music Music is generally defined as the The arts, art of arranging sound to create some combination of Musical form, form, harmony, melody, rhythm or otherwise Musical expression, expressive content. Exact definition of music, definitions of mu ...

, the septimal semicomma, a

seven 7 is a number, numeral, and glyph. 7 or seven may also refer to: * AD 7, the seventh year of the AD era * 7 BC, the seventh year before the AD era * The month of July Music Artists * Seven (Swiss singer) (born 1978), a Swiss recording artist ...

limit Limit or Limits may refer to: Arts and media * ''Limit'' (manga), a manga by Keiko Suenobu * ''Limit'' (film), a South Korean film * Limit (music), a way to characterize harmony * "Limit" (song), a 2016 single by Luna Sea * "Limits", a 2019 ...

semicomma, is the ratio 126/125 and is equal to approximately 13.79 cents (). It is also called the ''small septimal comma''Haluska, Jan (2003). ''The Mathematical Theory of Tone Systems'', p.xxvi. . and the ''starling comma'' after its use in starling temperament. Factored into primes it is:

2*3^2*5^*7

Or as simple just intervals:

(6/5)^3*(7/6)*(2/1)^

Thus it is the difference between three

minor third In music theory, a minor third is a musical interval that encompasses three half steps, or semitones. Staff notation represents the minor third as encompassing three staff positions (see: interval number). The minor third is one of two com ...

s of 6/5 plus a septimal minor third of 7/6 and an octave (2/1). This comma is important to certain tuning systems, such as

septimal meantone temperament In music, septimal meantone temperament, also called ''standard septimal meantone'' or simply ''septimal meantone'', refers to the tempering of 7-limit musical intervals by a meantone temperament tuning in the range from fifths flattened by the ...

. A

diminished seventh chord The diminished seventh chord is a four-note chord (a seventh chord) composed of a root note, together with a minor third, a diminished fifth, and a diminished seventh above the root: (1, 3, 5, 7). For example, the diminished seve ...

consisting of three minor thirds and a subminor third making up an octave is possible in such systems. This characteristic feature of these tuning systems is known as the ''septimal semicomma diminished seventh chord''.

In equal temperament

It is tempered out in

19 equal temperament In music, 19 Tone Equal Temperament, called 19 TET, 19 EDO ("Equal Division of the Octave"), or 19 ET, is the tempered scale derived by dividing the octave into 19 equal steps (equal frequency ratios). Each step represent ...

and

31 equal temperament In music, 31 equal temperament, 31-ET, which can also be abbreviated 31-TET (31 tone ET) or 31-EDO (equal division of the octave), also known as tricesimoprimal, is the tempered scale derived by dividing the octave into 31 equal-sized steps (equa ...

, but not in

22 equal temperament In music, 22 equal temperament, called 22-TET, 22-EDO, or 22-ET, is the tempered scale derived by dividing the octave into 22 equal steps (equal frequency ratios). Each step represents a frequency ratio of , or 54.55 cents (). When composing wit ...

34 equal temperament In musical theory, 34 equal temperament, also referred to as 34-TET, 34-EDO or 34-ET, is the tempered tuning derived by dividing the octave into 34 equal-sized steps (equal frequency ratios). Each step represents a frequency ratio of , or 35.29 c ...

41 equal temperament In music, 41 equal temperament, abbreviated 41-TET, 41-EDO, or 41-ET, is the tempered scale derived by dividing the octave into 41 equally sized steps (equal frequency ratios). Each step represents a frequency ratio of 21/41, or 29.27 cents (), a ...

, or

53 equal temperament In music, 53 equal temperament, called 53 TET, 53 EDO, or 53 ET, is the tempered scale derived by dividing the octave into 53 equal steps (equal frequency ratios). Each step represents a frequency ratio of 2, or 22.6415& ...

References

{{Intervals, state=expanded 7-limit tuning and intervals Commas (music) 0126:0125