. The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family, which function as NADPH-dependent oxidore ...
;
CBR3
Carbonyl reductase ADPH3 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''CBR3'' gene.
Carbonyl reductase 3 catalyzes the reduction of a large number of biologically and pharmacologically active carbonyl compounds to their corresponding alcoho ...
;
CBR4;
DCXR;
DECR1;
DECR2;
DHRS1;
DHRS10;
DHRS13;
DHRS2;
DHRS3;
DHRS4;
DHRS4L2;
DHRS7;
DHRS7B;
DHRS8;
DHRS9;
DHRSX;
FASN;
FVT1;
HADH2;
HPGD;
HSD11B1;
HSD11B2;
HSD17B1;
HSD17B10;
HSD17B12;
HSD17B13;
HSD17B2;
HSD17B3;
HSD17B4;
HSD17B6;
HSD17B7;
HSD17B7P2;
HSD17B8;
HSDL1;
HSDL2;
PECR;
QDPR;
RDH10;
RDH11;
RDH12;
RDH13;
RDH14;
RDH16
Retinol dehydrogenase 16 (all-trans) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''RDH16'' gene
In biology, the word gene has two meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity. The molecular gene is a sequence of nucleotides in ...
;
RDH5;
RDH8;
RDHE2;
RDHS;
SCDR10;
SPR;
WWOX;
References
{{reflist
Protein domains
Single-pass transmembrane proteins