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"Shake It Off" is a song by the American singer-songwriter
Taylor Swift Taylor Alison Swift (born December 13, 1989) is an American singer-songwriter. Known for her autobiographical songwriting, artistic versatility, and Cultural impact of Taylor Swift, cultural impact, Swift is one of the Best selling artists, w ...
and the lead single from her fifth studio album, '' 1989'' (2014). She wrote the song with its producers, Max Martin and Shellback. Inspired by the media scrutiny on Swift's public image, the lyrics are about her indifference to detractors and their negative remarks. An uptempo dance-pop song, "Shake It Off" features a looping drum beat, a saxophone line, and a handclap–based
bridge A bridge is a structure built to Span (engineering), span a physical obstacle (such as a body of water, valley, road, or railway) without blocking the path underneath. It is constructed for the purpose of providing passage over the obstacle, whi ...
. Big Machine Records released it on August 18, 2014, to promote ''1989'' as Swift's first pop album after her previous
country A country is a distinct part of the world, such as a state, nation, or other political entity. When referring to a specific polity, the term "country" may refer to a sovereign state, state with limited recognition, constituent country, ...
image and sound. Initial reviews mostly praised the production as catchy, but some criticized the lyrics as weak and shallow. Retrospectively, critics have considered "Shake It Off" an effective opener for ''1989'' as an album that transformed Swift's image from country to pop; '' NME'' and '' Consequence'' ranked it among their best songs of the 2010s decade. The single topped charts and was certified multi-platinum in Australia, Canada, and New Zealand, and it was certified platinum in countries across Europe, the Americas, and Asia–Pacific. In the United States, the single peaked atop the ''Billboard'' Hot 100 and received a Diamond certification from the
Recording Industry Association of America The Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) is a trade organization that represents the music recording industry in the United States. Its members consist of record labels and distributors that the RIAA says "create, manufacture, and/o ...
. Mark Romanek directed the music video for "Shake It Off", which portrays Swift as a clumsy person unsuccessfully attempting several dance moves. Critics accused the video of cultural appropriation for featuring dances associated with people of color such as twerking. Swift performed the song on the 1989 World Tour (2015), the Reputation Stadium Tour (2018), and the Eras Tour (2023–2024). "Shake It Off" won Favorite Song at the 2015 People's Choice Awards and received three nominations at the 2015 Grammy Awards. Following the 2019 dispute regarding the ownership of Swift's back catalog, she re-recorded the song as "Shake It Off (Taylor's Version)" for her 2023 re-recorded album '' 1989 (Taylor's Version)''.


Background

Taylor Swift Taylor Alison Swift (born December 13, 1989) is an American singer-songwriter. Known for her autobiographical songwriting, artistic versatility, and Cultural impact of Taylor Swift, cultural impact, Swift is one of the Best selling artists, w ...
had been known as a primarily
country A country is a distinct part of the world, such as a state, nation, or other political entity. When referring to a specific polity, the term "country" may refer to a sovereign state, state with limited recognition, constituent country, ...
singer-songwriter until her fourth studio album '' Red'' (released in October 2012), which incorporates various pop and rock styles, transcending the country sound of her previous releases. The collaborations with Swedish pop producers Max Martin and Shellback introduced straightforward pop hooks and new genres, including electronic and
dubstep Dubstep is a genre of electronic dance music that originated in South London in the early 2000s. The style emerged as a UK garage offshoot that blended 2-step rhythms and sparse dub production, as well as incorporating elements of broken ...
, to Swift's discography. Swift and her label, Big Machine, promoted it as a country album. The album's diverse musical styles sparked a media debate over her status as a country artist, to which she replied in an interview with ''
The Wall Street Journal ''The Wall Street Journal'' (''WSJ''), also referred to simply as the ''Journal,'' is an American newspaper based in New York City. The newspaper provides extensive coverage of news, especially business and finance. It operates on a subscriptio ...
'', "I leave the genre labeling to other people." Swift began recording her fifth studio album, '' 1989'', while touring to support ''Red'' in mid-2013. Inspired by 1980s
synth-pop Synth-pop (short for synthesizer pop; also called techno-pop; ) is a music genre that first became prominent in the late 1970s and features the synthesizer as the dominant musical instrument. It was prefigured in the 1960s and early 1970s b ...
, she conceived ''1989'' as her first "official pop" record that would transform her image from country to pop. Martin and Shellback produced seven out of thirteen tracks for the album's standard edition, including "Shake It Off".


Music and lyrics

Swift wrote the lyrics to "Shake It Off" and composed the song's melody with Martin and Shellback. The last song recorded for ''1989'', it was recorded by Sam Holland at Conway Recording Studios in Los Angeles and by Michael Ilbert at MXM Studios in
Stockholm Stockholm (; ) is the Capital city, capital and List of urban areas in Sweden by population, most populous city of Sweden, as well as the List of urban areas in the Nordic countries, largest urban area in the Nordic countries. Approximately ...
, Sweden. The track was mixed by Serban Ghenea at MixStar Studios in Virginia Beach, Virginia, and mastered by Tom Coyne at Sterling Sound Studio in New York City. Musically, "Shake It Off" is an uptempo dance-pop song that incorporates a saxophone line. Jonas Thander, the song's saxophone player, based his part on Martin's pre-recorded MIDI horn sample, using a tenor horn. It took Thander over ten hours to edit the saxophone part, which he completed over the following day. "Shake It Off" is in G Mixolydian – the fifth mode of the C major scale. It follows a ii–IV–I chord progression (Am–C–G); it employs a verseprechoruschorus form to begin with a loose verse, tighten for the prechorus, and loosen again for the chorus. The song's upbeat production is accompanied by a looping drum beat, a handclap–based
bridge A bridge is a structure built to Span (engineering), span a physical obstacle (such as a body of water, valley, road, or railway) without blocking the path underneath. It is constructed for the purpose of providing passage over the obstacle, whi ...
, and synthesized saxophones. The lyrics of the song were inspired by the media scrutiny that Swift had experienced during her rise to stardom. In an interview with ''
Rolling Stone ''Rolling Stone'' is an American monthly magazine that focuses on music, politics, and popular culture. It was founded in San Francisco, California, in 1967 by Jann Wenner and the music critic Ralph J. Gleason. The magazine was first known fo ...
'' in August 2014, Swift said about the song's inspiration: "I've had every part of my life dissected ... When you live your life under that kind of scrutiny, you can either let it break you, or you can get really good at dodging punches. And when one lands, you know how to deal with it. And I guess the way that I deal with it is to shake it off." Discussing the song's message with NPR in October 2014, Swift said that "Shake It Off" represented her more mature perspectives from her previous single " Mean" (2010), which was also inspired by her detractors. According to Swift, if "Mean" was where she assumed victimhood, "Shake It Off" found her in a proactive stance to "take back the narrative, and have ... a sense of humor about people who kind of get under erskin – and not let them get under erskin". In the first verse of the song, Swift references her perceived image as a flirtatious woman with numerous romantic attachments: "I go on too many dates / But I can't make 'em stay / At least that's what people say." The lines in the chorus are arranged rhythmically to produce a catchy hook: "Cause the players gonna play, play, play, play, play / And the haters gonna hate, hate, hate, hate, hate / Baby, I'm just gonna shake, shake, shake, shake, shake." The spoken-word bridge opens with Swift asserting that the "dirty cheats of the world ... could have been getting down to this sick beat". The lyric "this sick beat" is trademarked to Swift by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.


Release

On August 18, 2014, during a
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event held on Yahoo, sponsored by ABC News, Swift announced the album ''1989'' and the lead single "Shake It Off" and premiered its music video. Within minutes of the video's release, Big Machine, in partnership with Republic Records, released the song to contemporary hit radio and adult contemporary radio in the United States. "Shake It Off" was made available for download by Big Machine on August 19, and a limited CD single edition was available via Swift's website on September 11. In Europe, "Shake It Off" was added to a BBC Radio playlist in the United Kingdom on August 25, released to Italian radio on August 29, and was released as a CD single in Germany on October 10. The release of "Shake It Off" and its parent album ''1989'' had been highly anticipated, given Swift's announcement that she would abandon her country roots to release an "official pop" album. The magazine '' Drowned in Sound'' described the single as "undoubtedly ... the most significant cultural event" since Radiohead's 2011 album '' The King of Limbs''. While noting that "Shake It Off" was not Swift's first "straight-up pop" song, '' Billboard'' Jason Lipshutz considered it a sign of a "bold foray into the unknown", in which Swift could experiment beyond her well-known formulaic country pop songs that had been critically and commercially successful.


Critical reception

"Shake It Off" received mixed reviews upon release. Although positive reviews found the production catchy, critics deemed the track repetitive and lacking substance compared to Swift's works on ''Red''. Randall Roberts from the ''
Los Angeles Times The ''Los Angeles Times'' is an American Newspaper#Daily, daily newspaper that began publishing in Los Angeles, California, in 1881. Based in the Greater Los Angeles city of El Segundo, California, El Segundo since 2018, it is the List of new ...
'' lauded the sound as "perfect pop confection" but found the lyrics shallow, calling them insensible to the political events at the time: "When lives are at stake and nothing seems more relevant than getting to the Actual Truth, liars and cheats can't and shouldn't be shaken off." In congruence, ''
The Guardian ''The Guardian'' is a British daily newspaper. It was founded in Manchester in 1821 as ''The Manchester Guardian'' and changed its name in 1959, followed by a move to London. Along with its sister paper, ''The Guardian Weekly'', ''The Guardi ...
'' Molly Fitzpatrick wrote that the lyrics fell short of Swift's songwriting abilities. Giving the song a three-out-of-five-stars score, Jeff Terich from '' American Songwriter'' regarded Swift's new direction as "a left-turn worth following". While Terich agreed that the lyrics were dismissive, he felt that critics should not have taken the song seriously because it was "pretty harmless". In a positive review, Jason Lipshutz from ''Billboard'' wrote: "Swift proves why she belongs among pop's queen bees ... the song sounds like a surefire hit." In a review of the album ''1989'', Alexis Petridis praised the lyrics for "twisting clichés until they sound original". In the words of Andrew Unterberger from '' Spin'', while "Shake It Off" was musically a "red herring" that feels out of place on the album, it thematically represents Swift's new attitude on ''1989'', where she liberated herself from overtly romantic struggles to embrace positivity. Swift herself acknowledged the song as an outlier on ''1989'', and deliberately released it as the lead single to encourage audiences to explore the entire album and not just the singles. Retrospectively, Hannah Mylrea from '' NME'' considered "Shake It Off" an effective opener for Swift's ''1989'' era, which transformed her image to mainstream pop. While saying that "Shake It Off" was not one of the album's better songs, Rob Sheffield from ''Rolling Stone'' applauded it for "serving as a trailer to announce her daring Eighties synth-pop makeover". Nate Jones from '' Vulture'' agreed, but described the song's bridge as "the worst 24 seconds of the entire album". In his 2019 ranking of Swift's singles, Petridis ranked "Shake It Off" third—behind " Blank Space" (2014) and " Love Story" (2008), lauding its "irresistible" hook and "sharp-tongued wit". Jane Song from '' Paste'' was less enthusiastic, placing "Shake It Off" among Swift's worst songs in her catalog: "Swift has a pattern of choosing the worst song from each album as the lead single."


Commercial performance

"Shake It Off" gained an audience of nine million on US airplay after one day of release to radio and debuted at number 45 on Radio Songs after two days of release. After its first week of release, the single debuted at number nine on Adult Pop Songs and number 12 on Pop Songs, setting the record for the highest debut on both charts. On the Pop Songs chart, it tied with Mariah Carey's " Dreamlover" (1993) for the highest first-week chart entry. Although not officially released to country radio, the single debuted and peaked at number 58 on Country Airplay. "Shake It Off" debuted at number one on the US ''Billboard'' Hot 100 chart dated September 6, 2014, the 22nd song to do so. After two consecutive weeks at number one, it dropped to number two, where it stayed for eight consecutive weeks. "Shake It Off" returned to number one in its tenth charting week, and spent a further week at number one, totaling four non-consecutive weeks atop the Hot 100. It also topped ''Billboard'' airplay-focused charts including Pop Songs, Adult Pop Songs, and Adult Contemporary. "Shake It Off" was one of the best-selling singles of the 2010s decade in the United States, selling 5.4 million digital copies as of January 2020. As of December 2024, the single remains Swift's biggest hit on the Hot 100, where it spent nearly six months in the top 10 and 50 weeks in the top 100. The song was certified Diamond by the
Recording Industry Association of America The Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) is a trade organization that represents the music recording industry in the United States. Its members consist of record labels and distributors that the RIAA says "create, manufacture, and/o ...
, which denotes 10 million units based on sales and streams. With this achievement, Swift is the first female artist to have both a song and an album ('' Fearless'') certified Diamond in the United States. "Shake It Off" also topped the charts and received multi-platinum certifications in Australia (eighteen-times platinum), Canada (six-times platinum), and New Zealand (six-times platinum). In the United Kingdom, it peaked at number two on the UK Singles Chart and, by November 2022, became the first song since 2020 to surpass one million in pure sales. It was certified five-times platinum by the
British Phonographic Industry BPI (British Recorded Music Industry) Limited, trading as British Phonographic Industry (BPI), is the British recorded music industry's trade association. It runs the BRIT Awards; is home to the Mercury Prize; co-owns the Official Charts C ...
to become Swift's best-selling single in the United Kingdom as of April 2024. In Japan, "Shake It Off" peaked at number four on the Japan Hot 100 and was certified triple platinum. The single also topped record charts in Hungary and Poland, and it was a top-five hit in other European countries, peaking at number two in Spain; number three in Ireland, Norway and Sweden; number four in Denmark and Israel; and number five in Germany and the Netherlands. It was certified triple diamond in Brazil, and double platinum in Austria, Italy, Norway, and Spain.


Music video


Concept

The music video for "Shake It Off", directed by Mark Romanek, was released on August 18, 2014, the same day as the song's release. It was shot over three days in June 2014 in Los Angeles. Swift conceived the video as a humorous depiction of her trying to find her identity: "It takes a long time to figure out who you are and where you fit in in the world." To this end, the video depicts Swift as a clumsy person who unsuccessfully attempts dance moves with professional artists, including ballerinas, street dancers, cheerleaders, rhythmic gymnasts and performance artists. She summed up the video: "I'm putting myself in all these awkward situations where the dancers are incredible, and I'm having fun with it, but not fitting in ... I'm being embarrassingly bad at it. It shows you to keep doing you, keep being you, keep trying to figure out where you fit in in the world, and eventually you will." The dances were choreographed by Tyce Diorio. The video's final scenes feature Swift dancing with her fans, who had been handpicked by Swift through social media engagement. The video contains references to other areas of popular culture. According to VH1, those references are: the ballerinas to the 2010 film '' Black Swan'', the breakdancers to the 2010 film '' Step Up 3D'', the "sparkling suits and robotic dance moves" to the
electronic music Electronic music broadly is a group of music genres that employ electronic musical instruments, circuitry-based music technology and software, or general-purpose electronics (such as personal computers) in its creation. It includes both music ...
duo Daft Punk, the twerking dance moves to the singer Miley Cyrus, the cheerleaders to Toni Basil's 1981 video " Mickey", and Swift's black turtleneck and jeans to the outfits of Audrey Hepburn in the 1957 film '' Funny Face''. Publications including the ''Los Angeles Times'' and '' The Sydney Morning Herald'' also noted references to Lady Gaga and Skrillex.


Analysis and reception

Molly Fitzpatrick of ''The Guardian'' considered Swift "a little too skilled a dancer" for the video's concept, writing: "The incongruent blend of modern dance, ballet, and breakdancing is fun, but the conceit falls flat." Peter Vincent from ''The Sydney Morning Herald'' called the video "unoriginal", citing the many popular culture references, and doubted Swift's success in transforming her image to pop. Media professor Maryn Wilkinson noted "Shake It Off" as a representation of Swift's "zany" persona during the ''1989'' era. Wilkinson noted that as Swift had been associated with a hardworking and authentic persona through her country songs, her venture to "artificial, manufactured" pop required intricate maneuvering to retain her sense of authenticity. As observed by Wilkinson, in the video, after failing every dance routine, Swift laughs at herself implying that she will never "fit in" to "any commercially viable image, and prefers to embrace her natural zany state instead". In doing so, Swift reminded the audience of her authenticity underneath "the artificial manufacture of pop performances". "Shake It Off" attracted allegations of racism and cultural appropriation for perpetuating African American stereotypes such as twerking and breakdancing. Its release coinciding with the race relation debates revolving the
Ferguson unrest The Ferguson unrest (sometimes called the Ferguson uprising, Ferguson protests, or the Ferguson riots) was a series of protests and riots which began in Ferguson, Missouri on August 10, 2014, the day after the fatal Killing of Michael Brown, ...
was also met with criticism. Analyzing the video's supposedly "racializing surveillance" in a post-racial context, communications professor Rachel Dubrofsky noted the difference between Swift's depiction of conventionally white dance moves—such as ballet and cheerleading; and conventionally black dance moves—breakdancing and twerking. She argued that while Swift's outfits and demeanor when she performs ballet or cheerleading fit her "naturally", she "does not easily embody the break-dancer's body nor does the style of dress hile twerkingfit her seamlessly". Dubrofsky summarized the video as Swift's statement of her white authenticity: "I'm so white, you know it, I know it, which makes it so funny when I try to dance like a person of color." '' The Washington Post'' noted the video's depiction of dance moves associated with people of color, such as twerking, was another case of an ongoing debate about white pop singers embracing black culture. Romanek defended his work: "We simply choose styles of dance that we thought would be popular and amusing ... If you look at he videocarefully, it's a massively inclusive piece. And ... it's a satirical piece. It's playing with a whole range of music video tropes and cliches and stereotypes".


Accolades

"Shake It Off" appeared on many publications' lists of the best songs of 2014. It featured in the top ten on lists by '' Time Out'' (third), ''
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'' (fourth), ''
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'' Pazz & Jop critics' poll (fourth), and '' Consequence'' (eighth). The track featured on 2014 year-end lists by ''Drowned in Sound'' (14th), '' Dagsavisen'' (16th), and ''NME'' (27th). It was ranked by ''NME'' and ''Consequence'' as the 19th and 38th best song of the 2010s decade, respectively. '' USA Today'' listed "Shake It Off" as one of the ten songs that defined the 2010s. "Shake It Off" has received many industry awards and nominations. It was honored by the 2015 Nashville Songwriters Association International, where Swift was the Songwriter of the Year. The song received an award at the 2016 BMI Pop Awards, where Swift also earned the distinction of Songwriter of the Year. At the 57th Annual Grammy Awards in 2015, "Shake It Off" was nominated in three categories:
Record of the Year The Grammy Award for Record of the Year is presented by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences of the United States to "honor artistic achievement, technical proficiency and overall excellence in the recording industry, without re ...
, Song of the Year, (both categories lost to " Stay with Me" by Sam Smith) and Best Pop Solo Performance but lost to " Happy" by
Pharrell Williams Pharrell Lanscilo Williams (; born April 5, 1973), also known mononymously as Pharrell, is an American musician, singer, songwriter, rapper, record producer, and fashion designer. He first became known as one half of the music production duo ...
. At the 2015 ''Billboard'' Music Awards, "Shake It Off" received three nominations, winning Top Streaming Song (Video). "Shake It Off" won Song of the Year at the 2015 iHeartRadio Music Awards, Favorite International Video at the 2015 Myx Music Awards (Philippines), and Favorite Song at the 2015 People's Choice Awards. The song was nominated for the Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards, Teen Choice Awards, Rockbjörnen Awards (Sweden), Radio Disney Music Awards, and Los Premios 40 Principales (Spain).


Live performances

Swift premiered "Shake It Off" on television at the 2014 MTV Video Music Awards on August 24, 2014, with Kiki Wong on drums. She performed the song at the German Radio Awards on September 4. As part of promotion of ''1989'', she performed the song on television shows including '' The X Factor UK'' on October 12, '' The X Factor Australia'' on October 20, '' Jimmy Kimmel Live!'' on October 23, and '' Good Morning America'' on October 29. On October 27, 2014, the day of ''1989'' release, she performed the song as part of a mini-concert titled the "''1989'' Secret Sessions", live broadcast by
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and iHeartRadio. She also played "Shake It Off" on music festivals including the iHeartRadio Music Festival on September 19, the We Can Survive benefit concert at the Hollywood Bowl on October 24, and the Jingle Ball Tour 2014 on December 5. At the after party for the 40th anniversary of ''
Saturday Night Live ''Saturday Night Live'' (''SNL'') is an American Late night television in the United States, late-night live television, live sketch comedy variety show created by Lorne Michaels and developed by Michaels and Dick Ebersol that airs on NBC. The ...
'', Swift performed the song in an impromptu performance with Jimmy Fallon on backing vocals and
Paul McCartney Sir James Paul McCartney (born 18 June 1942) is an English singer, songwriter and musician who gained global fame with the Beatles, for whom he played bass guitar and the piano, and shared primary songwriting and lead vocal duties with John ...
on backing vocals and bass guitar. On April 23, 2019, she performed an acoustic version of the song at the ''Time'' 100 Gala, where she was honored as one of the "100 most influential" people of the year. She again performed the song on the finale of the eighth season of ''The Voice'' France on May 25, on the Wango Tango festival on June 1, at the City of Lover one-off concert in Paris on September 9, and at the We Can Survive charity concert in Los Angeles on October 19, 2019. At the 2019 American Music Awards, where she was honored as the Artist of the Decade, Swift performed "Shake It Off" as part of a medley of her hits. Halsey and Cabello joined Swift onstage during the song. She again performed the song at Capital FM's Jingle Bell Ball 2019 in London and at iHeartRadio Z100's Jingle Ball in New York City. "Shake It Off" was included on the set lists on three of Swift's world tours— the 1989 World Tour (2015), where the song was the final number, the Reputation Stadium Tour (2018), where she performed the song with Camila Cabello and
Charli XCX Charlotte Emma Aitchison (born 2 August 1992), known professionally as Charli XCX, is a British singer and songwriter. She began posting songs on Myspace in 2008 before entering the London rave scene. Signing a recording contract with Asylum Re ...
as supporting acts, and the Eras Tour (2023–2024).


Controversies


2014 Triple J Hottest 100

Following a January 13, 2015, BuzzFeed article titled "Why Isn't Everyone Voting For 'Shake It Off' In The Hottest 100?", the #Tay4Hottest100 hashtag campaign on social media emerged during the voting period for the Triple J Hottest 100, an annual poll selecting the 100 most prominent songs by the Australian radio station Triple J. The social media posts tagged with #Tay4Hottest100 overwhelmed those mentioning the official contenders. The campaign led to a significant amount of media debate over the merits of Swift's inclusion in the poll. One criterion for eligibility was being played on air by Triple J at least once in 2014; Swift's "Shake It Off" did not receive airplay, but a cover of the song by the folk group Milky Chance did. Critics of the campaign argued that the Hottest 100 was a platform for up-and-rising, non-mainstream artists, but defenders criticized Triple J for embodying cultural elitism and sexism, citing how the radio prioritized "masculine 'rockist and "alternative" artists. ''
Guardian Australia ''Guardian Australia'' is the Australian website of the British global online and print newspaper, ''The Guardian''. Available solely in an Online newspaper, online format, the newspaper's launch was led by Katharine Viner in time for the 201 ...
''s Elle Hunt wrote: " hevirulent response to #Tay4Hottest100 has revealed the persistence of a dichotomy I'd thought we'd thrown out long ago: that of high art versus low." On January 20, 2015, ''Guardian Australia'' submitted a freedom of information request to the ABC in regard to the station's response to the campaign and the eligibility of "Shake It Off" for the Hottest 100 contest. Triple J's manager Chris Scaddan told the website ''Tone Deaf'': "We don't comment on voting campaigns while Hottest 100 voting is open. It draws attention to them and may influence the results of the poll." "Shake It Off" was eventually disqualified by Triple J on January 26, 2015; in the announcement, Triple J acknowledged Swift's music and career but highlighted that her entry—which had not received airtime—would not reflect their spirit. They subsequently introduced two new rules that prohibited "trolling the poll"-type campaigns for the proceeding Hottest 100 polls. The communications scholar Glen Fuller described the #Tay4Hottest100 campaign as an example of "connective action" in the age of social media. As noted by Fuller, the emergence of personalized "action frames" expressing personal viewpoints intertwining with a larger framework of information created by media publications resulted in fragmented arguments that failed to result in a definite outcome.


Lawsuits

In November 2015, Jessie Braham, an R&B singer known by the stage name Jesse Graham, claimed that Swift plagiarized his 2013 song "Haters Gonna Hate", citing his lyrics: "Haters gone hate, playas gone play. Watch out for them fakers, they'll fake you everyday." In his lawsuit, he alleged that 92% of Swift's "Shake It Off" came from his song and demanded $42 million in damages from Swift and the distributor
Sony is a Japanese multinational conglomerate (company), conglomerate headquartered at Sony City in Minato, Tokyo, Japan. The Sony Group encompasses various businesses, including Sony Corporation (electronics), Sony Semiconductor Solutions (i ...
. On November 12, 2015, the lawsuit was dismissed by U.S. District Court Judge Gail Standish, who ruled that Braham did not have enough factual evidence but could file a new complaint "if his lawsuit deficiencies are corrected". Standish quoted lyrics from Swift's songs " We Are Never Ever Getting Back Together", " Bad Blood", "Blank Space" and "Shake It Off":
At present, the Court is not saying that Braham can never, ever, ever get his case back in court. But, for now, we have got problems, and the Court is not sure Braham can solve them. As currently drafted, the Complaint has a blank space – one that requires Braham to do more than write his name. And, upon consideration of the Court's explanation ... Braham may discover that mere pleading BandAids will not fix the bullet holes in his case. At least for the moment, Defendants have shaken off this lawsuit.
In September 2017, the songwriters Sean "Sep" Hall and Nate Butler sued Swift for copyright infringement. They alleged that the lyrics of "Shake It Off" plagiarized those of " Playas Gon' Play" (2001), a song they wrote for the girl group 3LW, citing their lyrics: "Playas they gon' play, and haters they gonna hate / Ballers they gon' ball, shot callers they gonna call." U.S. District Judge Michael W. Fitzgerald, in February 2018, dismissed the case on the grounds that the lyrics in question were too "banal" to be copyrighted; but U.S. Circuit Judges John B. Owens, Andrew D. Hurwitz, and Kenneth K. Lee of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, in October 2019, reversed the ruling, holding that the district court had "constituted itself as the final judge of the worth of an expressive work", and sent the case back to the district court. Swift's legal team filed new documents for dismissal of the suit in July 2020, and in July 2021, filed for a summary judgment, arguing that the discovery phase of the lawsuit has turned up evidence in their favor. On December 9, 2021, Fitzgerald refused Swift's request for a summary judgement. Swift's legal team filed a second motion to dismiss the case on December 23, claiming the Fitzgerald's ruling was "unprecedented and cheats the public domain" if the plaintiffs could sue everyone who uses the phrases in any songwriting, singing or says it publicly. On January 14, 2022, Hall and Butler's legal team filed a response stating, "The rules simply do not provide defendants with vehicles for rehashing old arguments and are not intended to give an unhappy litigant one additional chance to sway the judge." On December 12, 2022, the lawsuit was dropped with no final verdict.


Cover versions and usage in media

Many musicians have covered "Shake It Off". Labrinth covered it at
BBC Radio 1 BBC Radio 1 is a British national radio station owned and operated by the BBC. It specialises in modern popular music and Contemporary hit radio, current chart hits throughout the day. The station provides alternative genres at night, including ...
's Live Lounge September 20, 2014, and Charli XCX performed a
punk rock Punk rock (also known as simply punk) is a rock music genre that emerged in the mid-1970s. Rooted in 1950s rock and roll and 1960s garage rock, punk bands rejected the corporate nature of mainstream 1970s rock music. They typically produced sh ...
–inspired version at BBC Radio 1's Live Lounge on February 10, 2015; the latter version was nominated for Best Cover Song at the 2015 mtvU Woodie Awards. Ryan Adams covered "Shake It Off" for his track-by-track interpretation of Swift's ''1989'', released in September 2015''.'' Adams said that Swift's ''1989'' helped him cope with emotional hardships and that he wanted to interpret the songs from his perspective "like it was Bruce Springsteen's ''Nebraska''". His version of "Shake It Off" incorporates acoustic instruments and a thumping drum line that critics found reminiscent of the drums on Bruce Springsteen's 1985 song " I'm on Fire". Coldplay covered "Shake It Off" during their Music of the Spheres World Tour shows at Ernst-Happel-Stadion in
Vienna Vienna ( ; ; ) is the capital city, capital, List of largest cities in Austria, most populous city, and one of Federal states of Austria, nine federal states of Austria. It is Austria's primate city, with just over two million inhabitants. ...
, Austria, on August 22 and 24, 2024, as a tribute to the three cancelled shows of Swift's the Eras Tour following the uncovering of a terror plot. "Shake It Off" has been parodied and adapted into other mediums. In an April 2015 episode of '' Lip Sync Battle'', the actor
Dwayne Johnson Dwayne Douglas Johnson (born May 2, 1972), also known by his ring name The Rock, is an American actor and professional wrestler. He is signed to WWE, where he performs on a part-time basis. Widely regarded as one of the greatest professional w ...
lip synced to "Shake It Off" and
Bee Gees The Bee Gees were a musical group formed in 1958 by brothers Barry Gibb, Barry, Robin Gibb, Robin, and Maurice Gibb. The trio was especially successful in popular music in the late 1960s and early 1970s, and later as prominent performers in ...
' " Stayin' Alive" (1977) in a battle against Jimmy Fallon, and won. The title of " Chris Has Got a Date, Date, Date, Date, Date", a ''
Family Guy ''Family Guy'' is an American animated sitcom created by Seth MacFarlane for the Fox Broadcasting Company. The series premiered on January 31, 1999, following Super Bowl XXXIII, with the rest of the first season airing from April 11, 1999. Th ...
'' episode featuring a fictionalized character of Swift aired on November 6, 2016, is a pun on the lyrics of "Shake It Off". The actress
Reese Witherspoon Laura Jeanne Reese Witherspoon (born March 22, 1976) is an American actress and producer. She is the recipient of List of awards and nominations received by Reese Witherspoon, various accolades, including an Academy Award, a Primetime Emmy Aw ...
and the comedian
Nick Kroll Nicholas Kroll (born June 5, 1978) is an American actor, comedian, writer, and producer. He is known for the FX (TV channel), FX comedy series ''The League'' (2009–2015), creating and starring in the Comedy Central series ''Kroll Show'' (20 ...
performed an EDM–influenced version for the
soundtrack A soundtrack is a recorded audio signal accompanying and synchronised to the images of a book, drama, motion picture, radio program, television show, television program, or video game; colloquially, a commercially released soundtrack album of m ...
to the musical animated film '' Sing'' (2016). "Shake It Off" was also sung by the Mexican–Kenyan actress Lupita Nyong'o on a ukulele in the comedy film '' Little Monsters'' (2019). A cover by the cast of the 2020 television series '' Zoey's Extraordinary Playlist'' was featured in the final episode of its second season. "Weird Al" Yankovic covered "Shake It Off" as the final song of his 2024 polka medley " Polkamania!".


Personnel

Credits are adapted from the
liner notes Liner notes (also sleeve notes or album notes) are the writings found on the sleeves of LP record albums and in booklets that come inserted into the compact disc jewel case or cassette j-cards. Origin Liner notes are descended from the prog ...
of ''1989''. *
Taylor Swift Taylor Alison Swift (born December 13, 1989) is an American singer-songwriter. Known for her autobiographical songwriting, artistic versatility, and Cultural impact of Taylor Swift, cultural impact, Swift is one of the Best selling artists, w ...
 – vocals, background vocals, songwriter, clapping, shouts * Cory Bice – assistant recording * Tom Coyne – mastering * Serban Ghenea – mixing * John Hanes –
engineering Engineering is the practice of using natural science, mathematics, and the engineering design process to Problem solving#Engineering, solve problems within technology, increase efficiency and productivity, and improve Systems engineering, s ...
for mix * Sam Holland – recording * Michael Ilbert – recording * Jonas Lindeborg –
trumpet The trumpet is a brass instrument commonly used in classical and jazz musical ensemble, ensembles. The trumpet group ranges from the piccolo trumpet—with the highest Register (music), register in the brass family—to the bass trumpet, pitche ...
* Max Martin – producer, songwriter, keyboard, programming, claps, shouts * Shellback – producer, songwriter, acoustic guitar, bass guitar, keyboard, background vocals, drums, programming, claps, shouts, percussion * Jonas Thander – baritone saxophone * Magnus Wiklund – trombone


Charts


Weekly charts


Year-end charts


Decade-end charts


All-time charts


Certifications


Release history


"Shake It Off (Taylor's Version)"

After signing a new contract with Republic Records, Swift began re-recording her first six studio albums in November 2020. The decision followed a public 2019 dispute between Swift and talent manager Scooter Braun, who acquired Big Machine Records, including the masters of Swift's albums which the label had released. By re-recording the albums, Swift had full ownership of the new masters, which enabled her to control the licensing of her songs for commercial use. In doing so, she hoped that the re-recorded songs would substitute the Big Machine–owned masters. The re-recording of "Shake It Off", subtitled "Taylor's Version", was released as part of ''1989'' re-recording, '' 1989 (Taylor's Version)'', on October 27, 2023. Swift produced "Shake It Off (Taylor's Version)" with Christopher Rowe, who had produced her previous re-recordings. The track was engineered by Derek Garten and Lowell Reynolds at Prime Recording Studio in
Nashville, Tennessee Nashville, often known as Music City, is the capital and List of municipalities in Tennessee, most populous city in the U.S. state of Tennessee. It is the county seat, seat of Davidson County, Tennessee, Davidson County in Middle Tennessee, locat ...
; mixed by Ghenea at MixStar Studios in Virginia Beach, Virginia; and mastered by Randy Merrill at Sterling Sound in Edgewater, New Jersey. Rowe and Sam Holland recorded Swift's vocals at Conway Recording Studios in Los Angeles and Kitty Committee Studio in New York.


Personnel

Credits are adapted from the liner notes of '' 1989 (Taylor's Version)''. Technical * Taylor Swift – producer * Bryce Bordone – engineer for mix * Mattias Bylund – horn recording, horn editing * Derek Garten – engineering, additional programming, editing * Serban Ghenea – mixing * Sam Holland – vocals recording * Lowell Reynolds – engineering, additional programming, editing * Christopher Rowe – vocals recording, producer Musicians * Taylor Swift – vocals, background vocals, songwriter * Robert Allen – foot stomps, handclaps, background vocals * Max Bernstein – synth horns * Matt Billingslea – percussion * Janne Bjerger –
trumpet The trumpet is a brass instrument commonly used in classical and jazz musical ensemble, ensembles. The trumpet group ranges from the piccolo trumpet—with the highest Register (music), register in the brass family—to the bass trumpet, pitche ...
* Mattias Bylund – synth horns,
conducting Conducting is the art of directing a musical performance, such as an orchestral or Choir, choral concert. It has been defined as "the art of directing the simultaneous performance of several players or singers by the use of gesture." The primary d ...
* Wojtek Goral – alto saxophone, baritone saxophone * Amos Heller – bass * Peter Noos Johansson – trombone, tuba * Magnus Johansson – trumpet * Tomas Jönsson – baritone saxophone, tenor saxophone * Max Martin – songwriter * Mike Meadows – synthesizer, background vocals * Christopher Rowe – trumpet, background vocals * Paul Sidoti – electric guitar, background vocals * Shellback – songwriter, drums, laser harp


Charts


Certifications


See also

*
List of highest-certified singles in Australia This is a list of highest-certified singles in Australia according to the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA). Since 1983, ARIA certifies a single Platinum for shipment of 70,000 copies across Australia. Single figures can include "qu ...
* List of ''Billboard'' Hot 100 number ones singles of 2014 * List of ''Billboard'' Adult Contemporary number ones of 2014 * List of ''Billboard'' Adult Contemporary number ones of 2015 * List of Canadian Hot 100 number-one singles of 2014 * List of number-one digital songs of 2014 (U.S.) * List of number-one singles of 2014 (Australia) * List of number-one singles from the 2010s (New Zealand) * List of most-viewed YouTube videos * List of most-liked YouTube videos


Footnotes


References


Sources

* * * * * {{featured article 2014 singles 2014 songs Big Machine Records singles Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles Canadian Hot 100 number-one singles American dance-pop songs Music videos directed by Mark Romanek Number-one singles in Australia Number-one singles in Hungary Number-one singles in New Zealand Song recordings produced by Max Martin Song recordings produced by Shellback (record producer) Song recordings produced by Taylor Swift Song recordings produced by Chris Rowe Songs written by Taylor Swift Songs written by Max Martin Songs written by Shellback (record producer) Songs involved in plagiarism controversies Taylor Swift songs Number-one singles in Poland Reese Witherspoon songs Ryan Adams songs