Sean Ross Abbey south of

Roscrea Roscrea () is a market town in County Tipperary, Ireland. In 2022 it had a population of 5,542. Roscrea is one of the oldest towns in Ireland, having developed around the 7th century monastery of Crónán of Roscrea, Saint Crónán of Roscrea, p ...

County Tipperary County Tipperary () is a Counties of Ireland, county in Republic of Ireland, Ireland. It is in the Provinces of Ireland, province of Munster and the Southern Region, Ireland, Southern Region. The county is named after the town of Tipperary (tow ...

Ireland Ireland (, ; ; Ulster Scots dialect, Ulster-Scots: ) is an island in the North Atlantic Ocean, in Northwestern Europe. Geopolitically, the island is divided between the Republic of Ireland (officially Names of the Irish state, named Irelan ...

, is a

convent A convent is an enclosed community of monks, nuns, friars or religious sisters. Alternatively, ''convent'' means the building used by the community. The term is particularly used in the Catholic Church, Lutheran churches, and the Anglican ...

and the location of St Anne's

Special School Special education (also known as special-needs education, aided education, alternative provision, exceptional student education, special ed., SDC, and SPED) is the practice of educating students in a way that accommodates their individual d ...

run by the Sisters of the Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary. St Crónán is believed to have founded a monastery at this location in the 6th century.

History

Crónán of Roscrea settled at Sean Ross, which was a wooded morass far from the haunts of men; in fact, it was utterly wild, so much so, that pilgrims would get lost, so Crónán abandoned it and moved to the more accessible wood of Cré, that is

. In the 7th century,

Culdees The Culdees (; ) were members of ascetic Christian monastic and eremitical communities of Ireland, Scotland, Wales and England in the Middle Ages. Appearing first in Ireland and then in Scotland, subsequently attached to cathedral or collegiate ...

established a presence on Monahincha, but later gave way to Augustinian canons. The Augustinians relocated to Sean Ross in 1485.

Buildings

The main building was built about 1750 as Corville House, a Georgian country house with two storeys over a basement. Although much extended and fitted with

UPVC Polyvinyl chloride (alternatively: poly(vinyl chloride), colloquial: vinyl or polyvinyl; abbreviated: PVC) is the world's third-most widely produced synthetic polymer of plastic (after polyethylene and polypropylene). About 40 million tons of ...

windows, the house is listed as being of special architectural and artistic interest. The gardener's house and

walled garden A walled garden is a garden enclosed by high walls, especially when this is done for horticultural rather than security purposes, although originally all gardens may have been enclosed for protection from animal or human intruders. In temperate c ...

are also mentioned in the ''

National Inventory of Architectural Heritage The National Inventory of Architectural Heritage (NIAH) maintains a central database of the architectural heritage of the Republic of Ireland covering the period since 1700 in complement to the Archaeological Survey of Ireland, which focuses on arc ...

''. Within the grounds are the ruined Corville Abbey with its associated small graveyard, an ice house and a lime kiln. There are also several functional modern buildings associated with the school. Corville House was the home of the

Anglo-Irish Anglo-Irish people () denotes an ethnic, social and religious grouping who are mostly the descendants and successors of the English Protestant Ascendancy in Ireland. They mostly belong to the Anglican Church of Ireland, which was the State rel ...

Prittie family (the Barons Dunalley) during the 18th and 19th centuries.

Count Count (feminine: countess) is a historical title of nobility in certain European countries, varying in relative status, generally of middling rank in the hierarchy of nobility. Pine, L. G. ''Titles: How the King Became His Majesty''. New York: ...

John O'Byrne purchased the estate in the 19th century and lived there until 1930. The Sisters of the Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary came to Sean Ross Abbey in 1932."School History", St. Anne's Special School
/ref>

St Anne’s Special School

St. Anne's School opened in February 1971. It provides specialist services students four to eighteen years of age who may present with either a severe/profound general learning disability, or with autism.

Mother and baby home

A mother and baby home operated at Sean Ross from about 1932 to 1970. Babies born to unmarried girls in the home were put up for adoption, 487 of them in the

United States The United States of America (USA), also known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It is a federal republic of 50 U.S. state, states and a federal capital district, Washington, D.C. The 48 ...

, though the most common exit pathway for a child was to return to their mother or family (44%). Although the number of babies born at Sean Ross declined rapidly in the 1950s, adoptions greatly increased due to the introduction of a legal process of adoption in 1953. What records are available for Sean Ross adoptions are held by Child and Family Agency (TUSLA). Martin Sixsmith's book, ''The Lost Child of Philomena Lee'' and the film ''

Philomena Philomena ( ), also known as Saint Philomena (; ) or Philomena of Rome ( 10 January 291 10 August 304) was a virgin (title)#Virgin martyrs, virgin martyr whose remains were discovered on May 24–25, 1802, in the Catacomb of Priscilla. Three ti ...

'', based on it, concern the controversial adoption of Michael A. Hess, born Anthony Lee to

Philomena Lee Annie Philomena Lee (born 24 March 1933) is an Irish woman whose life was chronicled in the 2009 book ''The Lost Child of Philomena Lee'' by Martin Sixsmith. The book was made into a film titled '' Philomena'' (2013), which was nominated for f ...

at Sean Ross Abbey in 1952. The graves of an unknown number of mothers and babies are located in the unmarked area known as the Angels Plot. In February 2018, the sisters put up for sale a large part of the campus, exclusive of St. Anne's school and the cemeteries, which was to continue to be maintained by the congregation, and remain accessible. On 27 July 2020, Journalist Alison O'Reilly, who broke the story of the Tuam Babies burial scandal in 2014, uncovered the names of the 1,024 children who died in Sean Ross Abbey. The story was printed in the ''Irish Daily Star'' after the details were secured under the Freedom of Information Act. A total of 1,090 "illegitimate children" died in Sean Ross Abbey mother and baby home over a thirty-seven-year period. The official death list, also revealed how 128 children died from "Marasmus" - meaning severe malnutrition. Other causes of deaths include convulsions and exhaustion, while two babies died from sun and heat stroke. One death certificate shows a child died from acute heart failure as a result of choking on porridge. The number of children's deaths in Sean Ross Abbey, is higher than the registered deaths in the Tuam mother and baby home where 796 children died, as well as the 817 in Bessborough in Cork. Historian Catherine Corless, who uncovered the names of the children who died in the Tuam home between 1925 and 1961, said: "This is horrifying. Those poor children, you wonder were they just putting down anything for causes of deaths, or did the children actually die this way? It seems that when a large group of children died, they said 'we'll put down cardiac arrest for those 15. It's appalling". The names of the children were displayed in the "Stay With Me" art show, which is a group exhibition of an artist's response to the Tuam Babies story.

References

External links

Michael A. Hess Memorial on Find A Grave
{{Mother and baby homes in Ireland Christian monasteries in the Republic of Ireland Buildings and structures in County Tipperary Lime kilns in Ireland Catholic mother and baby homes in Ireland